Über die Abhängigkeit der Eizahl und Entwicklung des Getreideplattkäfers,Oryzaephilus mercator Fauv. (Col., Cucujidae) von der Nahrung

The oviposition and development of the grain bettle Oryzaephilus mercator Faur.on dry fruit meals. Oryzaephilus mercator showed enormous variation in egg laying on different dry fruit meals (apricot, cashew, almond, groundnut, coconut, fig, date and raisin). The lowest egg period was 4.1 days on almond and the highest on apricot 5.1 days. The egg mortality on various meals differed to a small extent (11.8 to 14.1%). The larval period ranged between 22.7 to 34.3 days. The larval mortality ranged between 7.8% (almond) to 94.4% (raisin).     

Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) populations and human influences on habitat on the River Chambal,India

相似文献   

Pearl Millet Phenology and Growth in Relation to Thermal Time under Arid Environment

Pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.R.Br.) hybrid MH 179 was grown under two moisture regimes viz., optimal moisture and rainfed conditions. The field experiment was continued for three consecutive rainy seasons to quantify the pearl millet development with thermal time. The possible influence of variation in natural sowing date on the relationships between crop development and thermal time have been described. At cardinal temperatures of 10°C (base temperature below which pearl millet development ceases), 33°C (optimal temperature for development) and 45°C (maximum temperature at and above which no development takes place), the crop required 1490–1794°Cd thermal time to reach physiological maturity. The thermal time requirement for different developmental stages was influenced by the sowing time and moisture availability during the growing season of the crop.
The leaf tip appearance on the main shoot of pearl millet in relation to thermal time was almost linear under both moisture conditions requiring about 44–50°Cd ± 2.6 °Cd leaf⁻¹, till the appearance of the flag (last) leaf. However, leaf tip appearance on primary tillers was slightly slower and required 53-58°Cd ± 4.7°Cd for each new leaf. Appearance of first primary tiller was later (at 320°Cd after emergence) under the rainfed condition as compared to the crop under the optimal moisture (at 250°Cd).Thereafter, the tiller appearance in relation to thermal time under both moisture conditions was at a linear rate of about 53-56°Cd ± 9.5°Cd tiller⁻¹.
Effect of microclimatic variations, canopy temperature, radiation and photoperiod on the phenology-thermal time relationships have been discussed under both the moisture conditions.     

Efficacy of an indigenous formulation in patients with bleeding piles: a preliminary clinical study.

The results of the clinical assessment of a multiherbal indigenous formulation on 22 patients with bleeding piles are reported.     

West Valley-derived radionuclides in the Niagara river area of Lake Ontario

The presence of West Valley-derived radionuclides in the densely-populated Niagara River/Lake Ontario region is demonstrated through measurements on water and sediment samples. The ¹³⁷Cs profile in a ²¹⁰Pb-dated Lake Ontario sediment core is consistent with the pattern of West Valley discharges to the local aquatic environment in that the observed ¹³⁷Cs activity maximum corresponds to the 1970 peak discharge and not the 1963 fallout peak activity. Preliminary mass balance estimate, based on a ¹³⁷Cs/⁹⁰Sr activity ratio of 1.5 and on the assumption that the dominant regional flow of Lake Erie transports most of the radionuclides to Lake Ontario va the Niagara River, shows that nearly all of the West Valley-delivered ¹³⁷Cs is deposited in the bottom sediments of Lake Ontario. It is suggested that any accidental releases of radioactivity from the site are likely to provide additional radiation dose to the area residents using municipal water supplies.     

Phosphorylation of ULK1 (hATG1) by AMP-activated protein kinase connects energy sensing to mitophagy

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a conserved sensor of intracellular energy activated in response to low nutrient availability and environmental stress. In a screen for conserved substrates of AMPK, we identified ULK1 and ULK2, mammalian orthologs of the yeast protein kinase Atg1, which is required for autophagy. Genetic analysis of AMPK or ULK1 in mammalian liver and Caenorhabditis elegans revealed a requirement for these kinases in autophagy. In mammals, loss of AMPK or ULK1 resulted in aberrant accumulation of the autophagy adaptor p62 and defective mitophagy. Reconstitution of ULK1-deficient cells with a mutant ULK1 that cannot be phosphorylated by AMPK revealed that such phosphorylation is required for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival during starvation. These findings uncover a conserved biochemical mechanism coupling nutrient status with autophagy and cell survival.     

Effect of Water Stress on the Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Genotypes in the Delmarva Region of the United States

Drought is an important yield-reducing factor for corn and soya bean which are the two major crops in the Delaware, Maryland and Virginia (Delmarva) region of the United States. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is primarily grown in drier regions of the world where it is one of the most drought-resistant food legumes. Field experiments were conducted in which 10 genetically diverse cowpea genotypes were evaluated for adaptability to the Delmarva area. The cowpea genotypes were grown in rain-out shelters under non-water-stressed and water-stressed conditions. The results showed that under non-water-stressed conditions cowpea genotypes California Blackeye 5, Champion and Mississippi Silver gave higher seed yields, while genotypes White Acre, Six Week Browneye and Texas Cream 8 provided lower seed yields. Genotypes California Blackeye 5 and Champion gave comparatively better seed yields under water-stressed conditions. California Blackeye 5 was the highest seed-yielding genotype under both water-stressed and non-water-stressed conditions. The highest biological yield under non-water-stressed conditions was given by genotypes Two Crop Brown, White Acre and Elite, whereas under the water-stressed condition genotypes Texas Cream 8, California Blackeye 5, and Mississippi Silver gave higher biological yield. Genotypes Quickpick Pinkeye and Elite were identified as early maturing genotypes. The harvest index (HI) varied significantly among genotypes, with Texas Cream 8 having the lowest HI. Cowpea genotypes which gave higher seed yield under water-stressed conditions could play an important role in sustaining crop production in the Delmarva region.     

Sugars and phenols in relation toAlternaria leaf blight of wheat

A number of commercial varieties of wheat were investigated with regard to the relationship between the degree of their susceptibilitv toAlternaria triticina Prasada and Prabhu, and the sugar and phenol contents of their leaves. No correlation between these properties could be established.