皖西白鹅羽区皮肤组织结构的研究及其绒被分析

本试验针对皖西白鹅绒皮制裘生产中的问题，观察研究了１２０、１５０、２００、２４０、３６０、５４０六个日龄组计４８只皖西白鹅绒皮的组织结构。结果表明，各日龄组皮肤结构差异不甚明显。其真皮内羽肌发达，羽囊粗大，脂肪组织含量多，纤维层薄，纤维成分少，排列疏松。２４０日龄以后纤维层增厚。     

THE CLIMATE CHANGE AND FORESTRY OF HEILONGJI ANG PROVINCE IN 1990''''S

INTRODUCTIONIntheworldoftoday,theglobalclimatechangeanditsinfluenceonecologyhavebe-comeaveryimportantproblem,towhichmanyscientists,governnentleadersandordinarypcoplepaycloseattentionI1-'].Inl979,theWorldClimateResearchProgram(WCP)waslaiddowninthefirstworldclimatemeeting.lnl99(),thesecondworldclimatemeetingwasconvcl1edinGencva,andalltl1eexpertsagreedthattheglobalwarmlngwillbeextremelyseriousdisasterthananynatUralcalamityever.Attl1eMectingof"WorldEnvironmentandDevelopment,"holdinBrazil…     

胡桃长足象研究初报

胡桃长足象是核桃果实的大害虫,为害损失很大。1975年以来,我们在四川平武地区进行了生活习性观察和防治试验,初步明确了以下几个问题。1.胡桃长足象一年一代。11月份以成虫越冬,次年4月上旬开始活动,为害果、芽、嫩枝、叶柄,5月上旬交尾产卵于果中,一般一果一粒,8月中旬产卵结束,10月陆续死亡。当年成虫6月中旬羽化,进行为害。2.成虫有假死性和向阳性,飞翔力弱,具有与核桃树芽苞相似的保护色。3.防治胡桃长足象,应抓住越冬成虫大量出现和卵孵化盛期时进行。用每毫升含孢量二至五亿的白僵菌液或50%的三硫磷乳油、50%速灭松乳剂、82%磷胺乳剂加水一千倍喷雾,效果良好。     

Enantioselective degradation kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits

Metalaxyl [methyl-N-(2′-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-d,l- alaninate] is a potent phenylamide fungicide. The (−)-(R)-isomer accounts for most of the fungicidal activity. A possible stereo and/or enantioselective kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits was investigated by intravenous injection. The concentrations of (−)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-metalaxyl in plasma, liver, and kidney tissue were determined by HPLC with a cellulose-Tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. After intravenous administration of racemic metalaxyl (40 mg/kg), the (+)-(S)-enantiomer levels in plasma, liver, and kidney decreased more rapidly than the (−)-(R)-isomer. The area ratio of the (−)-(R)-/(+)-(S)-enantiomer under the concentration-time curve (AUC_0 → ∞) in plasma after drug application was 1.62. The total plasma clearance value of the (+)-(S)-enantiomer was 1.53 and higher than that of the (−)-(R)-enantiomer. The [R]/[S] ratio in plasma was >1 for standard rac-metalaxyl at each time point. The other pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers were also different. The results indicate substantial stereoselectivity in the degradation of metalaxyl enantiomers in rabbits.     

Study on integrin-mediated albumin microbubbles adherence to activated leukocytes

AIM:To investigate the mechanism responsible for albumin microbubbles adherence to activated leukocytes. METHODS: In vitro studies were performed in which activated or nonactivated leukocytes were incubated with albumin microbubbles and observed under microscopy. The suspensions of leukocytes and microbubbles which contained or absented of integrins were analyzed with flow cytometry.RESULTS: A minimum of 50cells were identified under transillumination. 5 min after microbubbles were incubated with leukocytes, the number of cells interacting with microbubbles was greater for activated cells than for nonactivated cells(20.30±2.67 vs 4.50±1.43, P <0.01).Microbubbles attached to the surface of activated leukocytes were phagocytosed and remained intact for up to 30min. Microbubble attachment was inhibited notably by blocking the leukocyte β₂-integrin Mac-1(P <0.01) and by VLA-4mAb slightly(P <0.05) CONCLUSION: The mechanism of albumin microbubbles attaching to and phagocytosed by leukocytes was due to β₂-integrin and VLA-4 mediation. Phagocytosed microbubbles can remain at the regions of inflammation for15 min, also responsible to ultrasound.     

三种外检植物病毒的灭活处理

番茄环斑病毒（ＴｍＲＳＶ），烟草环斑病毒（ＴＲＳＶ），南芥菜花叶病毒（ＡｒＭＶ）的病汁液和ＰＥＧ粗提纯液，经适宜温度或甲醛处理，均丧失侵染性而有抗原性。ＴｍＲＳＶＰＥＧ粗提纯液经６０℃（水浴）处理１０分钟或２８℃７天，ＴＲＳＶ粗提纯液置２５℃一个月，Ａｒ－ＭＶ在４０℃７天条件下均可做为阳性对照的灭活处理的最佳方案。可保存抗原性在７～１２月以上。为了防止危险性检疫病毒的侵入，对入境种苗进行检疫，需建立快速、准确、标准化检疫程序，而在血清学快速诊断试验中，提供阳性对照，对提高判断准确率是必要的。因此，为了解决在诊断试剂中提供阳性对照但又不能使其检疫性病毒人为扩散这一重要问题，我们在研究三种外检病毒（ＴｍＲＳＶ，ＴＲＳＶ，ＡｒＭＶ）的检验技术的同时，又进行了一些灭活试验，用化学和物理方法钝化病毒，使其失去侵染性而保持抗原性，并应用于酶联诊断试剂盒中，本文报道了初步试验结果     

华北地区夏玉米田马唐治理的生态经济杀除阈期研究

作者于1992～1994年研究夏玉米田马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis L.)治理的生态经济阈期,借助计算机进行数学模拟,建立夏玉米的相对产量与马唐的相对干扰生长时间、相对出苗时间的函数关系。苗后马唐干扰生长的相对时间即相对天数(Xu)与夏玉米相对产量(Yu)的关系式为: Yu=101.5/{1.0 0.01756EXP[—(—0.0876Xu 0.0004888Xu~2)]}…………(1)苗后马唐出苗的相对时间与玉米相对产量的关系式为: Yd=100.73/{1.0 0.96EXP[—(0.06346Xd-0.00006859Xd~2)]}……………(2) 根据生态经济杀除阈期的定义和(1)、(2)两公式计算可知:夏玉米田马唐防除的生态经济杀除阈期的始期应从夏玉米苗后生育期总天数的11.8％开始,结束于夏玉米苗后生育期总天数的53.9％。例如华北地区夏玉米全生育期总天数一般是95天,夏玉米苗后生育期总天数(T)约为88天,故夏玉米田马唐防除的生态经济杀除阈期约在夏玉米苗后10.6—47.5天之间。     

植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ对实验性动物高胆固醇血症影响的研究

在建立试验用高胆固醇血症大鼠模型的基础上,观察用植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ制成的三个不同剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳对大鼠血脂水平的影响。动物实验表明:三个剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳均可显蓍降低大鼠血清胆固醇(TC)的含量(P<0.01),但对甘油三酯(TG)的降低作用不显著(P>0.05)。高剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳可显著提高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)含量(P<0.01)。因此认为ST-Ⅲ活性乳具有辅助降血脂的功能,特别对高胆固醇血症具有良好的功效。     

七种与小麦近缘的野生植物对禾谷缢管蚜抗性的生化机制

研究了7种与小麦近缘的多年生野生植物长穗偃麦草Elytrigia elongata、费尔干偃麦草E. ferganensis、垂穗披碱草Elymus nutans、华山新麦草Psathyrostachys huanshanica、竖立鹅观草Roegneria japonensis、鹅观草R. kamoji和R. tsukushiensis对禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi抗性的生化机制.禾谷缢管蚜内禀自然增长率(rm)与叶片游离脯氨酸和蛋氨酸含量呈极显著和显著正相关,其逐步回归方程为:rm=-0.0198 0.1930X脯氨酸** 0.3350X蛋氨酸* ;总酚含量与禾谷缢管蚜内禀自然增长率无显著相关关系;丁布含量与内禀自然增长率呈极显著的负相关(r=-0.941**,p<0.01).低含量的游离脯氨酸﹑蛋氨酸及高含量的丁布是小麦近缘多年生野生物种抗蚜的重要生化因子.     

Effects of fosinopril,captopril and valsartan on the expressionof tissue factor in human monocytes

AIM: To investigate the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), fosinopril, captopril and angiotensin II AT₁ antagonists, valsartan on tissue factor (TF) expression on monocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Mononuclear leukocytes from normal delivered female umbilical veins were incubated with bacterial LPS in presence or absence of different ACE inhibitors .At the end of incubation, the cells were disrupted by 3 freeze-thaw cycles. TF procoagulant activity was assessed by a one-stage clotting assay. RT-PCR was used to check TF mRNA expression, and GAPDH mRNA was used for parallel assay. RESULTS and CONCLUSION: The results showed that increased expression of TF mRNA induced by LPS was inhibited by fosinopril, captopril and valsartan, respectively, and the procoagualant activity of monocytes was also reduced.