小型南瓜棚室高产栽培技术

南瓜品种类型多样,不同品种南瓜高产栽培技术不同,现就小型南瓜品种棚室高产栽培技术进行阐述.     

浅析我国植物检疫领域标准样品研究现状

本文介绍了标准样品研制工作在我国植物检疫领域的发展历程,梳理分析了已发布/立项标准样品的相关数据,结合作者单位在该领域研制标准样品实践经验,对植物检疫领域标准样品存在的问题进行了讨论,以供今后工作参考.     

新形势下纵深推进长汀水土流失治理的实践与探索

近年来,长汀县水土流失治理取得了关键性胜利,规模化成片治理基本结束.随着治理工作向纵深推进,显现出治理主体单一、流失斑块分散、治理资金不足、成效亮点不足以及治理成果巩固难等突出问题.为补齐治理短板,2019年以来,长汀县以项目化推进水土流失精准治理深层治理为抓手,强化工作举措,推动全县水土流失治理取得了决定性胜利,持续...     

Bioactive Properties of Peptides and Polysaccharides Derived from Peanut Worms: A Review

Peanut worms (Sipunculids) are unsegmented marine worms that usually inhabit shallow waters. Peanut worms are good source of bioactive compounds including peptides and polysaccharides. Many recent studies have investigated the bioactive properties of peptides and polysaccharides derived from peanut worms in order to enhance their applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. The peptides and polysaccharides isolated from peanut worms have been reported to possess anti-hypertensive, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-hypoxia and wound healing activities through the modulation of various molecular mechanisms. Most researchers used in vitro, cell culture and animal models for the determination of bioactivities of peanut worm derived compounds. However, studies in humans have not been performed considerably. Therefore, it is important to conduct more human studies for better utilization of marine bioactive compounds (peptides and polysaccharides) derived from peanut worms. This review mainly focuses on the bioactive properties of peptides and polysaccharides of peanut worms and their molecular mechanisms.     

Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Effects of Isaridin E Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus via Downregulating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway

Isaridin E, a cyclodepsipeptide isolated from the marine-derived fungus Amphichorda felina (syn. Beauveria felina) SYSU-MS7908, has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. Here, we first found that isaridin E concentration-dependently inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and secretion in vitro, but did not affect collagen- or thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Furthermore, isaridin E dose-dependently reduced thrombosis formation in an FeCl₃-induced mouse carotid model without increasing the bleeding time. Mechanistically, isaridin E significantly decreased the ADP-mediated phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. In conclusion, these results suggest that isaridin E exerts potent antithrombotic effects in vivo without increasing the risk of bleeding, which may be due to its important role in inhibiting ADP-induced platelet activation, secretion and aggregation via the PI3K/Akt pathways.     

软枣猕猴桃新品系—‘蜜玉’的选育

‘蜜玉’是从混合实生后代中筛选出的优良资源,经无性繁殖系统选育出的软枣猕猴桃新品系。果实椭圆形,果皮绿色,光滑无毛,平均单果重12.1 g。果肉绿色,可溶性固形22.5 %,总糖13.4 %,总酸1.06 %,维生素C1050.0 mg?kg-1。口感较甜,香气浓郁,抗寒、抗病能力较强。在吉林左家地区,6月中旬开花,9月初成熟。果实在常温条件下第7天开始软熟,低温（2～4℃）条件下第24天开始软熟。     

福州3个鲜食橄榄品种(系)的氨基酸组成与品质评价

为研究橄榄鲜食品种(系)的氨基酸组成和营养品质,试验以福州主栽的灵峰、闽清2号和清榄1号橄榄为材料进行氨基酸含量测定,并对其进行营养和品质风味评价。结果发现,灵峰的总氨基酸含量最高,达到20.078 mg.g_–1,而清榄1号的必需氨基酸含量最均衡。在各类氨基酸中,谷氨酸和天门冬氨酸为3种橄榄鲜食品种(系)的主要氨基酸,苏氨酸和赖氨酸的含量相对过剩,而甲硫氨酸和半胱氨酸可能为第一限制氨基酸;在橄榄特征风味形成过程中,组氨酸、丙氨酸和赖氨酸均会影响鲜食橄榄甜味的形成,精氨酸对苦味的形成存在较高的贡献率,天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸的大量存在可能是其鲜味形成的重要原因之一。此外,灵峰的药用氨基酸组分含量最多,达到13.94 mg.g_–1。研究认为,不同橄榄鲜食品种(系)的氨基酸营养和风味品质存在差异,而药用氨基酸可能是橄榄的重要功能成分之一。     

极小种群植物“川柿”生物学特性及种子萌发方法研究

摘 要：【目的】为了保护和发展极小种群植物川柿,开展此研究。【方法】采用观测法,连续3年对其生物学特性研究;种子萌发方法：（1）后熟0、30、45、60天,剥离清洗播种;（2）后熟60天,以GA300、600、1000 mg/L溶液浸种1h;播种基质为河沙（保持一定湿度）,放置室内,统计萌发时间和出苗率。【结果】（1）川柿花期4-5月,10月为果熟期,单果直径32.7±5.80mm,单果重23.0±5.30g;种子肾形、千粒重1070g;成年植株呈隔年开花、结果现象;（2）种子经“后熟+河沙播种”,可萌发,其中以后熟60天的出苗率较高,为65%;直接播种种子,出苗率5%;“后熟+GA溶液浸种+河沙播种”,出苗率均高于65%,其中以GA600mg/L浸泡1h处理,出苗率最高为83.3%。【结论】极小种群植物川柿为常绿叶乔木,有隔年开花、结果现象; “果后熟60天+GA600mg/L浸泡种子1h +室内河沙播种”可提高种子萌发率,为川柿种子繁殖提供参考。     

优质脆李新品种‘中李5号’的选育

‘中李5号’李是以‘青脆李’为母本经自然实生选育而成。该品种生长势较强,树姿半开张;在河南省郑州市观察,3月上旬进入初花期,3月中旬进入盛花期,花期持续约10 d;果实发育期约120 d,于7月中旬成熟;果实近圆形,果顶扁平,缝合线浅,平均单果重46.8 g,果皮呈黄绿色,不着红色,果面有明显果粉层;果肉呈浅黄色,肉质细腻、硬脆,汁液多,纤维少,风味酸甜,无香气;果实可溶性固形物含量15.8%,维生素C含量6.82 mg/100 g,可溶性糖含量9.62%,可滴定酸含量0.82%,可食率97.9%;该品种5年生树的株产可达32 kg以上,丰产能力较强,在河南及周边省市李树适生区均可栽植。     

基于形态性状和SSR标记的克氏原螯虾养殖群体遗传多样性分析

为客观评估广西南宁周边地区克氏原螯虾养殖群体的遗传多样性,采集来自南宁的3个克氏原螯虾群体——埃及群体（AJ）、良庆群体（LQ）和上林群体（SL）,以及湖北荆州（JZ）和江西湖口（HK）的群体各1个,采用形态学结合微卫星分子标记的方法分析其遗传多样性水平。形态分析结果显示,雌性群体的综合判别准确率为68.59%,雄性群体的综合判别准确率为73.60%;3个南宁群体（AJ,LQ,SL）与JZ群体聚为一类,3个南宁群体间具有较高的形态相似度。微卫星分析结果显示,AJ群体和LQ群体的遗传多样性最高,SL群体和HK群体次之;LQ群体与SL群体的遗传分化系数和遗传距离最小。结果表明广西南宁克氏原螯虾群体具有较高的遗传多样性,从国外引种或国内不同地理来源群体的杂交可能是提高克氏原螯虾群体遗传多样性的重要途径。