金边瑞香花芽形态分化研究

 金边瑞香花芽由顶芽发育而成，花芽分化包括花序分化和小花分化两个过程，分为未分化、开始分化、花序原基分化、小花原基分化、花瓣分化、雄蕊分化和雌蕊分化7个时期，分化的顺序是向心的；分化的临界期为5月中旬，分化时期长达7个月，花芽分化既持续又表现出两个分化高峰，还受温度等因素的影响。     

茎瘤芥新品种涪杂1号的选育

涪杂1号茎瘤芥母本是胞质雄性不育系96118-3A,父本是优良的茎瘤芥自交系920154。该一代杂种从出苗至现蕾150～155 d(天),属中熟类型。瘤茎近圆球形,加工性能好,品质优,适于四川盆地茎瘤芥产区种植,一般每667 m2产量2 500—3 000 kg,最高可达4 000 kg。     

大豆疫病的种子处理技术研究

本试验用不同浓度的瑞毒锰锌、杀毒矾和克露进行大豆种子处理试验，结果表明，５００ｐｐｍ瑞毒锰锌对大豆疫病具有很好的治疗作用，而用杀毒矾以种子重量０．４—０．５％的剂量闷种，能显著地抑制大豆疫霉菌的侵入     

Neurospora crassa对三唑醇的抗药性分子机制研究

 通过紫外光诱变获得Neurospora crassa对三唑醇杀菌剂抗性突变体"Nc70"。用2.5μg/ml三唑醇处理,突变体内甲基甾醇与脱甲基甾醇比例变化幅度远远小于亲本敏感菌株"STA"。突变体对三唑醇的吸收能力与敏感菌株相似,但药剂在体细胞内积累较少。三唑醇处理N.crassa 2 h后,药剂在菌体内的含量趋向稳定,突变体内的药量较敏感菌体低56.1%,而麦角甾醇合成量则高于敏感菌株53.7%。     

银条茎尖培养快繁及离体根状茎的诱导

 以银条‘二细一粗’品种为试材, 研究了蔗糖浓度、激素组合对茎尖培养和快速繁殖的影响及温度、光照、蔗糖浓度等因素对根状茎离体诱导的影响。结果表明: 茎尖培养较理想的培养基为MS + 蔗糖4 % + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} + NAA 0.1 mg·L ^{- 1} , 成苗率可达74.0 %。茎尖增殖较适培养基为MS + 6-BA 3.0 mg·L ^{- 1} + NAA 0.5 mg·L ^{- 1} , 每个外植体平均可产生5.6 个芽。根状茎诱导以MS + 蔗糖10 % + 6-BA 510 mg·L ^{- 1}+ CCC 500 mg·L ^{- 1}培养基, 20 ℃全黑暗培养效果最好。     

不同施氮量对甜椒碳、氮营养分配的影响

 通过水培试验，利用 N和”C双示踪技术研究了不同施氮量对甜椒结果期碳、氮营养分配的影响 结果表明：结果前期吸收的 N在低氮(NO3一N 2．5 mol·L～，NH4+一N 0．25 mol·L )营养处理下分配于果实中的比率高于中氮(NO；一N 5．0 mol·L～，NH —N 0．5 mol·L )和高氮(NO；一N 11．0 mol‘L～，NH4+一N 1．0 mol·L )营养处理。氮水平制约着 N在各器官中的分配和再运转，很少影响”C在器官间的分配，但却制约着”C的运转和再分配，表现为中氮营养最有利于 C向果实中的再运转。碳氮营养平衡有利于碳素向生殖器官的运转和积累，这是低氮营养产量前高后低，高氮营养产量前低后高，中氮营养前后期产量均较高的根本原因。     

苹果早熟新品种‘早翠绿’选育

早翠绿是以辽伏为母本,岱绿为父本杂交育成的早熟苹果新品种。果实圆形或圆锥形,平均单果重151.3g,最大204g,7月中下旬成熟,果皮绿色,肉质细脆汁多,酸甜适口,香味浓,较耐贮藏,早果,丰产。     

显齿蛇葡萄新品种——绿凤

 从中国鄂西地区生长的显齿蛇葡萄植株中选育出优良无性系‘绿凤’, 其叶含总黄酮12.9 % ,总氨基酸16.7 % , 总糖6.92 % , 维生素E 60.1 mg/ kg , 用其叶加工饮品具有保健作用。     

Functional heterogeneity in resources within landscapes and herbivore population dynamics

Large mammalian herbivores are notorious for their propensity towards population irruptions and crashes, yet many herbivore populations remain relatively stable. I explore how resource heterogeneity within landscapes dampens population instability, using a metaphysiological modelling approach considering patch state distributions. Resource heterogeneity is functionally stabilizing through spreading consumption away from preferred resources before these become critically depleted. Lower-quality resources act as a buffer against starvation during critical periods of the seasonal cycle. Enriching resource quality is destabilizing, even if patch diversity is maintained, because food quantity then becomes the limitation. The potential consequences of landscape fragmentation are explored using the Serengeti ecosystem, characterised by broadscale resource gradients, as a hypothetical example. Further insights provided by the model are illustrated with specific examples concerning the effects of patch scales and waterpoint distribution. A metaphysiological modelling approach enables the basic consequences of landscape heterogeneity to be distinguished from further effects that may arise from specific patch scales and configurations, without the distracting detail of spatially explicit models.     

Validation of the specificity and sensitivity of species-specific primers that provide a reliable molecular diagnostic for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xiphinema diversicaudatum</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">X. index</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">X. vuittenezi</Emphasis>

Xiphinema diversicaudatum and X. index are vector nematode species of economic importance in viticulture regions as they can transmit Arabis Mosaic, Grapevine Fanleaf and Strawberry Latent Ringspot viruses to grapevine. Wang et al. (2003) designed species-specific diagnostic primers from ribosomal genes for both these vector species as well as a vector and a non-vector species X. italiae and X. vuittenezi, respectively. Our study aimed to confirm the specificity and determine the sensitivity and reliability of the primers for the two vector species, X. diversicaudatumand X. indexwhen challenged with closely related longidorid species and general nematode communities typical of vineyard soil. With one exception, no PCR product was observed when the primers were tested against six Longidorus, one Paralongidorus and one Xiphinema non-target species. Occasionally (three out of eight replicate PCR reactions) a weak PCR product was noted when primers for X. index were tested with L. elongatus. Furthermore, when challenged with a range of non-target nematode species comprising the nematode community typical of viticulture soil, no PCR product was amplified. An experimental dilution series of extracted DNA rigorously demonstrated that DNA from an equivalent single specimen of the target virus-vector species, X. diversicaudatum and/or X. index, could be detected amongst 1000 equivalent non-targetX. vuittenezi. Also, extracted DNA from an equivalent single target specimen was detected when added to DNA extracted from the overall soil nematode community. The primers were assessed further by using serial mixtures of actual nematodes rather than extracted DNA to simulate field soil. Using this method, a single target nematode could be detected amongst 200 non-target specimens. Given their specificity, sensitivity and reliability, it appears that these diagnostic primers will be of great benefit to phytosanitary/quarantine services related to the viticulture industry.