胶孢炭疽菌及两种疫霉菌对苯酰菌胺的敏感性与

选择对多菌灵、乙霉威和苯酰菌胺具有不同敏感性的胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides、辣椒疫霉菌Phytophthora capsici及恶疫霉菌P. cactorum,分析其β-微管蛋白氨基酸突变与敏感性的关系。结果表明,胶孢炭疽菌对苯酰菌胺、多菌灵和乙霉威的敏感性与β-微管蛋白198位或200位氨基酸突变有关：对多菌灵敏感,对苯酰菌胺和乙霉威不敏感的胶孢炭疽菌β-微管蛋白氨基酸198位为谷氨酸（E）,200位为苯丙氨酸（F）;对多菌灵已产生抗性而对苯酰菌胺和乙霉威不敏感的菌株,其氨基酸200位由苯丙氨酸（F）突变为了酪氨酸（Y）;对多菌灵高抗,对苯酰菌胺和乙霉威敏感的菌株其氨基酸198位由谷氨酸（E）突变为了丙氨酸（A）。辣椒疫霉菌和恶疫霉菌对苯酰菌胺敏感,对多菌灵和乙霉威均不敏感。检测疫霉菌菌株β-微管蛋白未发现氨基酸突变,但发现其β-微管蛋白氨基酸在196~200位与胶孢炭疽菌差异较大,这可能是导致苯酰菌胺仅对疫霉菌有抑制效果的原因。     

Adsorption removal of 17α ethynylestradiol by wool fiber in the tertiary treatment of wastewater

17α ethynylestradiol (EE2) is the strongest estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemical, and it is hardly biodegradable. It can be removed by adsorption due to its hydrophobic property. The absorptive removal of EE2 is comparatively studied by pumping EE2 solution(5.0 μg/L) into upstream reactors, packed with granular activated carbon (GAC), manganese oxide (MnO2) and wool fiber respectively. The GAC reactor removes 99.8% EE2 without breakthrough, and the breakthrough in the MnO2 reactor happens after 8 days. Although the absorbability of wool fiber is higher than MnO2, the breakthrough in the wool fiber reactor happens after 12 hours. This lies in that the bulk density of wool fiber (10~20 kg/m3) is lower than that of MnO2 (1 900~2 000 kg/m3). A practically used wool fiber reactor may take more time to breakthrough due to the approximately three orders of magnitude lower EE2 concentration in the secondary effluent than that in these experiments, which is proved by the following pilot scale experiments.     

汉阳陵生态修复景观规划

在汉阳陵大遗址保护与利用的指导思想下,根据汉阳陵现有地形地貌,依据遗址公园规划建设要求和旅游心理等,对汉阳陵进行生态修复景观规划,旨在把汉阳陵博物苑建成西安城郊的综合性汉文化旅游景区。     

黑龙江省春大豆种质资源芽期抗旱鉴定与筛选

利用水分胁迫溶剂聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)20%浓度对黑龙江省主推品种抗线号、黑河号、黑农号、绥农号、合丰号、垦豆号、垦丰号等78份材料进行芽期抗旱鉴定,并调查和计算相对发芽率。结果表明:耐旱品种有黑河53、合丰45、合丰48、绥农22、绥农30;较耐旱品种有抗线7号、黑河46、黑河52、黑农53、黑农62、黑农65、龙小粒豆1号、龙小粒豆2号、合丰47、垦豆25、垦豆26、绥农10、绥农15、绥农28、垦丰10、垦丰11、垦丰13、垦丰17。     

水稻插秧机侧深施肥技术及装置的研究

主要是针对我省水稻生产过程中施肥环节一直沿用人工手撒浅表性施肥而存在:施肥量大,且肥料在田间分布不均匀,水稻秧苗吸肥量不一致,造成水稻长势、高矮、结穗大小差异很大,直接影响水稻产量;表面施肥损失大,利用率降低,水稻生产过程用肥成本高;随着生产过程排水,含有肥料的水体排入江河,严重污染生产、生活用水;农民劳动强度大等问题。为了解决施肥不能够定位、定量、均匀、可靠的这一项技术难题,而研发的水田插秧侧深施肥装置。首创水稻插秧侧深施肥由动力驱动螺旋搅龙强制推动颗粒肥进行侧深施肥的方法及装置。主要介绍了该装置的结构特点、主要部件的设计、工作原理及试验情况,为水稻插秧侧深施肥技术的研究提供参考。     

美国公理会与民国保定乡村建设述论

在二十世纪二三十年代中国开展的乡村建设运动中,除以往被学界重视的民间乡建团体外,关注较少的近代来华传教团体也起了非常重要的作用,尤其是在乡建开展较为出色的保定地区,美国公理会可谓翘楚。该会针对保定乡村落后的现状,在此开办平民学校,推广农业改良并提倡农业教育。这些乡村建设活动虽然带有宗教性的功利动机,在开展过程中也遇到了世俗与宗教相冲突的两难境地,但在部分地区的确改进了民众的生活水平,一定程度上缓解了当地乡村社会面貌。     

Meat Science and Muscle Biology Symposium: stem cell niche and postnatal muscle growth

Stem cell niche plays a critical role in regulating the behavior and function of adult stem cells that underlie tissue growth, maintenance, and regeneration. In the skeletal muscle, stem cells, called satellite cells, contribute to postnatal muscle growth and hypertrophy, and thus, meat production in agricultural animals. Satellite cells are located adjacent to mature muscle fibers underneath a sheath of basal lamina. Microenvironmental signals from extracellular matrix mediated by the basal lamina and from the host myofiber both impinge on satellite cells to regulate their activity. Furthermore, several types of muscle interstitial cells, including intramuscular preadipocytes and connective tissue fibroblasts, have recently been shown to interact with satellite cells and actively regulate the growth and regeneration of postnatal skeletal muscles. From this regard, interstitial adipogenic cells are not only important for marbling and meat quality, but also represent an additional cellular component of the satellite cell niche. At the molecular level, these interstitial cells may interact with satellite cells through cell surface ligands, such as delta-like 1 homolog (Dlk1) protein whose overexpression is thought to be responsible for muscle hypertrophy in callipyge sheep. In fact, extracellular Dlk1 protein has been shown to promote the myogenic differentiation of satellite cells. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms within the stem cell niche that regulate satellite cell differentiation and maintain muscle homeostasis may lead to promising approaches to optimizing muscle growth and composition, thus improving meat production and quality.     

红哺鸡竹丛生芽诱导的初步研究

以红哺鸡竹为材料，以MS为基本培养基，通过对外植体不同的消毒方法和防褐变处理，附加不同种类和浓度的植物生长调节物质诱导丛生芽。结果表明：红哺鸡竹带芽节段最佳消毒方式是75％酒精浸泡30s，用0．1％升汞处理6min。红哺鸡竹丛生芽诱导的最佳培养基是：MS＋6-BA（5mg／L）＋TDZ（0．1mg／L）。在培养基中加入PVP（1g／L）有明显的防褐变效果，外植体在半胱氨酸（100mg／L）溶液浸泡30min以及暗培养能有效降低褐化率。     

2次结实板栗高接换种试验初报

选用优良板栗新品系－２次结实板栗对５年生低产栗园进行多头高接改造，采取造时抹芽摘心，病虫防治，深翻改土，合理修剪等综合技术措施，其嫁接茬成活率达１００％，接穗成活率达９６％，高接换种后栗园，当年改接当年挂果，每公顷产量第１年达２０６．２５ｋｇ，第２年则高达９８１ｋｇ，是原栗园（末改接）的５．１倍，且２次坚果商品价值均较高，经济效益显著。     

鸡α-干扰素注射液对肉鸡生长性能的影响

本实验旨在研究鸡α-干扰素注射液对肉鸡生长性能的影响。实验表明,鸡α-干扰素注射液可显著提高肉鸡的生产性能,最佳剂量为1.0万IU。