NaCl和Na2CO3胁迫对盐爪爪种子萌发过程中生理生化变化的研究

以盐生植物盐爪爪种子为材料,比较不同浓度中性盐(NaCl)和碱性盐(Na2 CO3)胁迫对其种子萌发过程中生理指标的影响.结果表明,0～100 mmol/L NaC1处理后盐爪爪萌发种子中丙二醛含量无显著变化,而0～100 mmol/L Na2CO3处理后丙二醛含量显著升高;NaCl处理的萌发种子中可溶性糖变化较平稳且呈现上升趋势,Na2CO3处理的种子可溶性糖先升高后降低;0～ 100 mmol/L NaCl处理后盐爪爪萌发种子中脯氨酸含量基本保持不变,而0～100 mmol/L Na2CO3处理后脯氨酸含量急剧上升;NaCl处理后可溶性蛋白上升幅度大于Na2CO3处理后上升幅度,二者的差异达到极显著水平.研究发现,盐爪爪种子萌发对于低浓度中性盐(NaCl)胁迫具有较强的耐性和抗性,而在碱性盐(Na2CO3)的胁迫下其萌芽受到一定的抑制.     

Early-warning Indicators of Acidification in the Single-phase Anaerobic Digestion Process for Food Wastes

The commonly used indicators are often too slow to reflect the operating status in time.Confronted with lacking reliable early-warning indices in the single-phase anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste which is easy to decay,lab-scale experiments of start-up and continuous operation process of anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste were carried out in the single-phase anaerobic reactor which is self-designed under mesophilic conditions.Those values which reflect the capacity of acidity-basicity resistance,including the ratio of bicarbonate alkalinity to total alkalinity (BA/TA),absolute testing value of volatile fatty acid (VFA) and the ratio of total concentration for volatile fatty acid to bicarbonate alkalinity (VFA/BA),are determinated to be the early-warning indices for acidification and imbalance of single-phase anaerobic digestion for kitchen waste.It is considered that,when VFA/BA＞0.8,BA/TA＜0.4 and VFA＞3000mg/L,buffering capacity of the system is very poor,and the system might be out of control.Therefore,an immediately steps must be taken.While,when BA/TA≥0.7~0.8 and VFA/BA＜0.4,the alkalinity of system is relatively better and the process can be operated with higher organic volumetric loading,which can raise the biogas-producing efficiency and get economic benefit.     

水分含量对玉米淀粉颗粒结晶度的影响

 应用X-射线衍射方法对不同水分含量的玉米淀粉颗粒的结晶度进行了研究。只有在玻璃态情况下,淀粉的无定型区域才产生X-射线衍射图样,衍射峰的强度、面积在某种程度上依赖于淀粉的含水量。玉米淀粉颗粒的X-射线衍射图形是由两部分组成的:微晶区域和无定型区域。随着水分含量的增加,样品的结晶度从小到大,并达到一个平衡值(约45%)。室温下,当水分含量处于低水平时(小于11.25%),玉米淀粉颗粒中的无定型区域处于玻璃态,衍射图形显示的是微晶区域和无定型区域两部分的衍射图形的综合。当水分含量处于较高水平时(大于18.55%),淀粉颗粒中的无定型区域处于橡胶态,其X-射线衍射图形仅由微晶区域形成。在较低水分含量时(小于18.55%),由于塑化作用的影响,增大含水量会导致更多的微晶的形成。当水分含量超过18.55%之后,再增大水分,就会导致微晶片层和剩余的无定型片层的同时分解。     

基于径向基神经网络的水轮机组故障诊断研究

针对传统意义的BP(B ack-P ropagated)神经网络在水轮机故障诊断中的不足,提出了一种基于径向基RBF(R ad ia l bas is function)神经网络的水轮机组故障诊断方法。实例应用表明,该方法克服了BP神经网络的不足,具有精度高、收敛快、可以避免局部极小值的优点;RBF神经网络收敛速度约是BP神经网络的40倍,并能准确地诊断出水轮机组的故障。     

NDVF基因和胸腺五肽基因真核共表达质粒的构建及其免疫原性检测

为了研究胸腺五肽基因的免疫增强作用,根据GenBank收录的新城疫病毒(NDV) F基因序列,设计1对特异性引物,其中上游引物含有胸腺五肽(Thymopentin,TP-5)的基因序列。以NDV Z株F基因的重组质粒为模板进行PCR扩增,扩增产物与真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/V5-His-TOPO重组,构建了真核共表达质粒pcDNATP-5NDVZF。将重组质粒pcDNATP-5NDVZF、pcDNANDVZF分别以100μg/只的剂量免疫小鼠,用间接ELISA法和MTT法检测其免疫原性。结果表明,重组质粒均能在小鼠体内诱导相应的体液免疫和细胞免疫,其中pcDNATP-5NDVZF的作用较pcDNANDVZF更为显著。说明共表达胸腺五肽基因可增强机体对DNA疫苗的免疫反应。     

Allelic Variation of Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 in Chinese Released Wheat Varieties in the Last 50 Years

The high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) components from about 85 varieties were fractionated by SDS-PAGE, including 22 corner stone breeding parents, 45 varieties taking important role in Chinese wheat production and 18 varieties with good bread making quality. The 22 corner stone breeding lines carry either null (c) or 1 (a) subunits on Glu-A1 loci. Five types are detected on Glu-B1, which are 7+8(b), 7+9 (c), 14+15 (h), 17+18 (i), 6+8 (d). 7+8 and 7+9 are the two major types. Six types have been detected on Glu-D1, which are 2 + 12 (a), 2 + 10 (e), 5 + 10 (d), 4+ 10 (j), 4 + 12 (c), 2 + 11 (g). 2 + 12 and 2 + 11 are the two major types. In the corner stone breeding lines, early premium from American carries 5 + 10, St2422/464 from Italy carries the 14 + 15. In addition, two relatively essential varieties, Mara and Alondra carry 5 + 10. In the 45 commercialized varieties, sowed more than 666 000 ha (10 million mu) annually, only Yangmai 5 conveys the 5 + 10 on Glu-D1, and Xiaoyan 6 and Yumai 7 carry the 14 + 15 on Glu-B1. Four varieties, Funo, Nongda 139, Zhengzhou 683 and Fan 6 convey the 17 + 18 on Glu-B1. The 18 bread wheat varieties recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1992 could be classified into two groups, 5 + 10 and 14 + 15. Zhongzuo 8131 and its selections are the typical genotype of 5 + 10. Genes coding the two subunits are from either Yecora F-70 or IRN68-181. Xiaoyan 6 and its derivative varieties are the typical genotype of 14 + 15. The genes coding 17 + 18 subunits in Chinese varieties were derived from Funo or its selections. These results basically reflect allelic changes on Glu-1 in Chinese wheatvarieties in the past 50 years. It is also proven that HMW-GS components may have great diversity betweenlines from the same cross, which causes great difference on baking quality.     

香蜂花茎节丛生芽诱导及快速繁殖技术研究

以香蜂花茎段为外植体,MS为基本培养基,设计不同浓度的6-BA、NAAI、BA等单因子和不同比例的细胞分裂素和细胞生长素组合试验。结果表明:适宜不定芽诱导分化的培养基为MS 6-BA 2.5 mg/L NAA 0.2 mg/L;适宜诱导生根的培养基为1/2MS IBA 2.0 mg/L。     

基于CORBA的并行海量数据处理系统的研究

中间件技术正成为构建大规模信息系统的热门技术，针对海量信息系统中数据规模大．数据加载速度要求高，查询处理耗时多的特点，构建了一个海量信息事务处理系统，实现了数据的并行加蕺和并行查询．谈系统基于分布对象计算技术CORBA（Common Object Request Broker Architecture）平台实现．具有高效、平台无关和在线可扩展等特点．     

李垄沟集水种植对土壤有效蓄水量及谷子生长、光合特性的影响

以谷子为供试材料,在半干旱偏旱区研究了不同垄沟集水带型对土壤有效蓄水量、不同生育阶段生长量、生长速率和植株光合系统各特征值的影响.结果表明,垄沟集水种植方式蓄水作用效果明显,其中以垄沟比60∶60带型效果最好;谷子垄沟集水种植主要经济性状指标值均较露地种植对照(CK)高,平均穗长、小穗数和穗粒重分别较对照增加3.9～5.4 cm、9.8～16.8个和5.20～5.25 g;垄沟集水种植谷子的叶片光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Rs)和水分生产效率(WUE)值分别较露地种植(CK)提高31.83%,42.62%,24.50%和9.6%.     

北方杂草稻出苗特性的研究

以43份北方杂草稻为试材,栽培稻秋光为对照,对北方杂草稻的出苗动力及其与出苗率、秧苗素质的关系进行了研究.结果表明:杂草稻的耐深播性强于秋光.在覆土3 cm条件下,杂草稻的出苗动力主要源于中胚轴的伸长.在覆土5 cm条件下,大部分杂草稻的芽鞘节间也发生伸长,与中胚轴共同成为出苗动力.中胚轴长度与出苗率及秧苗素质的相关性随覆土深度的增加而加大.杂草稻有较强的耐深播性,但不同材料间仍有较大差异.随着覆土深度的增加,中胚轴的伸长对提高出苗率及秧苗素质有显著的作用.