清洁疏浚物掩埋对两种底栖生物存活的影响

为研究不同粒度疏浚物掩埋对于海洋底栖生物的致死效应影响,采用长江口地区的疏浚物模拟不同粒度、不同厚度掩埋菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)以及双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis),并研究其存活情况。结果表明:菲律宾蛤仔和双齿围沙蚕掩埋后为了生存表现出垂直迁移行为,不同粒度疏浚物掩埋深度在一定范围内与菲律宾蛤仔的死亡率之间有显著的正相关关系;粒度为63~125μm时,菲律宾蛤仔96 hLC50为6.8 cm(95%置信区间为2.8~10.7 cm);粒度为63μm以下时,菲律宾蛤仔96 h-LC50为11.1 cm(95%置信区间为4.2~18.0 cm);而掩埋深度与双齿围沙蚕死亡率之间没有显著相关关系。实验结果表明不同粒度疏浚物掩埋对于不同底栖生物致死效应不同。     

帕拉英达芒果叶片养分变化规律及营养诊断

[目的]分析帕拉英达芒果叶片养分含量的变化规律,为确定芒果营养诊断指标及指导其科学施肥提供参考依据.[方法]选择云南保山地区管理规范且高产芒果园中长势正常的帕拉英达芒果树进行随机采样,分析第1蓬叶中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁和硫6种养分含量,根据各养分含量的年离均差、变异系数和年份间稳定性,确定进行叶片养分诊断的适宜采样时期和诊断指标.[结果]帕拉英达芒果叶片中氮、钙、镁和硫含量在2013~2015年的1月变异系数最小,分别为9.46%、22.76%、1.84%和3.58%,1月适宜作为帕拉英达芒果叶片营养诊断的采样时间,其营养诊断指标为:氮含量12.68~15.34 g/kg,磷含量1.05~1.19 g/kg,钾含量4.88~8.92 g/kg,钙含量14.10~22.40 g/kg,镁含量2.13~2.21 g/kg,硫含量1.24~1.34 g/kg.[结论]在云南保山地区,宜在每年1月采集第1蓬叶进行帕拉英达芒果叶片营养诊断.     

巴西橡胶树Profilin基因克隆及生物信息学分析

为了研究橡胶树中Profilin 蛋白的功能,利用橡胶树Profilin 基因部分已知序列设计引物,采用 3′-RACE技术获得Profilin 基因完整开放阅读框,该基因编码131 个氨基酸,含有一个保守的PROF结构域。在HbPro1 蛋白中没有预测到跨膜区和信号肽,二级结构分析表明HbPro1 属于混合型蛋白。对 25 个Profilin 蛋白系统进化分析表明,HbPro1 在进化上具有保守性,属植物类Profilin 蛋白家族。 HbPro1 基因的克隆和生物信息学分析为深入研究其功能奠定了基础。     

利用SCoT对甜菜种质资源的鉴定及遗传多样性分析

为了研究SCoT分子标记技术对甜菜种质资源鉴定的可行性。利用80条SCoT引物对48份甜菜种质资源进行鉴别,同时对种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析和亲缘关系的鉴定。结果表明,80条SCoT引物中有6条能够扩增出清晰、且多态性高的条带,分别为SCoT1、SCoT12、SCoT13、SCoT14、SCoT17和SCoT23,其中引物SCoT1、SCoT12、SCoT14和SCoT23单独使用均可鉴别全部的48份种质资源,引物SCoT13和SCoT17共同使用可以鉴别48个种质资源;聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离0.15处,95.8%的种质资源均聚为一类,从分子角度上表明甜菜种质资源遗传距离较小。本研究为利用SCoT分子标记技术鉴别甜菜种质资源、对种质资源进行亲缘关系鉴定、杂交组合亲本选配以及分子标记辅助育种等提供相关科学依据。     

The Construction Strategy of Small Towns Based on Ecological Concept

Based on the perspective of ecological concept,this study first interpreted the background of ecological civilization construction,and combed the relationship between ecological concept and small town planning.Second,it expounded the ecological problems of natural resources,economic development,landscape system,social humanities and other aspects in the construction of contemporary small towns.According to the study,the construction of small towns based on the ecological concept should establish the concept of "ecology first",practice "multiple compliance",coordinate the relationship with other planning,make reasonable planning and design in the aspects of town scale,functional orientation,structural form,road traffic,landscape style and features,humanistic characteristics,and strengthen the implementation,supervision and management of planning.Finally,summary and outlook was made,hoping that the study will be of reference value and guidance to the planning and construction of small towns.     

A Study on the Model of Surface Storm-Water Runoff at Urban Gully

On the assumption that the runoff on the catchment of each gully flows into the gully itself, in this paper, a model of surface storm-water runoff at urban gully is presented, which includes runoff sub-model and concentration sub-model.The runoff sub-model describes the rainfall event with instantaneous rainfall intensity, the runoff-generated event with runoff coefficient of integrative area and the runoff converged event with the principle of equal time of flowage.The concentration sub-model shows that the pollutant concentration event only changes with the runoff event at the gully.In this paper, the concrete form of the model for two gully inlets in Shapingba District of Chongqing is given.The model is calibrated with the data from the synchronized measurements of water quantity and quality at the two gully inlets obtained from July to September 2000.The relative error is calculated by comparing the model predictions with the field-measured results.     

Comprehensive Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Rebar Corrosion in Concrete

The corrosion rate of steel in concrete is highly dependent on the heterogeneous structure of the concrete and the environmental exposure conditions. Temperature and relative humidity are two important environmental factors that simultaneously influence the corrosion process and cannot be separated or isolated from each other. The interaction of temperature and relative humidity for characterizing the corrosion rate has been sufficiently studied. The resules show that the higher the temperature is, the greater the relative humidity is when rebar corrosion rate reaches the max, and as to different relative humidity, the increasing extent of rebar corrosion rate with rise in temperature is different.     

Effects of different preparation methods onphotocatalytic activity of Fe3+/TiO2

Two kinds of Fe3+/TiO2 catalysts are prepared by Sol-gel method and hydrolysis method. XRD, UV-Vis, BET, curves of N 2 adsorption-desorption and 3D fluorescence are used to analyze the structures and properties of the catalysts, and their photocatalytic activities are investigated through degradation of DBP. The results show that two kinds of catalysts are anatase TiO 2. The band gap of the Fe3+/TiO 2 catalysts prepared by Sol-gel and hydrolysis method are 2.6 eV and 3.2 eV respectively, and the former with an absorption edge at 477 nm, while the latter with no redshift. The curves of N 2 adsorption-desorption of the Fe3+/TiO 2 catalysts prepared by Sol-gel and hydrolysis method are type Ⅳ and Ⅴ, their BET specific surface areas are 57.03 m2/g and 10.94 m2/g, and the hysteresis loop of the latter shifts to the high relative pressure region with a smaller pore volume and a bigger average pore diameter. Two kinds of catalysts can reduce photoluminescence properties of TiO 2 at various degrees, and the catalyst prepared by Sol-gel method shows a weaker photoluminescence property. The results of degradation experiment show the degradation rate of DBP by catalyst prepared by Sol-gel method and hydrolysis method are 60.53% and 31.83% respectively after 2 h.     

流式细胞术(FCM)在贝类倍性检测中的应用

对某种生物来说,体内细胞核内所含的ＤＮＡ量总是一定的。利用流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）可在短时间内准确测出细胞中ＤＮＡ的含量,鉴别有机体的倍性。作者系统地介绍了用流式细胞仪检测鲍鱼、牡蛎、扇贝等经济贝类倍性的方法,包括机械法、化学法、抽取血液法及固定贝样的制备法等。另外,还报道了实验中新发现的一些现象,如牡蛎嵌合体及诱导过程中的非整倍体等。     

仿刺参3个地理群体ITS1序列变异及系统发生分析

利用核糖体DNA第一内转录间隔区(Internal transcribed spacer 1, ITS1)序列,对中国大连(CD)、朝鲜罗津( KN)和俄罗斯海参崴( RV)仿刺参Apostichopus japonicus 3个群体的遗传结构进行分析。结果表明：经PCR扩增、克隆测序,获得长度为517~519 bp、524 bp两种类型的ITS1核苷酸序列,平均G+C含量(64.5%)显著高于A+T含量(35.5%);在仿刺参30个个体61条序列中共检测到49个变异位点,多态位点比例为9.33%,其中有4个简约信息位点,共有40种基因型,群体共享基因型为2个;遗传多样性分析表明,3个群体的遗传多样性丰富;分子方差分析显示,88.65%的变异来自于群体内部,群体间遗传分化较弱或中度分化;根据群体间遗传距离进行的聚类分析发现, KN群体与RV群体的亲缘关系较近, CD群体与KN、 RV群体的亲缘关系较远。