The detection of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in cattle and buffalo in China

“Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” is a hemoplasma species found in cattle and has been recently reported in Switzerland and Japan. In this study, “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” was shown to occur in cattle and buffalo in tropical China by PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene from blood samples. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, a specific PCR assay was developed. Occurrence of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in cattle and buffalo in Guangxi, China, was determined by examining 25 buffalo blood samples, 12 yellow cattle blood samples and 42 dairy cow blood samples. The results showed that 32% (8/25) of buffalo, 41.7% (5/12) of yellow cattle, and 14.3% (6/42) of dairy cows were positive for “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos”, respectively. Direct sequencing of representative PCR products confirmed that the amplified partial 16S rDNA sequence represented “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos”. This is the first report of “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos” in buffalo, yellow cattle, and dairy cows in China.     

Progresses on Personalized Nutritional Evaluation and Recommendation

Health is maintained by a state of dynamic homeostasis in which nutrient intake and ex- penditure are of good balance. Therefore, it is important to know exactly the nutritional value of food sources, as well as the nutritional requirements of individuals, in order to achieve optimal nutrition. Considering the interaction between diet and individual back- ground, nutritional evaluation and recommendation has become a complicate issue needing further investigations. While traditional nutrition research has made significant progress in population nutrition, modern nutrition research is now becoming possible to focus on personalized nutrition in health promotion, disease prevention, performance improvement, and risk assessment of individual with the development of emerging omics technologies. This review tried to summarize the methods used in nutritional evaluation and recom- mendation as well as their applications. Though personal nutrition evaluation and recommendation are still not well-established, utilization of these advanced technologies may expand our knowledge in bioavailability and bioefficacy of diet ingredients, pathophysiological changes in response to dietary intervention, as well as nutrition-associated disease biomarkers discovery, and thus contributing to personalized nutrition.     

六味地黄汤及其君药对小鼠免疫调节作用的影响

为探讨六味地黄汤和地黄对小鼠免疫功能的影响,分别给小鼠灌服高、低剂量的六味地黄汤复方和地黄水提液,测定小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾重量,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能及血液中白细胞和红细胞数。结果表明,试验组小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾脏重量、血液中淋巴细胞数和红细胞数增加,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能增强。提示高剂量的六味地黄汤复方和地黄均可增强小鼠机体的免疫功能,且六味地黄汤复方的效果优于地黄。     

促黄体素对牛卵母细胞体外核成熟的影响

为了研究促黄体素(luteinizing hormone,LH)在牛卵母细胞成熟培养体系中的时间依从性,试验通过向牛卵母细胞体外成熟培养的不同时间段添加LH来观察其核成熟的情况。首先用无LH的基础成熟液I和添加LH的成熟液Ⅱ分别培养,在成熟的不同时间点(3、6、9h)用醋酸地衣红染色观察各自的生发泡破裂率。然后在体外成熟培养的不同时间段(0～3、0～6、0～9、0～24h)添加LH,24h后统计各自的第一极体率。结果表明,添加LH组在6h的生发泡破裂率显著低于对照1组(P0.05),24h添加LH组的第一极体率显著高于对照2组(P0.05)。因此,添加LH能延迟牛卵母细胞的核成熟,成熟培养中24h全程添加LH较不添加组能显著提高核成熟率。     

A2a基因敲除小鼠生物学特性的初步研究

为了解A2a基因敲除小鼠的生物学物性,给研究心血管疾病及神经疾病提供部分基础资料,试验采用全自动生化分析仪及血细胞分析仪分别对60日龄C57BL/6、A2a雌雄小鼠的常用血液学指标及生化指标值进行检测,并测定了各小鼠的脏器。结果:C57BL/6和A2a小鼠血液的血小板计数、红细胞分布宽度差异显著(P0.05)。C57BL/6和A2a小鼠的丙氨酸转氨酶、肌酸激酶差异显著(P0.05),乳酸脱氢酶差异极显著(P0.01),脏器系数无显著差异(P0.05)。     

桉树无性系的单板出材率与价值研究

为了系统深入地对单板出材率和价值的影响因素进行研究,以11个6年生桉树无性系为材料,使用无损检测仪器Pilodyn和Fakopp测定立木的外部密度和应力波传输速度,用轴向生长应变仪器CIRAD-ForestMethod测定立木生长应力,结合对原木外观形质的检测和单板质量等级的划分,运用差异性分析、相关分析及多元逐步回归分析。结果表明,无性系间立木的材性性状,原木形质中的小头最小直径、弯曲度和端裂指数存在显著差异。节疤,尤其死节(孔洞)、裂缝是降低单板等级的主要因素。无性系间单板出材率和价值存在显著差异,其中出材率(%)从大到小排序为:GL₉(48.27),EC₃₄(47.17),LH₁(44.00),DH_32-22(42.00),GL₄(37.56),SH₇(34.88),UC_184-1(34.38),LH₅(31.06),M₁(29.74),DH_201-2(25.41),SG₁(16.28),最大是最小的2.97倍;单段原木价值(RMB/log)从高到低排序为:EC₃₄(13.37),GL₉(13.12),GL₄(12.36),LH₁(12.02),DH_32-22(11.55),LH₅(10.72),SH₇(9.22),UC_184-1(7.95),M₁(7.55),DH_201-2(5.97),SG₁(4.88),最高是最低的2.74倍;单位材积价值(RMB/m³)从高到低排序为:EC₃₄(856.49),LH₁(794.55),GL₉(788.68),DH_32-22(763.02),GL₄(681.44),SH₇(629.35),UC_184-1(597.66),LH₅(559.08),M₁(538.39),DH_201-2(450.49),SG₁(294.53),最高是最低的2.91倍。5个品种的无性系作为胶合板用材,尾巨桉无性系价值最高。原木弯曲度是影响单板出材率和价值的主要因素,木材密度、小头直径、应力波传输速度及端裂指数等对其也有显著影响。无损检测仪器Pilodyn和Fakopp可对单板出材率和单位材积价值进行粗略预测。     

根蘖型苜蓿根部RNA提取方法的比较

以根蘖型苜蓿Medicago sativa的根、茎、叶为材料,利用紫外分光光度计和凝胶电泳法比较了改良CTAB法和TRNzol试剂盒法等4种方法提取的苜蓿总RNA的产率和纯度。结果表明:改良CTAB法提取的RNA的OD260nm/OD230nm大于2.0,并且OD260nm/OD280nm接近1.8,具有较高的纯度。凝胶电泳结果表明,改良CTAB法有28S rRNA和18S rRNA 2条清晰的条带,且很少有降解;TRNzol试剂盒法获得的RNA品质也较好,但存在降解和弥散现象;其他2种方法提取效果较差。这证明改良CTAB法提取的总RNA具有很高的纯度,可以满足进一步分子生物学研究的要求;TRNzol试剂盒法也可以满足实验的下一步要求,但需要进一步纯化。     

日粮中C3、C4 植物含量对牛肉品质和主要化学成分的影响

 为探讨C₃和C₄ 植物在日粮中的含量对牛肉品质和主要化学成分的影响,本试验选用大豆粕、小麦麸、小麦、棉籽饼、苜蓿干草作为C₃植物试验材料,选用黄贮玉米秸、玉米酒精糟、玉米作为C₄ 植物试验材料,选用36头西门塔尔杂种公牛作为试验动物开展了肥育和屠宰试验。结果表明,日粮中C₄ 植物含量对肥育牛增重、牛肉的脂肪酸、氨基酸（其中甘氨酸不确定除外）、水分含量以及牛肉的剪切力、蒸煮损失率、滴水损失率、大理石花纹评分和眼肌面积均没有显著的影响。日粮中C₃ 植物含量对肥育牛增重、牛肉的脂肪酸（其中十七烷酸不确定除外）、氨基酸（其中丝氨酸和苏氨酸不确定除外）、水分含量以及牛肉的剪切力、蒸煮损失率、大理石花纹评分和眼肌面积也均没有显著的影响。     

引起猪繁殖障碍的原因及控制措施综述(Ⅰ)

猪繁殖障碍是指母猪出现不发情、不怀孕、流产、死产、死胎、木乃伊和产后无乳等临床症状的疾病。近年来,由于诸多因素的共同作用,猪繁殖障碍有呈发展之势,所造成的经济损失十分巨大,严重影响养猪生产的发展。本文就其发病原因和综合防治措施作简要叙述,供读者参考。1发病原因1·1饲养管理因素1·1·1后备母猪不发情引起后备母猪不发情的原因:圈舍设计不合理,气温过高,通风不良,闷热潮湿,不能吃进充足饲料,易患嗜血杆菌病、猪肺疫、弓形体病等高热病;饲料营养差,生殖器官发育不良,母猪缺乏调教,缺乏性刺激,母猪过肥或过瘦,饲料中维生素和矿…     

以豆粕为原料制备反刍动物饲用肽的研究

本文通过正交试验,选用碱性微生物蛋白酶,研究得出酶解法制备大豆肽的最佳工艺参数:豆粕预处理条件为90℃水浴加热10min,酶解条件为底物浓度5%(W/V)、加酶量5万单位/g蛋白质、温度50℃、pH值10、酶解时间5.5h。蛋白质水解率达到25%,平均肽链长度为4.0。制得大豆肽粗蛋白质含量66.83%(DM)。并对制得大豆肽和原料豆粕的氨基酸含量进行分析。