Anti-nutritional effects of a moderate dose of soybean agglutinin in the rat.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of purified soybean agglutinin on performance and nitrogen digestibility in rats as well as to determine its effects on the protein, DNA and RNA content of the small intestine and pancreas. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allotted into one of four groups for a 10-day nitrogen balance experiment. The four groups of rats were fed 7 g of a casein-cornstarch based diet or a similar diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/g purified soybean agglutinin. All experimental diets were adjusted to an identical nutrient level. Dose of soybean agglutinin had no significant effect on rat performance. Incorporation of soybean agglutinin in the diet reduced apparent protein digestibility and the utilization of dietary protein by increasing nitrogen loss from the faeces and urine. Fresh pancreatic weight increased in rats fed soybean agglutinin at a level of 0.4 mg/g in the diet compared to the control, but the dry pancreatic weight and the protein content of the pancreas did not differ among the four groups. However the DNA and RNA content of the pancreas had a tendency to increase with a higher level of soybean agglutinin. The weight of the jejunum and its protein, DNA and RNA content were not significantly affected by soybean agglutinin, but the dry weight and the RNA of the jejunum tended to increase with higher levels of soybean agglutinin in the diet. In conclusion, purified soybean agglutinin, at moderate levels in the rats diet, had negative effects on digestive function, such as nitrogen digestibility, nitrogen retention and nitrogen balance. As the level of soybean agglutinin increased, the effects became more pronounced. Meanwhile, hypertrophy of the pancreas was observed with higher doses of soybean agglutinin incorporation in the diets.     

江苏省菜籽饼粕的抗营养因子含量分析

收集华东省市当家的甘蓝型、白菜和芥菜型油菜籽品种２０个，经１０５℃３０分钟处理，小型６２机冷榨取饼，测定ＯＺＴ．ＩＴＣ，得出甘蓝型高硫葡萄糖苷品种在饼中的总苷量最高９．３６ｍｇ／ｇ，比苷蓝型低硫葡萄糖苷品种含总苷２．９５ｍｇ／Ｇ高出２倍。白菜型平均总苷３．１３ｍｇ／ｇ；芥菜型含３．５６ｍｇ／ｇ。以淮油６号、秦油２号菜籽作破碎或干热与否的前处理比较，总苷量以未破碎、未干热的菜饼最高，分别含９．８２ｍｇ／ｇ、１０．６４ｍｇ／ｇ；破碎又干热的菜饼总苷最低，分别为８．６９、７．０１ｍｇ／ｇ。以宁油７号品种为例用６２型冷榨总苷最高为１０．７７ｍｇ／ｇ，９５型其次５．１４ｍｇ／ｇ，２００型最低２．５５ｍｇ／ｇ。采集本省各地大、中、小型油厂、油坊的菜饼粕２１个样，２００型菜粕总苷为２．８ｍｇ／ｇｃｖ４５％，９５型３．３９ｍｇ／ｇ，ｃｖ３９．６％。２００型与９５型在加工过程中产生游离总苷量接近，分别为０．３８和０．４１ｍｇ／ｇ。由芥子酶或酶水解产生的腈类化合物以２００型的菜粕中含量高，平均含１３１８ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｃｖ７９．７％；９５型含３１８ｍｇ／ｇｃｖ１３２％，其中３６％样本未检出腈量。菜饼粕单宁平均含０．８２％；植酸平均?     

微生物复合酵素在猪场生产中的应用试验

为了探讨丰力旺酵素在猪场生产中的应用实际效果,本试验选40日龄健康仔猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20头,试验组饲喂添加0.1%丰力旺酵素的常规饲料,对照组饲喂常规饲料。结果表明,丰力旺酵素可以提高生猪生长性能,减少疾病,降低粪便臭味,有利于提高经济效益。     

中蜂来源的微孢子虫对意蜂工蜂的侵染性研究

为探讨中蜂来源的微孢子虫对意蜂的侵染性,本试验将纯化自中蜂的微孢子虫,以每只蜂1×105个和5×105个孢子的接种量,分别给2日、5日、8日、11日龄无微孢子虫感染的意蜂成年工蜂接种,在30℃±0.5℃,65%～80%RH,黑暗中隔离饲养10日后,各日龄工蜂的平均感染率达86.3%～100%,每只蜂中肠的平均产孢量为5.60×105～3.39×106个。在两接种量下,2日、5日龄意蜂工蜂的产孢量均显著(P<0.05)高于8日、11日龄的产孢量。试验首次证实了中蜂来源的微孢子虫对意蜂成年工蜂具较强的侵染性。     

Epostane对公兔血清睾酮、皮质醇的影响

将不同剂量的Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ静脉注射成年公兔，测定注射后１、２、３、２４小时血清睾酮、皮质醇水平的变化。结果显示注射Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ后公兔血清睾酮水平增加且与剂量相关；低剂量Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ显著地降低血清皮质醇水平。     

粤北桑芽瘿蚊形态特征观察

粤北桑芽瘿蚊Giadomyiasp是粤北桑树的主要害虫之一,其形态特征主要表现在成虫触角、前翅、外生殖器的形态,卵、幼虫胸骨片的形状,蛹胸足长短等方面,与广东老蚕区（顺德）的桑吸浆虫（Contariniasp．）有着明显差异。     

自贸区动植检快筛实验室建设要素分析

基于前海蛇口自贸区动植物检疫工作的现状和需求,对自贸区动植检快筛实验室的建设要素进行了分析和探讨,提出了以快筛快检、生物安全监测和技术交流平台为主要功能,建立自贸区动植检快筛实验室,并在实验室的建立标准、质量控制和生物安全等方面提出了初步建议,以期为自贸区动植检快筛实验室的建设提供借鉴。     

牛支原体和牛病毒性腹泻病毒二重二温式PCR检测方法的建立

为建立一种牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis,MB)和牛病毒性腹泻病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)的快速鉴别诊断方法,针对MB的uvr C基因和BVDV的5'端非编码区(5'-UTR)保守基因序列,分别设计两对特异引物,并将三温式PCR扩增程序简化为二个温度梯度,建立了鉴别MB和BVDV的二重二温式PCR方法。该方法能同时扩增MB和BVDV,扩增产物大小分别为412和170 bp。特异性试验结果显示,该方法对参试的所有毒株只扩增MB和BVDV基因组,对其它牛病原体无扩增;敏感性试验结果显示,该方法最低能同时检测到104拷贝的两种目的核酸;干扰性试验结果显示,该方法能同时检测两个模板不同浓度的组合,试验结果不受模板影响。综上,本研究所建立的二重二温式PCR方法特异、敏感、快速、简便,可应用于MB和BVDV临床鉴别诊断和流行病学调查。     

Chemical composition and microstructure of uroliths and urinary sediment crystals associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to water buffalo calves

The chemical composition and microstructure of seven uroliths and four urinary sediment samples associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to buffalo calves were examined by chemical qualitative analyses, scanning electron microscopy ( ), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry ( ). Struvite was a major component of kidney stones and of some bladder stones. The kidney stone sample appeared cracked under low power under , aggregated into tiny balls under high power, and as a bladelike structure under even higher power. The bladder stone samples appeared finely granular or granular with various forms of prismatic crystals. The urinary sediments were prismatic crystals, with granules. The newly found prismatic crystals, which were rich in potassium and similar to struvite in crystal structure, were identified as potassium magnesium phosphate (KMgPO₄ · 6H₂O) in some bladder stones and urinary sediments. However, crystals which contained Mg and P only, which had been used for struvite identification, were not found by examination in urinary sediments from fresh urine samples of buffalo calves fed the high-level cottonseed meal diet.     

益生菌发酵饲料对猪的生长和肉质的影响

应用益生菌发酵饲料喂猪,能提高饲料中粗蛋白含量,明显降低猪粪臭味,促进生长、降低料肉比和提高猪肉品质。