植物内整流K~+通道AKT1的研究进展

K~+是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素。内整流K~+通道(Arabidopsis K~+transporter 1,AKT1)属于Shaker家族,是介导K~+吸收的重要通道,为质膜的K~+感应器,参与调节细胞的生长发育、调控气孔运动及植物蒸腾作用,能够提高植株的抗旱耐盐性,因而在植物生长过程中具有重要作用。该文概述了AKT1的结构、组织表达定位和表达调控及功能等方面的研究进展,并提出采用蛋白组学、基因工程技术及RNAi手段深入研究K~+、Na~+吸收及转运的协同调控机制,提高作物对土壤中K~+的利用效率及AKT1在植物生理代谢、抗逆性中的作用。     

一起输入性羊痘疫情的暴发调查

2022年2月云南省元江县某农户饲养的山羊出现疑似羊痘病情,袭击率为16.91%(46/272),病死率为45.65%(21/46)。为确定病因,防止病情扩散,开展了紧急流行病学调查。综合病羊临床症状以及现场调查和实验室检测结果,确诊本起疫情为输入性羊痘疫情。通过采取病羊与健康羊群隔开饲养、紧急免疫、对症治疗、消毒、加强饲养管理等干预措施,病情得到有效控制。分析认为,养殖户疫病防控意识淡薄,缺乏生物安全防范意识,调入携带病原羊只混群饲养等是引发病情的主要原因。本次病情警示,养殖场应加强生物安全管理,做好未出售羊群返场的隔离检疫,同时要加强饲养管理,减少应激因素,以预防疫病发生。     

海南霉素的遗传毒性研究及其致癌性预测：3.海南霉素的致癌性预测

在对海南霉素的遗传毒性进行了系统研究的基础上，本文利用ＣＰＢＳ法进一步预测了其致癌可能性，求得海南霉素的致癌性概率为０．１４％，因而可认为海南霉素为非致癌物。本结论与已有报道的其同类化合物盐霉素和腐霉素等的结论一致。     

首乌蜜对家蚕幼虫寿命的影响

用５％、１０％、２０％复方“蜂产品制品首乌蜜浸泡桑叶４小时，对家蚕（ＢｏｍｂｙｘｍｏｒｉＬ．）进行添食试验。结果表明，添食５％、１０％、２０％首乌蜜溶液分别能使家蚕幼虫寿命较对照组（以蒸馏水代替首乌蜜）延长７．７２、７．６８、４．８２小时，统计学上差异极显著（新复极差检验法；Ｐ＜０．０１）。由此证实，首乌蜜具有抗衰老作用。同时，没有发现家蚕因添食首乌蜜而死亡，说明首乌蜜没有毒性。     

蜜蜂中肠酪素酶与孢子虫病的关系

蜜蜂中肠酪素酶与蜜蜂中肠围食膜的形成有关，而围食膜的致密度又决定了蜜蜂微孢子虫能否侵入蜜蜂中肠上皮细胞。取蜜蜂中肠测定其酪素酶的活力，得知对意大利蜂而言，酶的活力越高，孢子虫病发病率越低；反之，则发病率高，且酶活力随季节变化。     

一起猪群腹泻的紧急流行病学调查

2020年1月3日,某猪场部分生猪出现腹泻症状,3 d后达发病高峰,波及全场,并伴有部分生猪死亡,袭击率为60.66%,病死率为6.88%。为探寻病因,采取现场调查与实验室检测相结合的方式,对此次猪群腹泻进行了调查,综合推断此次暴发是由大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌引起的细菌性腹泻及由应激因素引起的应激性腹泻,饮入污水、断水应激、寒冷应激是导致本次猪群腹泻的主要原因。据此,提出了拌料饲喂抗生素、清洗消毒圈舍和饮水设施、强化饲养管理等干预措施,并有效控制了疫情。调查提示,加强饲养管理,减少寒冷、缺水引起的应激,保持清洁饮水,对预防猪群腹泻具有十分重要的意义。     

Passive transfer of antibodies to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26, O111 and O157 antigens in neonatal calves by feeding colostrum

To study whether or not passive immunity of neonatal calves against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O26, O111, and O157 was obtained by colostrum administration, serum antibodies in calves after the feeding were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in comparison with antibodies in colostrum and sera from donor dams. The highest antibody titers to STEC in colostrum from dams were detected soon after parturition. The antibody titers were found to be elevated in sera of neonatal calves (4-9 hr after birth) orally administered with colostrum with high antibody titers, suggesting that passive immunity of neonatal calves to STEC infection may be obtained by feeding colostrum. These results suggest that colostrum administration to neonatal calves may play an important role in elevating serum antibodies against STEC in neonatal calves.     

几种绵羊常用粗饲料GI的测定及其代谢能模型化研究

在测定5类9种粗饲料及3个混合粗饲料的常规成分基础上,实测了它们的粗饲料分级指数(GI):大青山草地早熟禾3.4758、沙打旺3.3731、苜蓿1.7202、混粗C21.1797、青干草1.1029、混粗C10.7852、羊草0.5684、玉米青贮0.4152、玉米秸0.1985、谷草0.1728、混粗D0.0805、苏丹草0.0687,并就GI与饲料相对值(RFV)对粗饲料品质的分级进行了比较,表明GI要优于RFV,同时证明:GI还可以用于混合粗饲料的优化与牧草刈割期的确定。研究并建立了预测粗饲料代谢能(ME)的模型:ME(MJ/kg)=-11.7492 0.5959IVDM(D%)-0.0044[IVDM(D%)]2,其中IVDMD为体外干物质消化率。     

Surgical outcome and ocular complications of evisceration and intraocular prosthesis implantation in dogs with end stage glaucoma: a review of 20 cases

Surgical outcome and complications following evisceration and implantation of intraocular silicone prosthesis (ISP) in 20 canine eyes with end-stage glaucoma were analyzed, including clinical signs, complications, cosmetic appearance, and owners' responses. The mean postoperative follow-up time was 312 days. Major short-term surgical complications were central corneal ulceration (6/20) and infections (3/20), while long-term complication was keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) (2/20). All patient owners (100%) showed satisfied with the surgical outcome and postoperative cosmetic effect including 85% of the owners gave an excellent or good rating of satisfaction. No more medication needed for long term control except the KCS cases. With careful case selection and post-operative care, evisceration with ISP implantation proves a good and safe surgical procedure with minimal complications for end stage glaucoma.     

黄山市对做好旅游城市动物卫生监督工作的探索

黄山市位于安徽省南部,境内旅游资源丰富,景观独特,以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉"四绝"著称于世,1985年,黄山作为唯一的山岳风光,被评选为全国十大风景名胜之一。2010年旅游接待量达到1001.3万