木薯淀粉分支酶基因克隆及反义表达载体的构建

利用RT-PCR方法,用木薯块根cDNA做模板克隆获得支链淀粉合成的关键酶基因SBEII,经序列分析,同源性为98.07%;以PCAMBIA1301为基础,构建了以块根特异表达启动子Sporamin驱动的SBEII基因反义结构的植物表达载体.     

Effect of dietary lysine on growth,intestinal enzymes activities and antioxidant status of sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

The dietary lysine requirement of sub-adult grass carp (460 ± 1.5 g) was assessed by feeding diets supplemented with grade levels of lysine (6.6, 8.5, 10.8, 12.9, 15.0 and 16.7 g kg^?1 diet) for 56 days. The test diets (28 % CP) contained fish meal, casein and gelatin as sources of intact protein, supplemented with crystalline amino acids. Weight gain (WG), feed intake and feed efficiency were significantly improved with increasing levels of lysine up to 12.9 g kg^?1 diet and thereafter declined (P < 0.05). Quadratic regression analysis of WG at 95 % maximum response indicated lysine requirement was 10.9 g kg^?1 diet. Activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase in intestine, creatine kinase activity in proximal and mid-intestine responded similar to WG (P < 0.05). In addition, lipid and protein oxidation decreased with increasing levels of lysine up to certain values and increased thereafter (P < 0.05); the anti-hydroxyl radical capacity, dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and glutathione content were increased with increasing dietary lysine levels up to certain values in the detected tissues, except for hepatopancreatic GST. Requirement estimated on the basis of malondialdehyde content in intestine and hepatopancreas was 10.6 and 9.53 g lysine kg^?1 diet, respectively.     

芦笋种子研究进展

芦笋是一种食药同源的高档蔬菜,20世纪芦笋由欧洲传入中国,70年代初形成规模种植。目前,我国栽培面积和出口量均超过世界总量的50%。近年来,国内外对芦笋育种、栽培、药理、采收加工等方面已有很多研究,但对芦笋种子的研究相对较少。该研究对芦笋种子形态特征、化学成分、生物学特征、抗性特征以及种质资源评价与鉴定等方面进行了综述,以期为更好的研究利用提供参考。     

刍议城市规划中的环境保护问题思考

城市的可持续发展离不开科学、合理的城市规划。城市规划必须考虑到城市的发展和人们生活的方方面面的问题,其中,城市规划中的环境保护问题更是重中之重,必须受到城市规划者的高端重视。本文论述城市规划中的环境保护问题。     

对水坝防渗加固技术的探讨

水坝的防渗加固问题多年以来就一直是水利工程施工的一个重要方面。贵州省余庆县松烟镇地处长江、珠江上游,因此为了有效保障当地人们和长江、珠江中下游地区的安全和利益。对该地水坝的防渗加固问题要尤为重视,对水坝防渗加固的技术问题进行探讨。     

稻田土壤还原性物质特征及与甲烷排放的关联性分析

以南方稻田土壤的定位试验为研究对象,选取其中的五种不同施肥(无肥、化肥、猪粪+化肥、鸡粪+化肥、稻草+化肥)处理,监测了水稻生长期间土壤活性还原性物质、活性有机还原性物质、亚铁(Fe2+)含量、土壤Eh值和甲烷(CH4)排放的动态变化,分析还原性物质与CH4排放的关系。结果表明,水稻生长前期稻田CH4排放通量、土壤活性还原性物质、活性有机还原性物质和Fe2+含量均较高,并随水稻生长呈逐渐下降的趋势;而土壤Eh在水稻整个生育期介于-238至118 mv之间,且为水稻生长前期低,后期高。施用有机肥后的土壤活性还原性物质和Fe2+含量比化肥处理平均分别增加了13%和11%,而土壤Eh值则低于无肥和化肥处理。相关分析表明,CH4排放通量与土壤中活性还原性物质、Fe2+均呈极显著正相关关系,而与土壤Eh呈极显著负相关关系。通过逐步回归分析进一步表明,土壤中Fe2+含量显著影响稻田CH4排放,控制稻田土壤中Fe2+含量有利于稻田CH4的减排。     

巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育问题的探讨

该文通过分析巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育过程中出现的问题,总结出用容器育苗和大田开沟点播相结合来培育接穗,以山桃为砧木嫁接巴旦杏的引种驯化技术.结果表明,容器培育接穗比直接大田点播出苗率、成活率分别提高了10%和15%;巴旦杏与山桃嫁接表现出极好的亲和性,嫁接成活率为90%.     

酶制剂对黄颡鱼生长性能的影响

研究了黄颡鱼日粮中添加酶制剂对其生产性能的影响。试验用平均体重6.5g的黄颡鱼540尾分成5组（4个试验和1个对应组），每个试验组设2个平行，酶制剂分别按0％、0.05%、0．10％、0．15％、0．25％添加，通过40天的饲养试验。试验结果表明：添加酶制剂可以提高黄颡鱼的生长速度和饲料转化率（P＜0．05）其最佳添加水平为0．15％。     

Systematic Review of Brain Tumor Treatment in Dogs

Intracranial neoplasia is commonly diagnosed in dogs and can be treated by a variety of methods, but formal comparisons of treatment efficacy are currently unavailable. This review was undertaken to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding outcome after the treatment of intracranial masses in dogs, with the aim of defining optimal recommendations for owners. This review summarizes data from 794 cases in 22 previously published reports and follows PRISMA guidelines for systematic review. A Pubmed search was used to identify suitable articles. These then were analyzed for quality and interstudy variability of inclusion and exclusion criteria and the outcome data extracted for summary in graphs and tables. There was a high degree of heterogeneity among studies with respect to inclusion and exclusion criteria, definition of survival periods, and cases lost to follow‐up making comparisons among modalities troublesome. There is a need for standardized design and reporting of outcomes of treatment for brain tumors in dogs. The available data do not support lomustine as an effective treatment, but also do not show a clear difference in outcome between radiotherapy and surgery for those cases in which the choice is available.     

不同稻草还田方式下土壤碳库管理指数的研究(英文)

[目的]明确稻草还田方式对双季稻田土壤肥力的影响。[方法]对不同稻草还田方式对土壤总有机碳(CTOC)、活性有机碳(CA)、矿化碳(CM)的影响进行分析,并计算各处理碳库活度(A)、碳库活度指数(AI)、碳库指数(CPI)和碳库管理指数(CPMI)。[结果]与不施肥对照相比,早晚稻两季稻草还田提高了土壤总有机碳、活性有机碳和矿化碳含量及其碳素有效率。等养分条件下,稻草还田处理的土壤总有机碳、活性有机碳及其碳素有效率均高于稻草烧灰还田和稻草不还田处理,且活性有机碳含量差异显著。土壤碳库管理指数处理间差异达显著或极显著,其大小趋势为稻草全量还田>稻草烧灰还田>稻草不还田。[结论]本研究为增加土壤活性有机碳含量以及增加土壤肥力提供了量化的理论依据。