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91.
Rini?Pujiarti Yoshito?OhtaniEmail author Hideaki?Ichiura 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(5):446-451
Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. leaf oils from Gunung Kidul, Gundih and Sukun, Java, Indonesia, at tree ages of 5, 10, and 15 years were analyzed to
elucidate their qualities and chemical compositions. These oils gave yields from 0.61% to 1.59%. The samples from Gundih produced
the highest yields (1.42–1.59%) compared to those from Gunung Kidul and Sukun. These oils were colorless with an odor typical
of Melaleuca oils. The specific gravity of essential oils in this study ranged from 0.870 to 0.912. The samples from Gunung Kidul were
the highest in specific gravity (0.905–0.912). The refractive index values of oil samples ranged from 1.468 to 1.470, optical
rotation ranged from (−)2.47° to (−)0.98°, and ratio miscibility of oils in 70% ethanol ranged from 1:1 to 1:9.67. The organoleptic
profiles and physicochemical properties of M. leucadendron Linn. leaf oils in this study were evaluated based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3954-2006 for standard quality
of Melaleuca essential oils; only a few specific gravity values were below the standard. GC-MS spectrometry analysis indicated the presence
of 26 compounds. Among them, 1,8-cineole (44.76–60.19%), α-terpineol (5.93–12.45%), d(+)-limonene (4.45–8.85%), and β-caryophyllene (3.78–7.64%) were the major components. Samples from each site tended to decrease in 1,8-cineole content and
increase in β-caryophyllene content as plant age increased. α-Terpineol was highest at plant age 10 years, and d(+)-limonene varied according to plant site and age. 相似文献
92.
Plant regeneration was attempted in callus induced from the immature abnormal hybrid embryos between T. durum and S. cereale, using 4-Huorophenoxyacetic acid as a growth regulator. In particular, the relationship of numerical variation in chromosomes between the callus tissues and the regenerated plants was investigated. Cytological observation revealed that there was no distinctive numerical difference between the shoot-forming (SF) and the non-shoot-forming calluses and also between the SF calluses and the regenerated plants. The root-tips of regenerated plants consisted of cells having various chromosome numbers, including the expected 2 n = 3 ×= 21 (genomes, ABR) of which the frequency was 69.8 %. The regenerated plants showed partial fertility, notwithstanding that the hybrid plants were expected to be sterile. Since the frequency of abnormal embryos was about 90 % in this cross, the utilization of abnormal embryos was demonstrated by use of callus culture. 相似文献
93.
Toda H Yabu T Shiba H Moritomo T Nakanishi T 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,141(1-2):168-172
Granzyme B plays an important role in granule-mediated apoptosis by CTL. It is a well characterized component of the cytolytic machinery in mammals and a candidate for the evaluation of cytotoxic activity of CTL as an alternative to conventional cytotoxicity assay. In this study, we examined the effects of granzyme inhibitors to assess the characteristics of fish granzymes in terms of substrate specificity and the involvement of granzyme B-like in the cytotoxic response. 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (DCI), which inhibit the activity of serine protease including all members of the granzyme family, markedly suppressed the cytotoxic activity of CTL. However, CTL-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly but not completely suppressed by the addition of carbobenzyloxy-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone (Z-IETD-FMK) that specifically blocks granzyme B activity. These results suggest that additional serine proteases as well as granzyme B-like are involved in cytotoxicity of CTL in fish. We further compared cytotoxicity with the granzyme B-like hydrolytic activity against fluorogenic substrate acetyl-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (Ac-IETD-MCA) and found that granzyme B-like activity correlated well with the cytotoxicity of CTL in ginbuna crucian carp. Present results suggest that the granzyme activity assays is useful to assess cytotoxic activity of CTL in fish in which genetic information on granzymes and specific tools for cytotoxicity assay are not available because of well conserved catalytic triad residues and substrate binding sites in granzyme B throughout vertebrates. 相似文献
94.
Sassa Y Yamamoto H Mochizuki M Umemura T Horiuchi M Ishiguro N Miyazawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(4):491-494
Feline parvoviruses were isolated from frozen samples of intestines taken from a snow leopard (Uncia uncia) and a serval (Leptailurus serval) that died successively at Sapporo Maruyama Zoo in Hokkaido, Japan. Isolates possessed an antigenic epitope for both the feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and mink enteritis virus, identified with a hemagglutination inhibition test. Sequencing analyses of the VP2 region of the isolates revealed that the two isolates were identical and of the FPLV-type. These results suggested that FPLV was introduced from a feral cat which entered the zoo and transmitted the virus inside the zoo. 相似文献
95.
Miyazaki M Miyazaki T Toyonaga M Tsutsui T Taira H Yamashita T Suzuki A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,(3):378-382
The carboxylesterase cauxin is a major urinary protein in cats that is also found in seminal fluid (SF). This study investigated cauxin in feline SF including biochemical features, concentration, distribution and gene expression in epididymal tissue, and its reaction with acylglycerol substrates.Monomeric, dimeric, and/or multimeric forms of cauxin carrying N-glycosylations were detected on Western blots of feline SF but most were monomeric. Cauxin concentrations were markedly lower in SF (0.042 ± 0.020 mg/mL) than in urine (∼0.5 mg/mL) and cauxin gene expression was 60-fold lower in the epididymis than in the kidney. Immunohistochemical examination localised cauxin within the stereocilia and cytoplasm of epithelial cells lining the caput and corpus epididymis. Cauxin-positive spermatozoa were detected in the lumen of the cauda epididymis but not in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cell lining. Using an in vitro assay, cauxin hydrolysed saturated 1-mono- but not di- and tri-acylglycerols. The results suggest that cauxin secreted from the caput and corpus epididymis acts as an esterase on lipid within feline SF. 相似文献
96.
97.
98.
Naoi H Otoi T Shimamura T Karja NW Agung B Shimizu R Taniguchi M Nagai T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):271-277
We conducted two experiments to investigate the effects of storage temperature and period for cat ovaries on the meiotic and developmental competence of oocytes collected from the ovaries. In Experiment 1, ovaries were stored in physiological saline for 24 h at 4 C, 23-25 C, or 38 C (cold, room, and incubator temperature groups, respectively), and then oocytes were collected from the ovaries in each group. Morphologically intact oocytes were then selected and cultured in maturation medium for 24 h. Significantly more oocytes reached metaphase II (MII) in the cold temperature group (53.4%) than in the room and incubator temperature groups (20.0 and 2.4%, respectively). In Experiment 2, ovaries were stored in physiological saline at room temperature for 0, 6, 12 or 18 h, and then they were stored at 4 C (cold storage) until reaching a total storage period of 24 h. After storage of the ovaries, morphologically intact oocytes were matured, fertilized with frozen-thawed spermatozoa, and cultured in vitro. The rates of morphologically intact oocytes obtained from the ovaries stored at room temperature for 0, 6, 12 or 18 h were 35.3, 30.0, 26.4 and 14.7%, respectively, and the rates of intact oocytes that reached MII were 63.2, 36.4, 26.5 and 11.9%, respectively. The results suggested that the numbers of morphologically intact oocytes and intact oocytes that reached MII after in vitro maturation decrease gradually as the period of storage at room temperature before cold storage increases. Only oocytes from ovaries stored for 6 h developed to the blastocyst stage after in vitro maturation and fertilization when ovaries were stored at room temperature before cold storage. These results indicate that 24 h storage of ovaries at high temperatures (>23 C) decreases the meiotic competence of oocytes. The quality and developmental competence of oocytes are influenced by the length of storage at room temperature before cold storage. 相似文献
99.
Cesium radioactivity in peripheral blood is linearly correlated to that in skeletal muscle: Analyses of cattle within the evacuation zone of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant 下载免费PDF全文
Tomokazu Fukuda Yasushi Kino Yasuyuki Abe Hideaki Yamashiro Jin Kobayashi Yoshinaka Shimizu Atsushi Takahashi Toshihiko Suzuki Mirei Chiba Shintaro Takahashi Kazuya Inoue Yoshikazu Kuwahara Motoko Morimoto Hisashi Shinoda Masahiro Hiji Tsutomu Sekine Manabu Fukumoto Emiko Isogai 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(1):120-124
The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) released a large amount of radioactive substances into the environment. Furthermore, beef contaminated with radioactive cesium above the 500 Bq/kg safety standard was circulated in the food chain in 2011. Japanese consumers remain concerned about the safety of radioactively contaminated food. In our previous study, we detected a linear correlation between radioactive cesium (137Cs) activity in blood and muscle around 500 to 2500 Bq/kg in cattle. However, it was unclear whether the correlation was maintained at a lower radioactivity close to the current safety standard of 100 Bq/kg. In this study, we evaluated 17 cattle in the FNPP evacuation zone that had a 137Cs blood level less than 10 Bq/kg. The results showed a linear correlation between blood 137Cs and muscle 137Cs (Y = 28.0X, R2 = 0.590) at low radioactivity concentration, indicating that cesium radioactivity in the muscle can be estimated from blood radioactivity. This technique would be useful in detecting high‐risk cattle before they enter the market, and will contribute to food safety. 相似文献
100.
Effect of extraction method on the concentrations of selected bioactive compounds in mandarin juice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A mandarin-type citrus fruit, ponkan (Citrus reticulata), was processed by in-line, chopper pulper, and hand-press extractions to investigate the effect of extraction method on the concentrations of bioactive compounds in processed juice. Concentrations of polymethoxylated flavones (tangeretin, nobiletin, and sinensetin) and beta-cryptoxanthin in juice, and inhibitory activities against arachidonate cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenases of the juice extract were analyzed. The juice processed by hand-press extraction contained the largest amounts of nobiletin (3.56 mg/100 mL), tangeretin (4.10 mg/100 mL), and sinensetin (0.13 mg/100 mL). Concentrations of beta-cryptoxanthin were 0.66, 0.59, 0.55, and 0.50 mg/100 mL in chopper pulper, in-line (5/64 in.), in-line (8/64 in.) and hand-press juices, respectively. Both extracts of in-line juices showed greater inhibitory activity toward platelet 12-lipoxygenase than the others. The inhibitory effect of hand-press juice extract on platelet cyclooxygenase activity was remarkable among juice extracts. All juice extracts effectively inhibited polymorphonuclear 5-lipoxygenase activity at nearly the same rate. 相似文献