外源褪黑素对臭氧胁迫下‘赤霞珠’葡萄叶片光合作用的影响

以盆栽‘赤霞珠’葡萄为试验材料,浇施浓度为100 nmol·L~(-1)的外源褪黑素(melatonin)后,在110 n L·L~(-1)臭氧浓度胁迫下,测定葡萄叶片气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光快速诱导动力学曲线,并结合叶绿素荧光淬灭分析葡萄叶片光合性能的变化。结果表明:浇施褪黑素提高了臭氧胁迫下叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素的含量以及叶绿素a/b的比值,提高了叶片净光合速率(P_n)和叶片单位面积有活性反应中心的数量(RC/CSm),以及捕获的激子将电子传递到Q_A以后的其他电子受体的概率(Ψ_o),从而缓解了臭氧胁迫下的光抑制程度。结论:外源褪黑素缓解了臭氧胁迫下葡萄叶片叶绿素的降解,通过调节光系统的能量分配,缓解了臭氧胁迫对光合作用的伤害。     

Several Kinds of CommunicationStandards and IC Circuit Interface

The improvement of Data Communication has made the design of line driver,line receiver and other interface circuits complicated.In accordance with some communication protocols,this paper recommends several IC interface chips and their application in overcoming the influence of noise.     

复合材料发动机机体的粘弹性分析

对采用可溶性合金型芯整体模压成型的复合材料发动机机体,用三维有限元方法对其进行了应力场和位移场粘弹性研究,建立了机体用复合材料的粘弹性力学模型,反映了机体的变形规律,获得更精确的应力场和位移场。通过机体的动态实时测试,验证了计算结果的正确性     

豫棉15号在新疆棉区种植表现及高产性分析

豫棉15号是河南省农科院经作所从夏棉商855中的天然变异株中经过连续选择定向培育集丰产、优质、早熟、抗病于一体的棉花新品种.1996年该品种在新疆试种成功,1997年种植面积为1 259.9 hm2,1998年在南疆5地州种植面积猛增到22 666.7 hm2,并于当年12月上旬经新疆农作物品种审定委员会认定通过,准予在新疆棉区南疆亚区进行推广.     

Combined bioremediation of soil co-contaminated with cadmium and endosulfan by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pleurotus eryngii</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coprinus comatus</Emphasis>

Purpose

The subjects of this study were to investigate the remediating potential of the co-cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii and Coprinus comatus on soil that is co-contaminated with heavy metal (cadmium (Cd)) and organic pollutant (endosulfan), and the effects of the co-cultivated mushrooms on soil biochemical indicators, such as laccase enzyme activity and bacterial counts.

Materials and methods

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the combined bioremediation effects on co-contaminated soil. After the mature fruiting bodies were harvested from each pot, the biomass of mushrooms was recorded. In addition, bacterial counts and laccase enzyme activity in soil were determined. The content of Cd in mushrooms and soil was detected by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and the variations of Cd fractions in soil were determined following the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure. Besides, the residual endosulfan in soil was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results and discussion

The results indicated that co-cultivation of P. eryngii and C. comatus exerted the best remediation effect on the co-contaminated soil. The biomass of mushroom in the co-cultivated group (T group) was 1.57–13.20 and 19.75–56.64% higher than the group individually cultivated with P. eryngii (P group) or C. comatus (C group), respectively. The concentrations of Cd in the fruiting bodies of mushrooms were 1.83–3.06, 1.04–2.28, and 0.67–2.60 mg/kg in T, P, and C groups, respectively. Besides, the removal rates of endosulfan in all treatments exceeded 87%. The best bioremediation effect in T group might be caused by the mutual promotion of these two kinds of mushrooms.

Conclusions

The biomass of mushroom, laccase activity, bacterial counts, and Cd content in mushrooms were significantly enhanced, and the dissipation effect of endosulfan was slightly higher in the co-cultivated group than in the individually cultivated groups. In this study, the effect of co-cultivated macro fungi P. eryngii and C. comatus on the remediation of Cd and endosulfan co-contaminated soil was firstly reported, and the results are important for a better understanding of the co-remediation for co-contaminated soil.

     

湖北省潜江地区克氏原螯虾(procambarus clarkii)白斑综合征(White Spot Syndrome)PCR诊断及组织病理学观察

近年来在湖北省范围内人工养殖的克氏原螯虾暴发了严重的疾病,其中白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）已成为危害克氏原螯虾健康养殖的重要病原。2016年5月湖北省潜江市养殖区暴发了一种传染性疾病,为探究此次疾病病因和流行规律,将染病虾进行临床症状观察、对病料进行PCR检测、系统发育树分析、人工感染和组织病理学观察。结果显示,发病克氏原螯虾临床症状主要表现为摄食减少,活力下降,反应迟钝;组织病理学观察结果显示,克氏原螯虾的肝胰腺、肠、肌肉、鳃组织均出现不同程度变性和坏死以及炎性细胞浸润等典型病理学变化,与WSSV感染克氏原螯虾出现的病变相似;PCR检测患病克氏原螯虾样品,结果显示WSSV呈阳性,阳性检出率为55.56%（15/27）,未检测到斑节对虾杆状病毒（MBV）和传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒（IHHNV）;检测产物测序并进行系统发育树分析,结果显示,该基因序列与WSSV的EG3株（KR083866.1）核苷酸序列同源性为100%。将病虾的肝胰腺、肠和肌肉组织投喂健康克氏原螯虾,投喂组均表现为急性死亡（累积死亡率为100%）,并出现与自然发病虾相同的症状。WSSV的巢式PCR检测结果显示,人工感染病虾为WSSV阳性。根据以上显示,本次养殖克氏原螯虾大规模死亡的病原是WSSV。     

Salty stories,fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences

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