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91.
Won-Il Jeong Sun Hee Do Da-Hee Jeong Jae-Yong Chung Hai-Jie Yang Dong-Wei Yuan Il-Hwa Hong Jin-Kyu Park Moon-Jung Goo Kyu-Shik Jeong 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2006,7(3):299-301
Three dead dogs were brought to the College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University for study. Clinically, all the dogs showed emaciation, anorexia, depression, hemorrhagic vomiting and diarrhea for 7~10 days before death. All the clinical signs were first noted for about one month after feeding the dogs with commercial diets. At necropsy, all 3 dogs had severe renal damage with the same green-yellowish colored nephroliths in the renal pelvis. They also showed systemic hemorrhage and calcification of several organs, which might have been induced by uremia. Microscopically, necrosis, calcification and calculi were detected in the renal tubules, and especially in the proximal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney. These findings were supportive of a mycotoxic effect, and especially on their kidneys. However, the precise cause of the toxic effect in these cases of canine renal failure could not be determined. 相似文献
92.
HY Jang YH Kim BW Kim IC Park HT Cheong JT Kim CK Park HS Kong HK Lee BK Yang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):943-950
Melatonin, the major secretory product of the pineal gland, scavenges a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in vivo and in vitro, indicating that melatonin is a potent function as an antioxidant. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin in the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on sperm characteristics (motility, viability, survival rate, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and mitochondria activity) and also to examine the developmental rates to the blastocysts stage of porcine oocytes fertilized in vitro with semen treated with or without melatonin (100 nm ) in the presence or absence of H2O2 (250 μm ). The sperm were treated with melatonin in the presence or absence of H2O2 for 3, 6, 9 and 12 h at 37°C and then analysed for the sperm characteristics. The porcine embryos were produced by in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization (IVM/IVF) using semen treated with or without melatonin (100 nm ) in the presence or absence of H2O2 (250 μm ) for 6 h. The semen characteristics, including motility, viability, survival rate, membrane integrity and mitochondria activity, were higher in the groups that were treated with melatonin in comparison to other groups, irrespective of incubation periods. Malondialdehyde levels in control, melatonin and melatonin + H2O2 groups were lower than H2O2 only group. A positive correlation was shown among motility, viability, survival rate and membrane integrity, but a negative correlation was observed between LPO and the other evaluation methods. The developmental rates to blastocysts of IVM/IVF porcine oocytes fertilized by semen treated with melatonin were significantly increased compared with any other groups, with the cell number of blastocysts shown to have a similar trend to the developmental rates. These results demonstrate that melatonin can improve the semen characteristics during in vitro storage and support the developmental ability of IVM/IVF embryos in pigs. 相似文献
93.
94.
95.
Millogo V Norell L Ouédraogo GA Svennersten-Sjaunja K Agenäs S 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(5):1017-1025
The aim of the study was to test three different hand-milking techniques (“pull down”, “thumb in”, and “full hand grip”) and
their effects on milk production and teat treatment. This is important since milk production in many tropical areas still
rely on hand-milking. The study was carried out at a peri-urban farm in the Bobo-Dioulasso area in Burkina Faso. Twelve indigenous
Zebu cows in early lactation were used in the study. The sequences of the treatments (hand-milking techniques) and the milkers
were balanced for carry-over effects between successive periods and days, respectively. The sequences were constructed by
using special Latin squares. Yield and composition of saleable milk was not affected by milking technique but there were differences
between the milkers in milk yield. There was also a significant interaction for saleable milk yield between milker and milking
technique. Hemoglobin in milk was measured as an indicator of teat damage. The hemoglobin content was numerically higher in
post-milking strip milk samples than in saleable milk. It was concluded that the amount of milk removed depends mainly on
the milker and how well the milking technique works for the individual milker. No effect of milking technique was observed
on teat treatment. 相似文献
96.
Kwon HJ Kim HH Kim HJ Park JG Son KY Jung J Lee WS Cho KO Park SJ Kang MI 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,157(3-4):456-463
Orthoreoviruses infect virtually all mammalian species, causing systemic infections including mild gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses. However, little is known about the prevalence or genetic diversity of porcine orthoreoviruses in South Korea. We examined 237 diarrheic fecal samples collected from 78 pig farms around the country. RT-PCR utilizing primers specific for the L1 gene of mammalian orthoreoviruses showed that 45 (19.0%) samples were positive. The 10 strains isolated from orthoreovirus-positive samples formed typical perinuclear cytoplasmic inclusion bodies and had an atypical hemagglutination pattern; these are characteristics of type 3 orthoreovirus. Phylogenetic analysis of the S1 gene in these 10 Korean and other strains showed that type 3 orthoreoviruses could be divided into four lineages; the 10 Korean strains were included in porcine lineage IV, along with T3/porcine/Sichuan/2006. Sequence analysis showed that strains in lineage IV had nucleotide identities of 97.0-98.1% and deduced amino acid identities of 96.4-98.2%. Sequence analysis of the σ1 protein, a viral attachment protein, revealed that the amino acid sequences associated with neurotropism (amino acids 198-204, 249I, 350D, and 419E) were highly conserved among the Korean strains, confirming that neural tropism was present. In conclusion, our findings suggest that porcine orthoreovirus infections are endemic in pig farms in South Korea and that the 10 novel Korean porcine orthoreoviruses belong to porcine lineage IV of type 3 orthoreovirus. In addition, sequence analysis of S1 genes encoding the σ1 protein showed that the 9 of 10 Korean porcine orthoreoviruses exhibited neural tropism. 相似文献
97.
Adrian Muwonge Clovice Kankya Jacques Godfroid Berit Djonne John Opuda-Asibo Demelash Biffa Takele Ayanaw Musso Munyeme Eystein Skjerve 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(5):905-913
To date, the public health relevance of mycobacterial infections in pigs is not well investigated despite high risk of infection.
Recently, there has been a documented increase in opportunistic infections and risk of acquiring opportunistic mycobacterial
infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Mubende district; unfortunately, there has been no published information on the epidemiology
of mycobacterial infections in this area. This study was carried out between September 2008 and February 2009. Investigations
were done to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of mycobacterial infections in slaughtered pigs in Mubende
district of Uganda. A total of 997 pigs (53.7% male and 46.3% female) from 31 different slaughterhouses were examined for
the presence of lesions compatible with TB and mycobacterial infections. Pathologic tissue specimens were collected for culturing
and isolation of mycobacteria. A cross-sectional technique was used based on convenient visits to slaughterhouses but random
selection of individual slaughtered pigs for a detailed post-mortem inspection on a daily basis. The results reflected a 9.3%
and 3.1% (95% CI) prevalence of Mycobacterium species based on necropsy examinations and culture isolation, respectively. The highest prevalence of mycobacterial infection
was recorded in Buwekula County (the mixed agro-zone) whilst the lowest was in Kassanda County (pastoral zone). A multivariable
logistical regression analysis identified age (P ≤ 0.001) and sex (P ≤ 0.05) as risk factors for mycobacterial infections in pigs. Post-estimation statistics of the regression model evaluation
and validation fit it well into the data (HL, χ
2 = 5.9; P = 0.69 for necropsy, HL χ
2 = 2.9; P = 0.94 for culturing). This study documented a high prevalence of mycobacterial infections in slaughter pigs in Mubende district.
The fact that pigs and human often share common housing and environment poses a high risk of zoonotic transmission. This then
warrants further molecular investigation to identify the specific Mycobacterium species and their public health importance in this area. 相似文献
98.
99.
A longitudinal study was done to monitor incidence of livestock diseases in ranch and pastoral herds around Lake Mburo National
Park, in South-western Uganda with a high level of wildlife (impala and zebra) and livestock (cattle and goats) interactions.
East Coast Fever (ECF), abortions, helminthosis and starvation due to drought were major livestock disease problems encountered.
ECF was a major disease affecting mainly calves, causing mortality both in ranch (8.5%) and pastoral (8.2%) herds. Meanwhile,
drought was a more serious in pastoral than ranch herds (p < 0.05), killing 28.5 % and 5.8% of adult female cattle in respective
production systems. Other endemic diseases found and controlled by vaccination were FMD, CBPP and blackquarter. In both cattle
and goats helminthosis was causing mortalities, 3.3% and 0.8% among calves in pastoral and ranches respectively; and 4.8%
and 6.9% among kids and sub-adult goats respectively. Many cases of abortions occurred among pastoral herds. In conclusion,
the disease incidence among livestock was the same or relatively low as compared to other areas without wildlife. 相似文献
100.
T. Reg Preston 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(7):1071-1080
Responding to the challenges posed by global warming, peak oil and biofuels will require a paradigm shift in the practice
of agriculture and in the role of live stock within the farming system. Farming systems should aim at maximizing plant biomass
production from locally available diversified resources, processing of the biomass on farm to provide food, feed and energy
and recycling of all waste materials. The approach that is the subject of this paper is that the generation of electricity
can be a by-product of food/feed production. The concept is the fractionation of biomass into inedible cell wall material
that can be converted to an inflammable gas by gasification, the gas in turn being the source of fuel for internal combustion
engines driving electrical generators. The cell contents and related structures such as tree leaves are used as human food
or animal feed. As well as providing food and feed the model is highly appropriate for decentralized small scale production
of electricity in rural areas. It also offers opportunities for sequestration of carbon in the form of biochar the solid residue
remaining after gasification of the biomass. 相似文献