应用致敏SPA菌体提高CAV/CPV PCR检出率的研究

为消除粪便等病料中的PCR干扰物质 ,提高犬腺病毒与细小病毒 (CAV CPV)联合PCR检出率。根据免疫吸附的原理 ,应用CAV CPV高免血清致敏含A蛋白的金黄色葡萄球菌 ,制成致敏SPA菌体免疫吸附剂 ;以此免疫吸附提取粪便等病料中的CAV/CPV ,然后直接或经 3 5mol/LMgCl2 将所吸附病毒洗脱后再做PCR。结果 8份经电镜负染或HA/HI试验验证为阳性的粪便样品 ,如此处理后进行PCR检测 ,结果均为阳性 ;而直接取粪便离心后用上清进行PCR检测 ,结果均为阴性。表明该法可有效去除待检样品中的PCR干扰物质 ,提高PCR的检出率。     

饲用酶制剂的酶活检测方法及评定

随着我国畜牧业的发展和生物工程技术的不断进步,酶制剂在饲料工业中的应用越来越多：由于酶制剂能够消除饲料中的某些抗营养因子的负面作用,提高饲料消化率,改善动物生产性能,降低生产成本,因此日益受到饲料界的重视。但是,由于酶制剂来源比较复杂、分子结构不明确,分离提纯困难等多种原因,使这类产品有国家标准的不多,即使有国标也存在一些问题。给广大养殖用户和生产企业带来很大不便。本文简单介绍一下常用的酶活测定方法及测定过程的影响因素,仅供广大饲料工作者提供参考。     

甲状腺激素对乌骨鸡蛋白质沉积影响的研究

选用640只雪峰鸟骨鸡,分别饲喂添加不同水平（0．1,0．3,0．5mg／kg）的甲状腺激素（T3）;5～8周龄分成2个组,一组停止添加T,,另一组继续添加T3,以研究甲状腺激素（T3）对雪峰乌鸡蛋白质沉积是否具有后续作用。结果表明：（1）甲状腺激素在2周龄以前可显著（P〈0．01）提高鸟骨鸡的蛋白质沉积;适合量为0．1mg／kg;（2）在乌骨鸡后期日粮中继续添加T3,则乌骨鸡的生长和蛋白质沉积被抑制;后期日粮中停止添加T3后,T3对乌骨鸡蛋白质沉积的抑制作用被解除,生长得到恢复。     

萨杜湖杂交羊生长性能、羊毛品质及血液生理生化指标测定

为研究萨福克羊×杜泊羊×湖羊杂交羊(萨杜湖杂交羊)生长发育情况及其对当地生态环境的适应能力,采用生产性能常规测定、显微测定和全自动血液生理生化分析仪分别测定了不同年龄阶段萨杜湖杂交羊的体重、体尺指标、羊毛品质(包括不同部位羊毛的净毛率、细度、有髓毛和无髓毛占比、自然长度和伸直长度等指标)和成年羊血液生理生化指标。结果表明:萨杜湖杂交羊早期生长速度较快,初生阶段及周岁时公羊体斜长均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);3月龄时公羊体高、体斜长和胸围均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);6月龄时母羊体重极显著高于公羊(P<0.01),成年时期公羊体重和体高均显著高于母羊(P<0.05);其余各生长阶段内,公母羊间体重及体尺差异不显著(P>0.05)。其成年时平均净毛率较低,为45.21%;长度适中:平均自然长度为4.55cm,伸直长度为6.22cm;细度良好,为17.60μm。公母羊血液生理生化指标及其同国内绵羊参考值相比存在一定的差异,其中母羊血小板总数(PLT)和血小板压积(PCT)均极显著高于公羊(P<0.01),公羊甘油三酯(TG)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于母羊(P<0.05),其余各项指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,萨杜湖杂交羊在生长发育等方面都有不同程度的改进和提高,本试验结果可为该品种杂交羊进一步开发利用提供参考依据。     

去毒桐粕及其在畜牧生产上的应用

油桐(V ernicia fordii(H em sl)A iry-Shaw)属于大戟科(E uphorbiaceae)油桐属(V ernicia Lour),为中亚热带落叶乔木,原产于我国,有着悠久的栽培历史,是著名的经济植物之一。其主要产品是桐油,为最佳干性油之一,在工业上具有广泛用途。据统计,目前在国民经济领域中,直接或间接使用桐油的产品达l000种以上,且随着各种工业的日益发展,桐油的用途也将更为广泛。桐饼(粕)主要是油桐籽经榨取桐油后所剩余的副产品,由于不同的制油方法以及油脂厂所收购的桐果品种不一,且加工过程中加入的桐壳比例不同,因此在桐籽制取桐油的过程中,由机械压榨法…     

Study on Nutritional Characteristics of Cottonseed Hull as a Feed of Sheep

In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.     

鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶1基因的结构和功能

鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶1(OAZ1)基因可通过特殊的+1移码机制翻译全长的功能蛋白.研究发现,OAZ1能与鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)结合并降解ODC,负调控细胞内多胺的水平;OAZ1还能降解Cyclin D1、Cyclin E1和Smad1周期蛋白,阻滞细胞周期;此外,近年来研究表明,OAZI还具有抗肿瘤效应和调控动物繁殖的功能.抗酶抑制因子能竞争性结合ODC-OAZ1复合体中的OAZ1,从而阻止ODC降解;天门冬酰胺也能通过抑制OAZ1的翻译来调节ODC的活性.本文就OAZ1基因结构和功能的研究现状作一综述.     

对散养家禽的再认识及发展建议

2008年10月23-25日,笔者有幸赴印尼巴厘岛参加加拿大国际发展研究中心举办的“亚洲五国家禽庭院散养系统的特征和动态与禽流感风险管理”中期研讨会（东南亚五国为中国、印尼、泰国、越南、柬埔寨）,与会代表对散养家禽有关问题进行了广泛深入的讨论。受其启发,笔者结合平时在基层的调研与工作实践,拟从四个方面谈谈对散养家禽的几点认识。     

雌蚕无性克隆系的构建及应用研究

基于雌蚕无性克隆后代全雌、基因型完全一致的遗传特性,在家蚕遗传育种及杂种优势机理研究等方面具有重要价值.本文介绍了10余年来在雌蚕无性克隆性状的遗传特性、无性克隆系的构建及应用方面所取得的主要进展.