优质黑猪育种30年工作体会

品种是影响养猪生产中的最重要因素,猪育种是一项复杂且系统的工程,文章从育种素材筛选、育种方案设计、育种方法选择、品种审定以及扩群产业化推广等方面进行详细的阐述,并结合育种经验提出相应猪育种建议。     

南方双季稻区小行距插秧机的改进设计与试验

针对300mm行距插秧机在南方双季稻区栽插行距过大、穴数过少及不能充分发挥机插稻的增产潜力问题,在300mm行距插秧机结构的基础上,通过机械优化设计和田间农艺技术相结合的方法,对其插植部箱体、苗箱、支架(包括左右支架和中间支架)和浮板4个关键部位技术参数改进设计,研制出了适合南方双季稻区作业的2ZS-488B型(264mm行距)插秧机,并于2012-2013年在江西省2个试验点进行不同早晚稻品种机插行距的大田对比试验。结果表明:该插秧机作业性能稳定,漂秧率、伤秧率和漏插率分别为1.55%、2.68%和1.93%,相对均匀度合格率为89.54%。与300mm行距插秧机相比,其产量平均增产529.43kg/hm2,平均增产率达8.57%。该研究结果创新了南方双季稻区新的机械化栽插方式,有利于农机农艺的有效融合。     

转角法施工镀锌高强螺栓关键技术

常州现代传媒中心主塔楼屋顶高88 m的钢塔(塔桅钢结构)设计工艺复杂,施工难度极大,所有钢构件均进行热浸锌防腐处理,采用8.8级热浸锌高强螺栓连接。考虑到钢结构拼接节点热浸锌高强螺栓的安装质量直接影响塔桅钢结构的安全和稳定,通过对热浸锌高强螺栓施工工艺进行反复论证、试验,最终确定采用转角法施工热浸锌高强螺栓,取得了理想的施工效果,确保了工程施工质量。     

Evolution Analysis About Soybean MIR166 Family

MicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of important regulating non-coding small molecular RNA. The gma-MIR166 gene family consists of 21 members and their expression patterns diversify widely. It is important to analyze the evolution of gma-MIR166 gene family in order to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of miRNAs in soybean. In this study, we implemented soybean wide genome block analysis, the molecular phylogeny of gma-MIR166 and block analysis of gma-MIR166 family. The results showed that both chromosome big segmental duplications and tandem duplications were main reasons contributed to the expanding of gmaMIR166 gene family. These findings suggested that gma-MIR166 gene family might originate from one or two ancient miRNA genes. The results of research provided a support for evolutionary study of miRNAs in soybean and related species in Fabaceae.     

Effects of phytosterol ester on aortic aging and expression of related genes in rats

AIM: To explore the protective effect of phytosterol ester (PSE) on aortic aging in rats. METHODS: The female SD rats (12 months old, n=42) were randomly divided into control group, model group and PSE group. During the experiment, the rats in control group, model group and PSE group were treated with basic feed, high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with 2% PSE (W/W) for 6 months, respectively. The morphological changes of the aorta were observed by HE staining and Masson staining, and the absolute area of smooth muscle cells and collagen fiber in the vascular wall were measured by image analysis. The levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the plasma were detected. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at mRNA and protein levels in the vascular tissue was determined by real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: PSE significantly lowered plasma TC and LDL-C, and increased plasma HDL-C level (P<0.05), but had no effect on plasma TG level. PSE significantly attenuated the thickening of intima and media of aging aortic, and decreased the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the amount of VSMC and collagen fiber in the aorta (P<0.05). PSE significantly reduced the contents of AGEs and MDA (P<0.05), but had no effect on the activity of SOD and CAT in the plasma. PSE also down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PSE is able to attenuate the senescence process in the aorta by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in plasma, and activating SIRT1, or inhibiting the expression of PPARγ in vascular tissues.     

酒石酸泰万菌素对特定畜禽疫病防治功效研究进展

酒石酸泰万菌素(简称泰万菌素)系大环内酯类动物专用抗生素。本文综述了泰万菌素防治敏感细菌感染、支原体病、猪痢疾以及猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等畜禽疫病的功效研究成果,证实泰万菌素对于防治上述畜禽疫病功效显著。近年来研究发现,泰万菌素活性不同于其他类抗生素,可作为抗病毒药物使用,特别适用于对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的治疗。泰万菌素可抑制病毒复制,缩短病毒血症周期,降低死亡率,减轻临床症状;同时还可通过降低母猪流产率,提高产健康仔猪数以及改善母猪、仔猪病毒血症等,达到控制病毒垂直传播的目的。在当前日益关注兽药残留、动物源细菌耐药性的社会背景下,泰万菌素制剂能很好满足畜禽养殖场用药需求。     

复杂疾病的遗传咨询技术

复杂疾病大面积爆发使人们的生活健康面临着重大挑战。在这一环境下,遗传咨询在人们的生活中占据了越来越重要的地位。依据基因与环境互作共同影响个体健康的原理,咨询者在遗传咨询师的指导帮助下合理解决各种遗传学问题可以有效降低复杂疾病的发病率。目前国内的遗传咨询发展尚处于萌芽期,随着遗传咨询在健康领域的地位上升,该技术在未来将会进一步推广应用。     

浅议如何提高高校图书馆数据库利用率

当前各高校图书馆数据库的数量与日俱增．在数据库数量不断增加的同时．情况，发现并不是每个数据库的利用率都很理想，有不少数据库的利用率还一定的浪费。以贵州大学图书馆为例．通过研究贵州大学图书馆数据库的利利用率低的原因，并提出提高高校图书馆数据库利用率的一些措施和建议、，各高校开始关注数据库的使用比较低．对学校的投入造成了用现状．具体分析导致数据库     

城郊型乡村旅游发展现状及问题研究——基于信阳胡店乡村旅游调查分析

以河南省信阳市胡店乡为研究区域，对信阳胡店乡村旅游现状进行具体调查分析，归纳出胡店乡村旅游发展中凸显的问题，可为城郊型乡村旅游发展研究提供一定的借鉴。     

美洲矾根愈伤组织诱导及其快繁技术体系研究

以矾根(Heuchera micrantha)植株不同器官为外植体材料,MS培养基为基本培养基,探索了矾根组织培养与快繁技术体系。结果表明,选取幼芽作为外植体时快繁效率最高,最适芽诱导培养基配方为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA,采用4/5MS+0.2 mg/LNAA的生根培养方案较为适宜。