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51.
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为检测X射线对日本沼虾精子的灭活效果,利用X射线对雄性日本沼虾进行不同时间的照射处理,将处理后的雄虾与刚完成生殖脱壳的雌虾交配。待雌虾产卵后,计数雌虾抱卵天数,并在显微镜下观察卵的畸形情况。X射线管照射强度为100 k V,5 m A,源距10 cm,照射时间为0、30、60、90、120 min。结果发现:照射30 min组的抱卵天数及卵的畸形率较0 min组无变化,卵的畸形率为0,卵能正常发育至孵化出膜。随着照射时间的增加,在30~90 min之间,雌虾抱卵天数逐渐减少,且所抱卵的畸形率呈上升趋势。照射120 min组的抱卵天数较90 min组变化不大,卵的畸形率达100%。在本试验照射时间范围(0~120 min)内,灭活日本沼虾精子遗传物质的最佳照射时间为90~120 min。 相似文献
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研究了不同热泵干燥温度下小黄鱼的干燥特性,并对其干燥品质进行分析。结果表明在干燥温度55℃、铺放密度为6.48 kg/m2的条件下干燥时间为13.5 h,干燥品质最优。在综合考虑能耗、企业加工条件和产品品质的前提下,将生产工艺参数确定为:干燥温度60℃、铺放密度为6~7 kg/m2,干燥时间为10~12 h。根据企业日处理量5.5~6.0 t的加工要求,通过对产能核算及加工成本计算,确定设备选型方案为:1台GHRH-510型热泵干燥机与2台GHRH-340型热泵干燥机,该方案投资回报期短,社会效益明显。 相似文献
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Intercropping, drip irrigation, and the use of plastic mulch are important management practices, which can, when utilized simultaneously, increase crop production and save irrigation water. Investigating soil water dynamics in the root zone of the intercropping field under such conditions is essential in order to understand the combined effects of these practices and to promote their wider use. However, not much work has been done to investigate soil water dynamics in the root zone of drip-irrigated, strip intercropping fields under plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate soil water contents (SWC) at different locations, for different irrigation treatments, and with respect to dripper lines and plants (corn and tomatoes). Experimental data were then used to calibrate the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model. Comparison between experimental data and model simulations showed that HYDRUS (2D/3D) described different irrigation events and SWC in the root zone well, with average relative errors of 10.8, 9.5, and 11.6 % for irrigation treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively, and with corresponding root mean square errors of 0.043, 0.035, and 0.040 cm3 cm?3, respectively. The results showed that the SWC in the shallow root zone (0–40 cm) was lower under non-mulched locations than under mulched locations, irrespective of the irrigation treatment, while no significant differences in the SWC were observed in the deeper root zone (40–100 cm). The SWC in the shallow root zone was significantly higher for the high irrigation treatment (T1) than for the low irrigation treatment, while, again, no differences were observed in the deeper root zone. Simulations of two-dimensional SWC distributions revealed that the low irrigation treatment (T3) produced serious severe water stress (with SWCs near the wilting point) in the 30–40 cm part of the root zone, and that using separate drip emitter lines for each crop is well suited for producing the optimal soil water distribution pattern in the root zone of the intercropping field. The results of this study can be very useful in designing an optimal irrigation plan for intercropped fields. 相似文献
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汽油机冷起动HC排放的机理与控制策略 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为适应欧Ⅲ以上汽车法规,对点燃式发动机冷起动工况下HC排放的研究已经成为目前发动机领域的热点之一.为了更好地控制冷起动排放,合理组织燃烧过程,要求对点燃式发动机冷起动HC排放特性有更深入的了解.本文基于国内外研究进展,介绍了冷起动工况下催化器前发动机HC排放的特点,影响排放的重要因素,以及形成的机理,特别是进一步降低和控制冷起动HC排放的发展方向. 相似文献
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基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了一种基于框架理论的变电站操作票自动生成系统。该系统用框架知识表示法来描述电力系统的设备参数,建构了一个直观的、层次分明的数据结构。通过融合框架理论于面向对象的语言VC 中,开发出了一个集通用、实用、智能于一体的操作票专家系统。 相似文献
60.
Incorporation of ridge and furrow method of rainfall harvesting with mulching for crop production under semiarid conditions 总被引:31,自引:0,他引:31
Xiao-Yan Li Jia-Dong Gong Qian-Zhao Gao Feng-Rui Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2001,50(3):173-183
A plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) system combined with mulches was designed to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. The system was built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges served as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. Some materials were also used to mulch the furrows to increase the effectiveness of the harvested water. This system can make better utilization of light rain by harvesting rainwater through the plastic-covered ridge. The field experiment (using corn as an indicator crop) showed that grain yields in the PRFRH system with mulches in 1998 and 1999 were significantly higher than the controls, with an increase of 4010–5297 kg per ha (108–143%). In most treatments, the water use efficiencies (WUE) were in excess of 2.0 kg m−3. The WUE values of corn in this system were 1.9 times greater than the controls in 1998 and 1.4 times greater than the controls in 1999. The plastic-covered ridge led to a yield increase of 3430 kg per ha (92%) in 1998 and of 1126 kg per ha (21%) in 1999 compared with the uncovered ridge. On average, the additional mulches in the furrow brought about a yield increase of 8–25%. Based on the results of this study and other researches, this technique can increase corn grain yield by 60–95% in drought and average years, 70–90% in wet years, and 20–30% in very wet years. The PRFRH system had the potential to increase crop yield and produced greater economic benefit, therefore it could be used in regions dominated by light rainfall of low intensity where crops generally fail due to water stress. 相似文献