Interannual variability in stock abundance of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, in the North Pacific Ocean during 1979–1998: impact of driftnet fishing and oceanographic conditions

Variability in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) was examined for the autumn cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii collected with research driftnets during 1979–1998 along five longitudinal transects passing through the Subarctic, Transitional and Subtropical Domains in the North Pacific. CPUE was generally low during the period of intensive commercial driftnet fishing (1980–1992) and increased following the 1992 moratorium on the use of large-scale driftnets. However, CPUE levels were low for the cohorts hatched in 1992 and 1996 (captured in subsequent years owing to a one-year life of O. bartramii ) that experienced low sea surface temperatures from hatching to recruitment. Among similar-aged squid collected from 180° and 179°30'W in June, mantle lengths were significantly greater in 1997 than during 1995–96. These findings suggest that the driftnet fishery and sea surface temperatures from hatching to recruitment strongly affected stock abundance and possibly growth.     

Effects of Garcinia cambogia extract on serum sex hormones in overweight subjects

(-) Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), an active ingredient extracted from the Garcinia cambogia fruit rind, has been commonly used as a dietary supplement for weight management. Given the controversy over HCA related testicular toxicity in animal studies, we investigated changes in serum sex hormones levels as an extension of our previous double-blind placebo-controlled trial in human subjects, in which 44 participants received either G. cambogia extract (1667.3 mg/day equivalent to 1000 mg HCA/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Compared to the placebo group, administration of the extract did not significantly alter the serum testosterone, estrone, and estradiol levels. Similarly, hematology, serum triacylglycerol and serum clinical pathology parameters did not reveal any significant adverse effects. The results of this preliminary investigation indicate that ingestion of G. cambogia extract at dose levels commonly recommended for human use does not affect serum sex hormone levels and blood parameters.     

生物炭对菜园土化学肥力的影响（英文）

[目的]探讨生物炭对菜园土化学肥力的影响。[方法]采用盆栽试验,研究菜园土添加生物炭后土壤pH、有机质、有效氮、速效钾、有效磷、水溶性磷、交换性Ca、Mg等养分含量的变化。试验设置5个处理,分别为对照CK（不施生物炭）、T1（0.10%生物炭）、T2（0.25%生物炭）、T3（0.50%生物炭）、T4（1.00%生物炭）。[结果]不同处理的土壤pH、有机质、速效钾含量均随生物炭施用量的增多而显著增加,表现为T4〉T3〉T2〉T1〉CK;土壤有效磷和水溶性磷含量则呈现先增加后降低的趋势,均表现为T3最高,CK最低;有效氮和交换性Mg无显著性变化;与不施生物炭对照相比,适量添加生物炭后土壤的交换性Ca含量显著增加。[结论]生物炭能够显著提高菜园土化学肥力和化学性状,并且在T3（0.50%生物炭）施用条件下效果最佳。     

长期施肥模式对双季水稻生理特性与产量的影响

为探明双季稻区不同施肥模式下双季水稻生理特性及产量的变化,本研究依托设置在湖南宁乡的长期大田定位试验,自1986年—至今,共设化肥(MF)、秸秆还田+化肥(RF)、30%有机肥(LOM)、60%有机肥(HOM)和无肥对照(CK)5种施肥处理,于2015—2016年取样,系统分析不同处理双季水稻植株叶片保护性酶活性、光合特性及产量的变化。结果表明,施肥条件下,早、晚稻各生育时期叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性提高,丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量降低,叶片净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)大小顺序分别表现为LOMHOMRFMFCK和RFLOMHOMMFCK;叶片气孔导度(Gs)均表现为HOMLOMRF MFCK。2个年份的早稻产量均以LOM和HOM处理为最高,分别比CK处理增加3 582.5~3 650.0kg/hm~2和2 569.5~2 641.5kg/hm~2;晚稻产量均以RF和LOM处理为最高,分别比CK处理增加2 480.0~2 757.5kg/hm~2和2 827.5~3 118.5kg/hm~2。总的来说,有机肥与化肥配合施用有利于提高双季水稻叶片保护性酶活性和光合特性。     

Immunolocalization of steroidogenic enzymes in the corpus luteum and placenta of the Japanese Shiba goat

In this study, we performed immunohistochemistry of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (P450scc), 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3betaHSD), cytochrome 17alpha-hydroxylase P450 (P450c17), and cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) in the corpus luteum and placenta of Shiba goats. The aim was to clarify the steroidogenic capability of the corpus luteum and placenta of Shiba goats. Ovaries containing corpora lutea were obtained from four adult Shiba goats during the luteal phase (day10; n=2) and pregnancy (90 and 120 days of gestation). Placenta was obtained from one Shiba goat on day 120 of gestation. The sections of the ovaries and placentae were immunostained using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (ABC) with polyclonal antibodies generated against steroidogenic enzymes of mammalian origin. All luteal cells expressed P450scc, 3betaHSD, P450c17 and P450arom. The distribution of P450scc, 3betaHSD, P450c17 and P450arom were not different during the luteal phase and pregnancy. P450arom showed a weak positive staining in late pregnancy (120 days). In addition, immunoreactions for P450c17 and P450arom were observed in syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta of one Shiba goat. These results indicate that, in Shiba goats, corpus luteum is not only an important source of progesterone but also has the ability to synthesize androgen and estrogen during the luteal phase and pregnancy. Also the placenta has the ability to synthesize androgen and estrogen in late pregnancy.     

水稻维生素C合成相关基因的表达分析

根据拟南芥中参和维生素C合成和代谢关键酶的氨基酸序列,经在公共数据库中搜索比对获得了水稻中参与维生素C合成相关基因的信息.在此基础上,利用实时定量PCR技术对这些基因在水稻不同组织器官以及发育种子中的表达进行分析.结果表明:水稻维生素C合成相关基因在叶中的表达量最高,其次是叶鞘和籽粒,茎和根中的表达量最低,而幼嫩叶片中...     

基于高斯随机扰动的潜在蒸散敏感性分析

旨在定量分析不同气象要素对潜在蒸散量敏感性大小的时空分布,以期为提高蒸散量计算精度提供依据。以1961年1月1日—2012年12月31日的日观测资料为基础,通过添加高斯分布随机扰动,计算各要素的敏感系数。研究表明：安徽全区年尺度上,日照时数和平均风速的敏感性最高,敏感系数分为0.1258和0.1089;月尺度上,4—9月蒸散量的主要敏感因素为日照时数,10月至次年3月的主要敏感因素为平均风速和实际水汽压。敏感性空间分布不均,淮河以北地区平均风速为主要敏感因素;淮河以南地区则仍是日照时数为主要敏感因素。     

青海12号蚕豆栽培技术优化研究

采用二次饱和D－最优化设计,以肥料（x1）、密度（x2）与打顶期（x3）等3项蚕豆主要农艺措施为试验变量,建立青海12号蚕豆产量与主要变量的数学模型,以模型为基础,分析各因素对青海12号蚕豆产量的影响效应,并决策优化栽培方案,为丰产栽培技术规范制定提供依据。     

低能离子束介导大豆DNA的小麦雄性不育变异体蛋白水解酶分析

离子束介导转基因技术[1,2]为远缘分子杂交育种开辟了一条新途径.近年来,这项技术引起了越来越多的育种工作者的关注和应用[3,4],我们运用这项技术,将大豆DNA导入小麦,在当代就获得了一批性状优良的新株系[4].通过对新材料的连续筛选,在第3代发现有个别材料分离出雄性不育变异株(见表1).我们利用复性电泳技术对雄性不育株和可     

Induction of oestrus by administering Inhibin antiserum along with equine chorionic gonadotropin in anoestrous bitches

As dogs experience oestrus only once or twice a year, it is necessary to establish an effective method of oestrous induction for efficient breeding. In the present study, we evaluated inhibin antiserum (IAS) on oestrous induction in anoestrous females. Bitches were administered 0.5 ml/kg IAS or a mixture of 50 IU/kg equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 0.5 ml/kg IAS and 500 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administered 7 days after the mixture injection. As a control, bitches received 50 IU/kg eCG, with 500 IU hCG administered 7 days after eCG injection. Blood-tinged vaginal discharge, vulvar swelling, plasma progesterone concentrations and ovarian follicular development were assessed from day 0 to day 14. IAS alone injection did not induce oestrus in bitches at the anoestrous stage. Conversely, vulvar swelling, blood-tinged vaginal discharge and an estimated luteinizing hormone (LH) surge appeared on days 3–7, days 3–6 and days 7–9 after the IAS+eCG mixture injection, respectively, in all five bitches at the anoestrous stage. The average number of developing and ovulated follicles in bitches administered IAS+eCG was 8.8 and 9.6 respectively. A single eCG injection followed by hCG induced oestrous signs, with an average of 8.3 developing follicles and 4.5 ovulated follicles. This study revealed that IAS alone did not induce oestrus, but when IAS was used in combination with eCG, it induced oestrus and promoted a considerable number of ovulations in anoestrous dogs.