Erythrocyte-replaced mouse model for Haemoparasite studies: comparison of NOD/shi-scid and C.B-17/Jcl-scid mouse upon acceptability of human erythrocytes

The erythrocyte-exchanged chimera mouse model has become to be a significant tool for studying animal and human (hu) protozoan haemoparasites, though the usefulness of this model varies depending primarily on the acceptability of xenogeneic red blood cells (RBC). To find a superior recipient in comparison with C.B-17/Jcl mouse with severe combined immuno-deficiency (scid) mutation, we examined in this report the non-obese diabetes (NOD)/shi-scid mouse, a recently available strain of SCID. When 2.5 x 10(8) of fluorescent dye-labeled hu-RBCs were transfused, C.B-17scid mouse eliminated them logarithmically by a simple linear regression, while NOD-scid mouse eradicated hu-RBCs by a unique two-step fashion, i.e., a potent but only briefly functioning RBC eradication followed by a weak steadily functioning step. The means of regression line constance +/- their standard deviations (SD) of 205 C.B-17scid and of 213 NOD-scid mice for their short- and long-lasting steps were -0.73 +/- 0.63, -0.53 +/- 0.25 and -0.16 +/- 0.10, respectively. Hu-RBC half-lives determined from these means of C.B-17scid mice and of NOD-scid mice for the short- and long-living steps were 3.6, 4.9 and 16.3 hr, respectively. Higher hu-RBC acceptability of NOD-scid mouse, especially at their long-lasting step, was also demonstrated under at an activated state of mouse innate immunity. Treatment with 1.0 mg heat-killed Candida cells caused an acceleration of hu-RBC elimination in both mouse strains but the magnitudes for the short- and long-living steps of NOD-scid mice evaluated by "stimulation index" were only 1/2.6 and 1/7.6 of C.B-17scid mice, respectively.     

桑树杂交组合桂桑优12的育成

应用遗传互补和杂种优势原理 ,育成桑树新品种 (杂交组合 )桂桑优 12。其F1群体整齐、发条数多、枝高节密、叶大叶厚、耐剪伐、再生能力强、发芽较早、收造较晚、产叶量较高、叶质较优、繁育较易 ,适宜常规栽培以及加速生丰产和省力化养蚕栽培。与对照沙 2×伦 10 9相比 ,每公顷桑叶产量增产 11 36 % ,桑叶养蚕万头蚕产茧层量增加 4 4 2 % ,10 0kg桑叶产茧量增产 3 18% ,每公顷桑园产茧量增产 19 6 3%。     

茶皂素在动物生产中的应用

茶皂素的生物活性与其结构有关,本文就茶皂素的组成、结构,生物活性及茶皂素在动物生产中的应用作一综述。     

牛分枝杆菌抗原MPB70、MPB83和ESAT-6的融合表达及重组蛋白的初步应用

应用PCR方法从牛分枝杆菌Vallee株基因组中扩增获得mpb70、mpb83和esat-6三个目的基因片段。采用重叠延伸剪接技术(splicing by overlap extension,SOE)获得融合基因mpb70-mpb83后,将mpb70-mpb83和esat-6串连于同一表达载体pET32a( )中得到重组质粒pET70-83-E6。转化BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌感受态后,经IPTG诱导以可溶的形式表达融合蛋白。用Ni2 亲合层析的方法纯化该融合蛋白。Western blot分析显示:该融合蛋白能与抗牛分枝杆菌阳性血清发生特异性反应,而与牛副结核病阳性血清不反应。用该纯化蛋白初步建立了间接ELISA方法,并检测了117份临床血清样本(其中67份为PPD阳性牛血清),阳性率为39.32%(46/117)份,与PPD皮试诊断的符合率为82.05%(96/117)。     

鲁西黄牛体细胞克隆保种技术的研究

以体外培养的鲁西黄牛耳皮肤成纤维细胞作核供体，研究利用体细胞克隆技术保存我国地方黄牛优良品种的技术方法。通过组织块培养法建立的鲁西黄牛（1♂，4♀）成纤维细胞系，作为核移植供体细胞，利用屠宰场母牛卵巢卵母细胞经体外培养成熟后作为核受体进行核移植，试验结果表明：重构胚的融合率为62．5％（242／387），分裂率为63．6％（154／242），体外培养第7天囊胚发育率为42．9％（66／154）。体外培养第7天的囊胚的内细胞团细胞（ICM）与滋养层细胞数平均为37和47，ICM占44．2％。体外发育到7d的囊胚新鲜胚胎的移植妊娠率（新鲜胚胎）移植受体10头，60d妊娠率为20％（2／10）。     

生物共生理论对构建和谐社会的科学指导意义

在人类居住的“地球村”里，生存着多种多样的生物，他们之间存在着千丝万缕的奇妙关系，生物共生就是这些关系之一。分析生物共生理念的产生根源，回顾生物共生理论的发展轨迹，对目前人类认识的生物共生现象进行了归类阐述，提出生物共生理论资源对构建和谐社会具有科学的指导意义。     

松嫩平原西部荒漠化景观动态及驱动力研究-以吉林省大安市为研究区域

以松嫩平原西部荒漠化的典型区域大安市为研究对象,在GIS平台下,根据1986年,1996年和2000年TM影像解译获取的景观动态数据,分析近15年大安市荒漠化土地动态变化规律。并应用Markov模型预测大安市景观格局动态,结果表明如不采取合理有效的措施,2050年荒漠化土地将占土地总面积的42.30%,高-中覆盖度草地,水域,沼泽将大面积退化,分别仅占1986年水平的48.69%,24.71%和22.74%。在此基础之上,运用灰色关联方法分析了土地荒漠化的主要驱动因子。近15年来筑路、开荒等不合理的社会经济活动是土地荒漠化的主要驱动因子;气候因子的变动有利于土地荒漠化过程的发展,是土地荒漠化过程的背景因子;水文因子迭加了人类的无序开发、利用,是土地荒漠化过程的重要影响因子。     

Effect of Supplementing Alfalfa Powder to Diet on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Goose

The experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary alfalfa powder on the growth performance,body size,slaughter performance,organ index and meat quality of Siji geese.A total of 256 15-day-old geese (half male and half female) with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with 4 replicates of 16 geese each.The geese in control group were fed with corn-soybean meal-based diet (control diet),and geese in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet replaced with 10%,20% and 30% alfalfa powder,respectively.The results showed that,compared with the control group,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily intake,average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,body oblique length,keel length,shin circumference,semi diving length,chest width and shin length (P>0.05),and also had no effect on the carcass ratio,half-eviscerated carcass ratio and pectoral muscle ratio (P>0.05).However,dietary 20% and 30% alfalfa powder supplementation significantly increased the chest depth (P<0.05),dietary 30% alfalfa powder significantly decreased the full-eviscerated carcass ratio (P<0.05),and dietary 10% alfalfa powder significantly increased the leg muscle ratio (P<0.05) of geese.In addition,dietary alfalfa powder significantly decreased the abdominal fat ratio (P<0.05),raised the growth index of liver,jejunum,ileum,and cecum (P<0.05),and increased the water loss rate of pectoral muscle and leg muscle (P<0.05) compared with the control group.Dietary 10% and 30% alfalfa powder significantly increased duodenal growth index (P<0.05) of geese.In conclusion,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation might improve the slaughter performance (increase chest depth and leg muscle ratio,reduce abdominal fat rate) and organ growth index (increase the growth index of liver,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and cecum).However,dietary alfalfa powder increased water loss rates in pectoral muscle and leg muscle,and 30% alfalfa powder reduced the full-eviscerated carcass ratio of geese.The appropriate supplementation level of alfalfa powder was recommended at 10% in the present study.     

脂肪对家禽免疫的影响

营养因素对家禽免疫具有重要作用。脂肪是家禽必需的重要营养元素之一，不仅是维持家禽正常生长、繁殖、生产不可缺少的组成成分与营养物质，也是调节家禽免疫器官、组织和免疫应答反应不可缺少的物质基础。作者从脂肪的生理营养功能，就其对家禽的免疫器官发育、体液免疫、细胞免疫、非特异性免疫、细胞因子产生的影响等方面进行了综述。为合理配制家禽日粮，提高家禽抵抗疾病的能力提供理论依据。     

亚洲璃眼蜱差异表达新基因P18的克隆和鉴定

为了进行抗蜱和蜱传病疫苗的研究,本实验对亚洲璃眼蜱雌蜱吸血前后唾液腺消减文库中获取的一个全长编码基因P18进行了研究。该基因全长519bp,共编码170个氨基酸,分子量为18.36Ku,等电点为4.28。BLAST分析表明,该基因预测的氨基酸与肩突硬蜱、篦子硬蜱唾液腺的抗凝血小肽有30%～40%低度同源性。将该基因亚克隆到pET-32a( )表达载体,转化BL21(DE3)宿主菌,经IPTG诱导,重组融合蛋白以可溶性形式高效表达。将可溶性重组蛋白免疫小鼠后获得的抗血清。经免疫印迹分析表明,该重组蛋白抗体可特异性的识别半饱雌蜱唾液腺中的天然蛋白抗原,而未吸血雌蜱唾液腺中则不显现特异条带。RT-PCR结果进一步证实,该基因在蜱吸血后的唾液腺中差异表达。