Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phosphoramide derivatives as urease inhibitors

The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phosphoramide derivatives as urease inhibitors to reduce the loss of ammonia has been carried out. Forty phosphorus derivatives were synthesized and their inhibitory activities evaluated against that of jack bean urease. In addition, in vivo assays have been carried out. All of the compounds were characterized by IR, (1)H NMR, MS, and elemental microanalysis. In some cases, detailed molecular modeling studies were carried out, and these highlighted the interaction between the enzyme active center and the compounds and also the characteristics related to their activity as urease inhibitors. According to the IC(50) values for in vitro inhibitory activity, 12 compounds showed values below 1 microM and 8 of them represent improvements of activity in comparison to the commercial urease inhibitor N-n-butylthiophosphorictriamide (NBPT) (100 nM) (AGROTAIN). On the basis of the activity results and the conclusions of the molecular modeling study, a structural model for new potential inhibitors has been defined.     

Effects of soybean meal and high‐protein sunflower meal on growth performance,feed utilization,gut health and gene expression in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at the grow‐out stage

The effects of two plant ingredients (solvent‐extracted soybean meal [SBM] and high‐protein sunflower meal [HPSFM]) and three inclusion levels (0 percent, practical diet containing 25 percent fish meal; 12.5 percent; and 25 percent) of these ingredients were investigated on the growth, feed utilization, gut histology and gene expression in the distal intestine of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (average initial weight, 330.1 ± 8.9 g per fish). Feeding experimental diets for 12 weeks resulted in no difference between HPSFM diets in body weight gain (BWG), thermal‐unit growth coefficient (TGC), feed efficiency (FE), feed intake (FI) or pro‐inflammatory mRNA expression (PIE) with increasing dietary inclusion and between SBM FE, FI and PIE. Differences in quadratic contrasts were observed for nitrogen deposition rate (NDR) and nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE) (p < .05), whereby HPSFM diets elicited the strongest positive response. SBM resulted in linear reduction in BWG, TGC and distal intestine simple fold length and width measurements (p < .05) with stepwise increases in dietary inclusion, whereas dietary HPSFM had no effect. Histological observations of individual villi indicated several symptoms of non‐infectious subacute gastrointestinal enteritis in tanks fed SBM, many of which were not present in tanks fed HPSFM. The dietary HPSFM seems to be more adequate to replace fishmeal in Arctic charr diet than SBM, when fed at a level of up to 25 percent at the grow‐out stage.     

酉州乌羊、白山羊和波杂羊的屠宰性能及肉品质研究

随机选择6月龄酉州乌羊、本地白山羊和波杂羊公羊各3只,屠宰后进行屠宰性能和肉品质研究.结果表明:1酉州乌羊与本地白山羊生长性状、屠宰性能和肉品质指标均差异不具有统计学意义(p0.05).2酉州乌羊的体高极显著低于波杂羊(p0.01),管围显著短于波杂羊(p0.05).3酉州乌羊的肉骨比高于其他群体,宰后质量、胴体长极显著低于波杂羊(p0.01),胴体质量、骨质量、净肉质量显著低于波杂羊(p0.05).4酉州乌羊的皮质量、皮厚、皮张面积、前蹄质量、后蹄质量、肝脏质量、脾脏质量、左肾质量、内脂质量、小肠净质量极显著低于波杂羊(p0.01),心脏质量、脾脏质量、右肾质量、胃含内容物质量、小肠含内容物质量、小肠长度、大肠含内容物质量、大肠净质量显著低于波杂羊(p0.05).5酉州乌羊与波杂羊的肉品质指标差异不具有统计学意义(p0.05).     

不同药剂对花生蛴螬的防治效果试验比较

田间药效试验结果表明．供试验的4种杀虫剂对花生蛴螬均有较好的防治效果和速效性、持效性。收获后,毒死蜱30％微囊悬浮剂、辛硫磷30％微囊悬浮剂、毒·辛30％乳油和甲·克25％悬浮剂对花生蛴螬的防效均在82％以上。4种杀虫剂均可作为防治花生蛴螬的优良药剂。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎HT株的分离,鉴定与定型试验

近年来从山东省等地曾发生过猪传染性胸膜肺炎的一些猪场,分离并获得了ＡＰＰ菌株１８株。１９９８年又从青岛地区发病猪场分离到ＡＰＰ菌ＨＴ株,经鉴定确认为ＡＰＰ８型     

兔粘液瘤病诊断方法的研究

注射过粘液瘤病毒的兔子全部死亡,主要病变为皮下发生粘液性肿胀,和真皮中有星形、梭形或蝌蚪形瘤细胞浸润,在表皮的基细胞和棘细胞层中及瘤细胞中存在有不同阶段的病毒粒子和病毒包涵体,建立了琼脂扩散检测法用于粘液瘤病的诊断。