Effects of Donor Cells Treated with Egg Extracts on the Development Competence of Cloned Embryos

Japanese Balck cattle fetal fibroblasts (JBCFF) were induced with Xenopus leavis egg extracts and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was carried out with the reprogrammed JBCFF as donor cells in order to investigate their effects on SCNT efficiency.Three samples of egg extracts were acquired from different Xenopus laevis.The protein contents and kinds in extracts were evaluated with BCA Protein Quantification Kit and SDS-PAGE.Concentration of Digitonin to permeabilize JBCFF was optimized and assessed with PI staining.Reprogrammed cells treated with egg extract were used as donor in SCNT.Additionally the reconstructed embryos were activated with ionomycin+6-DMAP and A23187+6-DMAP to compare their effects on the development competence.The protein contents of extracts samples were 56.2255,64.6570 and 71.2158 μg/mL,respectively,the each extract had the same composition about 40-55 and 70-100 ku.The optimal concentration of Digitonin was 7 μg/mL and the permeabilization rate was 55.44%.After extracts treatment and continuous culture for 6-7 d,JBCFF formed well-defined colony structures.No significant composition difference was found in rates of fusion (92.83% vs 96.04%),cleavage (89.64% vs 89.78%) and blastocyst formation (24.06% vs 23.12%) of cloned embryos when the colony cells and JBCFF without extracts treatment were used as donor cells (P>0.05).Similarly,the two activation methods had no significant effect on the developmental competence of cloned embryos (cleavage rate 92.16% vs 92.28%,blastocyst rate 23.21% vs 24.18%).Conclusively,Xenopus leavis,egg extracts could induce JBCFF reprogramming to a low differentiated state.However donor cells with reprogramming partially could not improve the development of cloned embryos and its mechanism requires further research.     

武汉地区梨瘿蚊生物学特性及其种群动态变化研究

以梨瘿蚊为研究对象,采用显微观察及田间统计方法,调查了梨瘿蚊的危害症状,梨瘿蚊卵、幼虫、成虫的形态特征及其产卵习性等生物学特性,系统研究了梨瘿蚊成虫种群和幼虫种群动态变化及梨园天敌昆虫的动态变化。结果表明:梨瘿蚊在湖北省梨产区1年发生3代,越冬代成虫羽化出土时间周期较长,从2月下旬出土,一直持续到3月下旬羽化达到高峰,梨瘿蚊幼虫种群在1年中出现3次危害高峰,危害高峰在梨瘿蚊成虫羽化后20~30d后出现;当环境温度高于30℃时,梨瘿蚊幼虫结茧化蛹,不再羽化;梨园中梨瘿蚊的天敌昆虫的种类主要包括草蛉、异色瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫、食蚜蝇、蜘蛛和蚂蚁等。     

罗布泊钾盐矿区绿化施工与管护技术

罗布泊钾盐矿区绿化工程项目区位于素有"绿化禁区"之称的罗布泊腹地,该工程克服了极端干旱、高温、多风大风、盐土和盐尘等诸多不利环境因素,采用了适宜的盐土改良措施和管护技术,让"死亡之海"出现了人工绿色,同时改善了矿区的办公环境,为极端环境下的绿化工程提供了成功案例。     

植物源杀虫剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫毒力及应用价值评价

以韭菜迟眼蕈蚊为试虫,采用药液定量滴加法及盆栽试验,研究了4种植物源药剂对韭蛆幼虫毒力及亚致死剂量效应。结果表明:印楝素、莨菪碱、烟碱和苦参碱对韭蛆幼虫毒力较高,其毒力与阿维菌素差异不大。苦参碱和印楝素亚致死剂量处理试虫的存活率均降低,并抑制成虫产卵,成虫产卵率下降;此外,苦参碱和印楝素处理的幼虫发育历期较对照和辛硫磷也显著延长。盆栽试验证明,植物源杀虫剂对韭蛆有一定的控制作用,并且半剂量噻虫胺与印楝素混用对韭蛆控制起到明显的增效作用,而噻虫胺与烟碱混用对韭蛆控制无明显的增效作用。因此,推荐生产中采用噻虫胺与印楝素混用,共同控制韭蛆。     

野生蝉花液体菌种培养条件的优化

以野生蝉花菌种为试材,采用液体培养法,研究了碳源、氮源、微量营养和pH对野生蝉花菌种生长的影响,以期为标准化、规模化、产业化人工栽培蝉花提供优质种源。结果表明:将野生蝉花菌株接种到液体培养基中,在19℃,转速120r·min-1恒温振荡摇床内培养,蝉花菌种的最适液体培养基组分为可溶性淀粉20g,奶粉10g,磷酸二氢钾0.5g,硫酸镁1g,维生素B1210片,水1 000mL,最适pH 5.0~6.0。     

青藏铁路沿线植物生态资源调查初步报告

通过对格尔木至拉萨段铁路沿线目前生态环境和青藏铁路建设过程中产生的生态环境影响为期21 d的调查,初步总结沿线主要植物种382个,主要呈现出5个生态分区,并提出青藏铁路后期建设的建议.     

内蒙古普通菜豆枯萎病病原菌鉴定

<正>普通菜豆(Common bean),俗称芸豆(Kidney bean),为豆科(Fabaceae)菜豆属一年生草本植物,营养丰富,蛋白质含量高,既是蔬菜又是粮食,是重要的农副产品。内蒙古自治区是我国种植普通菜豆的主要地区之一。随着普通菜豆栽培面积以及连作年限不断增加,病虫害问题日益突出,尤其是枯萎病,严重影响了普通菜豆的产量和品质,已成为限制普通菜豆产业可持续发展的主要因素之一。2021年7月,     

36个小麦审定和区试品种(系)的抗白粉病基因推导

明确我国当前小麦审定和区试品种含有的抗白粉病基因, 可为这些品种在小麦抗病育种中的应用及品种合理布局和轮换提供依据。本研究采用24个不同毒性的小麦白粉菌菌株对36个小麦审定和区试品种(系)进行抗白粉病基因推导, 参试品种(系)与46个已知抗病基因小麦品种(系)抗谱比较的结果表明, 11个小麦审定品种中有5个品种对所有供试白粉菌菌株表现抗性, 结合亲本溯源, 推测其中有3个品种可能携有Pm21基因; 另外6个审定品种中有5个品种可能含有抗病基因Pm2, 且其对应的亲本或亲本组合中含有抗病基因Pm2。25个区试品种(系)中有3个可能含有Pm21, 10个含有Pm2, 1个含有Pm2+6,2个含有Pm4b,1个含有Pm8。另外, 参试的36个品种(系)中还有9个品种(系)和已知基因品种抗谱存在一定差异。总体上, 推导出已知基因的品种以含有Pm2基因的品种最多, Pm21基因的品种次之, 建议在生产上加强对Pm21基因品种(系)特别是已审定的携有Pm21基因品种的推广和应用, 应该注意一些省份在育种和生产上应慎用或少用含Pm2基因的品种(系)。     

rep-PCR法对稻瘟病菌有性后代随机群体的评价

构建稻瘟病菌有性后代随机群体是研究目的基因遗传特点，乃至克隆目的基因的重要基础，但是在建立有性后代随机群体时，可能会有无性后代污染。采用先分离单个子囊，待其长成菌落并产生分生孢子后，再分离单个萌发的分生孢子的方法构建稻瘟病菌有性后代随机群体。利用基于重复DNA序列Pot2的rep-PCR方法对分离得到的有性后代进行DNA指纹分析，并评价构建的稻瘟病菌有性后代群体的质量。结果表明，构建的有性后代随机群体共包含176个后代。每个后代个体的DNA指纹图谱均与两亲本的DNA指纹图谱不一致；有性后代之间的DNA指纹图谱也彼此不一样，说明得到的有性后代个体都是由子囊孢子萌发形成的，且分离自不同的子囊。GUY11的rep-PCR扩增片段中的5个特异性片段的分离比例也都符合1:1的期望值，是按单个位点标记分离的，与已知的结果相吻合，说明有性后代随机群体的质量较高，不存在偏离现象，是一个较为理想的群体。同时，研究结果还得出基于Pot2的rep-PCR方法可以用来快速评价稻瘟病菌有性后代群体的质量。     

Analysis on Longitudinal Cracks and Deflection of the Pre-stressed V-shape Slab Roof Structure

In this paper, the finite element method is used to analyze the behavior of the prestressed V-shape Slab Roof structure, especially the effect of temperature change on the stress of slab. The calculated results indicate that when the temperature changes, the tensile stress at the lower extreme fibers of the flange plate near rib exceeds the tensile strength of concrete subjected to the combined action of triaxial stresses and results in the longitudinal cracks of the flange plate. The deflection analysis is based on the mechanical model of the prestressed V shape slab with the longitudinal cracks. The calculated results are in general agreement with the field observations.