信息熵综合评价方法在小麦品种区域试验中的应用

运用信息熵原理,建立了作物品种综合评价模型,提出了品种多目标综合评价方法,结合小麦品种区域试验,具体介绍了这种方法的应用.研究表明,信息熵综合评价方法对于客观综合评价品种,具有重要的参考价值.     

福建省林地征占用现状、趋势及利用对策

以福建省林地资源为研究对象,从分析林地资源现状入手,阐述了林地管理中存在的主要问题,并对全省"十一五"期间的林地需求量进行预测,提出了开发、利用、保护的对策。     

模糊聚类分析在农业经济类型划分中的应用

利用模糊聚类分析的方法,以山西左权为例,选取全县十个乡(镇)的8项指标,对农业经济类型划分进行了分析,得到了与实际相吻合的结果.克服了传统方法的不确定性.     

彩鲫与建鲤杂交F_1体色的初步研究

利用建鲤和彩鲫正反交获得了鲤鲫F1(彩鲫♀×建鲤♂)和鲫鲤F1(建鲤♀×彩鲫♂)两个杂交群体,将两个杂交群体各分为两组,分别在室内水族箱和室外池塘中饲养6个月后,通过显微镜对鳞片黑色素细胞的数量进行统计,利用丙酮抽提液对鳞片红色素细胞的吸光值进行测定。结果发现,鲤鲫F1的红色素细胞吸光值与彩鲫接近(P0.05),黑色素细胞数值极显著低于建鲤(P0.01);鲫鲤F1红色素细胞吸光值极显著低于彩鲫(P0.01),黑色素细胞值显著低于建鲤(P0.05)。     

Aquatic birnavirus induces apoptosis through activated caspase-8 and -3 in a zebrafish cell line

In this study, the possible influence of temperature on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)-induced apoptosis in a zebrafish liver epithelium (ZLE) cell line was investigated. At a lower temperature (18 degrees C), there was expression of viral proteins VP2 and VP3 at 4 h post-infection (p.i.). At this time no expression was found in the high temperature group at 28 degrees C. The cell survival ratio was 52 and 18% at 24 and 48 h p.i., respectively, during IPNV infection at 18 degrees C. In addition, we assayed for apoptosis in IPNV-infected cells with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated end labelling (TUNEL) of DNA at different dosages of virus. We found a ratio of apoptotic cells of 8 and 25% at 12 and 18 h p.i., respectively, in the multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1 group. The MOI 10 group had 20 and 45% apoptotic cells at 12 and 18 h, respectively. Furthermore, at 18 degrees C IPNV activated the caspase-8 and 3 from 1.5 to 2 times at 12 and 18 h p.i., respectively. Taken together, these findings suggest that successful virus replication occurs at the low temperature (18 degrees C) compared with the non-permissive temperature of 28 degrees C. Thus, IPNV replication is capable of activating caspase-8 and -3 and inducing host apoptosis.     

Effects of Salinity on Biogenic Amines,Hemolymph Osmotic Pressure,and Activity of Gill’s Na+/K+‐ATPase in Charybdis japonica (Crustacea,Decapoda)

The effects of salinity on hemolymph osmotic pressure, gill Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase activity and dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5‐HT) in the gills, and hemolymph of the adult Charybdis japonica were studied. DA levels increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the NE and 5‐HT revealed contrary change in hemolymph and gills. The iso‐osmotic point of C. japonica (911.4 mOsm/kg) was at salinity of 27.87 ppt. The Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase activity of gill showed negative correlation with salinity in the hypotonic environment (<27.87 ppt). The results of this experiment indicated that C. japonica had great capability to acclimate to low salinity.     

长江水生生物资源养护存在的问题及对策研究

阐述了长江水生生物资源养护现状及面临问题,指出长江流域水域污染,航运发展、水工建设造成的生态环境恶化,以及非法捕捞屡禁不止是导致水生生物资源衰退的主要因素;提出完善长江水生生物资源养护和管理对策,指出必须建立适应于长江流域的渔业管理模式,治理环境污染,修复水生生物生态环境,以保护长江水生生物资源,维护水域生态安全.     

罗非鱼性别决定和分化机制的研究进展

罗非鱼染色体遗传型性别决定机制(Chromosomal genetic sex deterruination,GSD)的研究歼展较早,目前利用种间杂交的方法得到全雄罗非鱼在生产上已广泛应用,而对影响罗非鱼性别决定的环境因素研究开展较晚.研究证实罗非鱼确实存在温度依赖型性别决定机制(Temperature-dependent sex determination,TSD),而且这种温度依赖型性别决定机制只出现在性别发育的某一特定时期.近年来,研究者们开始尝试用分子生物学手段来研究罗非鱼性别决定及分化机制,寻找影响性别决定的基因位点、研究位点之间的相互关系及其相互作用,以及外界因素是如何通过调控性别决定位点来影响鱼类性别分化的等.目前研究的主要功能基因有DMRT基因家族、DAX1、SHP、AMH、oP450arom等.最新研究结果表明,tDMRT1,可作为尼罗罗非鱼精巢分化的分子标记.[中国水产科学,2009,16(1):139-145]     

Price cointegration in spatial markets: An application to milkfish markets in Taiwan

Abstract

The objectives of this study are to analyze the interdependent behavior of lead‐lag milkfish price adjustments between vertically‐related markets (from production to consumption) as well as between five major horizontally‐related wholesale markets. Empirical results show that there is a two‐way lead‐lag cointegrating price relationship between milkfish wholesale and retail markets. Since the fish wholesale market cannot completely and quickly assimilate the retail market information, the speed of response of wholesale prices to retail price changes is relatively slow, inducing low pricing efficiency. The Taipei wholesale market appears to cause the greatest leadership impact on the milkfish price formation compared to other wholesale markets in both the long‐run and short‐run. The results also reveal that there is a high degree of integration relationship between the horizontally integrated wholesale markets (Chiayi, Changhwa and Taichung) for milkfish in the southwestern region within a short distance.     

尼罗罗非鱼1号染色体分离及文库构建方法研究

以尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)为对象,采用体内注射植物血细胞凝集素(PHA)方式收集有丝分裂后期的鱼体头肾细胞,低渗法制片,运用激光显微分离获得尼罗罗非鱼1号染色体,分离后的单染色体通过特异性酶切和LA-PCR体外扩增,得到500~2 000 bp之间的DNA片段,并通过Southern blot和微卫星标记得到验证。扩增片段通过电泳回收、连接转化、感受态细胞培养等步骤构建尼罗罗非鱼1号染色体微克隆文库,克隆片段长度在300~600 bp之间。