西北半干湿地区雨水花园植物应用及适宜性评价

为了科学地选择适宜于西北半干湿地区雨水花园栽植的植物种类,在分析国内外研究的基础上,对位于西北半干湿地区的西咸新区典型雨水花园进行实地调研.采用层次分析法,从生态学特性、观赏特性、功能特性对雨水花园种植的76种植物进行适宜性综合评价,从3个准则层和10个指标层构建评价体系.结果发现:截留雨水能力、抗逆能力、花期花色、净...     

不同烟秆生物质炭施用量对烤烟产质量及土壤理化性质的影响

为研究不同烟秆生物质炭施用量对中低海拔烟区烤烟产质量及根际土壤理化性质的影响,旨在明确中低海拔烟区最佳的烟秆生物质炭施用量,并为今后开展烟秆生物质炭应用提供一定的科学依据和理论支撑.设4个生物质炭施用量(A1:0 g/株、A2:80 g/株、A3:160 g/株、A4:240 g/株)处理,测定不同处理下的农艺性状、经...     

补光光源对AM真菌生长发育的影响

温室条件下,研究不同补光光源对丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhizae,AM)真菌Glomus mosseae生长发育的影响。结果表明：不同补光光源的光谱不同,对菌根共生体生长发育的影响不同,以农艺钠灯作为补光光源处理的宿主植物的光合速率及可溶性糖含量高于其它两种光源处理,综合比较菌根长度、根外菌丝量及孢子数三项指标,以农艺钠灯作为补充光源对真菌G. mosseae的生长发育最为有利。金属卤灯、荧光灯两处理宿主植物中氮、磷浓度高于农艺钠灯处理,可能对菌根真菌的生长发育有不利影响。因此,工厂化AM菌剂生产中,如果需要补充光照,应以农艺钠灯作为补光光源。     

不同烟秆生物质炭施用量对烤烟生长及病害发生的影响

为研究不同烟秆生物质炭施用量对高海拔烟区烤烟生长及病害发生的影响,以期明确高海拔烟区的最佳烟秆生物质炭施用量,设置了4个生物质炭施用量(A1:0 g/株,A2:80 g/株,A3:160 g/株,A4:240 g/株)处理,测定不同处理和时期下的烤烟生育期、SPAD值、农艺性状、普通花叶病、黑胫病、青枯病的发生情况.结...     

中国余甘子产业发展的现状分析与发展建议

余甘子是中国南方地区的特色经济树种,但目前对国内余甘子产业的总体生产情况还没有系统的统计和研究报道,产业链发展情况也还不清晰。本研究通过实地调研、电话访谈、文献分析和数据统计等多种方法,掌握了国内余甘子主产区的生产、加工情况以及产业发展的主要问题。结果显示,国内余甘子总栽培面积约3.8万hm²,主产区包括云南、福建、广东、广西等地,主栽品种有‘高黎贡山糯’、‘盈玉’、‘甜种’、‘粉甘’、‘蓝丰’、‘玻璃甘’、‘大玉余甘’等,加工企业有上百家,分布在南方各省,加工产品主要有果干、蜜饯、果汁、果茶、余甘子粉、含片等。总体来讲,余甘子产业还存在资源保存和开发利用不够、标准化体系不完善、精深加工不足、科技支撑乏力等问题,建议增加产业政策和资金的支持力度、重视种质资源的保存与开发利用、加强余甘子产业主体的交流与协作,促进产业链向下延伸。     

Dietary linseed supplementation improves meat quality and flavor of sheep by altering muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity

Linseed as a common oil crop that has been implicated in regulating the meat quality of animals. The aim of this investigation was to establish the effects of dietary linseed supplementation on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacity of sheep. Twenty-four Sunit sheep were distributed into 2 groups with different diet: control (CO) fed a standard diet and linseed (LS, 8% of extruded linseed). The results showed that linseed not only increased M. longissimus thoracis (LT) increased the loin-eye area but also decreased pH24h, L* and shear force. Meanwhile, linseed increased mRNA expression of MyHCI and MyHCIIx and decreased in cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle fiber diameter. In addition, linseed altered the composition of meat volatile flavor compounds, such as Z-10-Pentadecen-1-ol, pentanal, 2-Octenal, (E)-, decanal, butane, and 2-heptanone. Moreover, linseed increased total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) activity, the mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Overall, the results suggest that linseed is an effective feed additive in improving meat quality and flavor. The underlying mechanisms for its effectiveness may be partly due to a change in muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity.     

Screening of new Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 and its disease resistance of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

A new strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 with antagonistic effects on 11 major fish pathogens (especially Aeromonas hydrophila), but had no toxicity to grass carp, was screened from the sediment of fishponds. In vivo colonization studies showed that strain S3 could be colonized and distributed in the gill and abdomen of the grass carp. Bioassay results showed that the weight growth rate of grass carp in the strain S3 oral group (16.01%) and strain S3 immersion group (16.44%) was significantly higher than those of the control group (8.61%). At the same time, the activities of ACP, AKP, CAT and GSH-Px in the serum of grass carp in oral and immersion groups were significantly higher than those of the control group. In addition, the treatment with strain S3 could significantly upregulate the expression of the antioxidant-related genes and immune-related genes Keap1, Nrf2, C3, LZM, IgM, TLR-4 and MyD-88 in grass carp tissues. The challenge test showed that strain S3 treatment significantly increased the survival rate of grass carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that strain S3 had 16 active metabolite gene clusters, indicating that it had abundant gene resources, which provided important support for its development for fish microecological preparations. In summary, a new strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa S3 with antibacterial activity against a variety of fish pathogens was screened in this study and its probiotic function was evaluated, proving its potential value in fisheries.     

番石榴叶精油的提取、成分鉴定及对红火蚁的生物活性分析

为评价番石榴叶精油(EO)对红火蚁的熏蒸活性，采用熏蒸法和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)等技术测定精油对红火蚁的生物活性。EO含有31种化合物，caryophyllene(37.86%)为主要化合物。生测结果表明，20 µL/管的EO熏蒸红火蚁48 h，死亡率达90%以上；熏蒸红火蚁9 h，聚集率下降了78%，攀爬率下降了45%，抓附率下降了34%，行走率下降了30%。10 µL/管的EO熏蒸红火蚁48 h，体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)酶活力分别降低了56.62%和58.57%，红火蚁毒腺分泌哌啶化合物的组分降低了50%。番石榴叶精油对红火蚁具备良好的熏蒸活性，并抑制其行为能力、体内酶活力及生物碱的分泌。本研究可为番石榴的深度开发及红火蚁的生物防控提供理论依据。     

公众参与城市规划——环境邻避冲突化解路径

环境邻避冲突的实质在于环境保护领域公民知情权和表达权的运用与行使，需通过法律形式予以和平合理化解。城市规划作为环境邻避设施选址或建设决策的法律形式具有合法性与正当性。公众参与城市规划应以提升规划决策理性为目标，通过塑造专家、大众与政府的法律形象以增进各主体间的信任与理解，最终达成最优城市规划方案，因而成为化解环境邻避冲突的制度路径。     

胺鲜酯对铬胁迫下白三叶种子萌发特性的影响

本研究以'海发'白三叶(Trifolium repens?'Haifa')为供试材料,研究胺鲜酯(diethyl?aminoethyl?hexanoate,?DA-6)浸种预处理对铬(chromium,?Cr6+)胁迫下白三叶种子萌发耐性的影响.研究表明,5?mmol·L?1的Cr6+溶液显著抑制白三叶种子萌发(P?相似文献