技术对大学生道德认知的影响及其对策研究

技术发展对当代大学生的德育环境和道德认知产生了重要的影响,技术通常以思维、知识和产品三种方式作用于大学生的道德认知。面对技术给大学生道德认知带来的巨大冲击,大学德育应采取加强大学生的道德主体性教育,对现有大学德育课程进行改革,注重大学生道德认知力的培养等方面的对策。     

An integrated rice panicle phenotyping method based on X-ray and RGB scanning and deep learning

Rice panicle phenotyping is required in rice breeding for high yield and grain quality.To fully evaluate spikelet and kernel traits without threshing and hulling,using X-ray and RGB scanning,we developed an integrated rice panicle phenotyping system and a corresponding image analysis pipeline.We compared five methods of counting spikelets and found that Faster R-CNN achieved high accuracy(R~2 of 0.99)and speed.Faster R-CNN was also applied to indica and japonica classification and achieved 91%accuracy.The proposed integrated panicle phenotyping method offers benefit for rice functional genetics and breeding.     

湖南省猕猴桃农药残留及风险评估

[目的]为明确湖南省猕猴桃果实农药残留及风险情况,方便日后系统性进行农药监测、监管.[方法]2019年,从湖南省25个县市43个猕猴桃果园采集63份样品,利用高效液相色谱-质谱法和高效气相色谱-质谱法对处理后的果实样品进行农药残留量测定,结合《GB 2763-2019食品中农药最大残留限量》进行分析和比较猕猴桃不同品种...     

广西贺街开发生态农业旅游初探

广西贺街的生态农业旅游资源丰富,文章通过对生态农业旅游的界定,分析了广西贺街开发生态农业旅游的可行性,并提出了相应的开发措施。     

基于非线性势函数法的手写体数字识别

提出了基于非线性势函数的一种几何分类方法,设计了利用电势理论来改造决策面判别函数和利用非线性势函数对手写数字进行分类的算法。以该算法为核心构造的分类器可改善针对不同人写字习惯的分类效果。用VC 实现了该算法,结果表明该算法能减小分类时的错误率,对手写体数字的识别有较好的效果,识别率能达到97%。     

中国辣椒BCAT基因家族鉴定、表达分析及克隆

【目的】了解中国辣椒（Capsicum chinense Jacq.）BCAT基因家族成员的分布、性质及表达模式。中国辣椒是辣椒的5个主要栽培种之一,果实通常具有由支链酯类形成的浓郁果香。支链氨基酸转氨酶（BCAT,Branched-chain Aminotransferase）负责催化支链氨基酸合成相应2-氧代酸,是催化合成支链酯类的第一步反应酶。【方法】使用生物信息学分析和实时荧光定量PCR等方法对中国辣椒的BCAT基因家族成员进行鉴定、表达分析和克隆。【结果】获得5个BCAT基因家族成员,分别命名为CcBCAT1、CcBCAT2、CcBCAT3、CcBCAT4和CcBCAT5,随后对其进行生物信息学分析并克隆CcBCAT1～CcBCAT4。生物信息学分析显示,这些基因分布于辣椒的4条染色体上,蛋白均为亲水性蛋白,氨基酸长度在184～557 aa,分子量为20.29～89.60 ku,等电点为5.57～8.34。亚细胞定位预测结果显示,CcBCAT1定位于叶绿体和线粒体,其他基因家族成员均位于叶绿体。CcBCATs基因时空表达分析显示,CcBCAT1-4基因具有组织表达特异性,Cc...     

Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in diets for large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea

A growth experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets on the growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Six isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 kJ g^− 1) diets replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% FM protein by MBM protein were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish in sea floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 1.5 m), and each cage was stocked with 180 fish (initial average weight of 1.88 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed twice daily (05:00 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature ranged from 26.5 to 32.5 °C, salinity from 32 to 36‰, and dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg l^− 1 during the experimental period. Survival decreased with increasing dietary MBM and the survival in the fish fed the diet with 75% protein from MBM was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed the diets with 0 (the control group), 15, 30 and 45% protein from MBM. However, SGR in the fish fed the diets with 60 and 75% protein from MBM were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in feeding rate were observed among dietary treatments. The digestibility experiment showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy of MBM were significantly lower compared with those of FM (P < 0.05). Essential amino acid index was found to be correlated positively with SGR in the present study, suggesting that essential amino acid balance was important. Body composition analysis showed that the carcass protein and essential amino acids were not significantly affected by dietary MBM. The lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) in fish muscle, however, significantly decreased with increasing dietary MBM. These results showed that 45% of FM protein could be replaced by MBM protein in diets of large yellow croaker without significantly reducing growth. It was suggested that the reduced growth with higher MBM was due to lower digestibility and imbalance of essential amino acids.     

Effects of surgically implanted dummy ultrasonic transmitters on physiological response of bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis

The study assessed the effects of surgically implanted dummy ultrasonic transmitters on physiological response of bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis in April 2011. Before the surgery, 15 blood samples were extracted randomly from 195 bighead carp samples, and then the rest of the fish were divided into three groups: (1) control group, handing but no tagging, (2) sham group, surgical procedure without implantation of transmitter and (3) surgery group, surgical implantation of transmitters. In 3 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after surgery, 15 fish were extracted randomly from the three groups, respectively, for sampling. Then the plasma samples were analyzed, and physiological measures of stress response (cortisol, glucose), tissue damage [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] and nutritional status [total protein, globulin, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were compared. The result showed that there was no significant difference between sham and surgery groups in 3 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after surgery. When compared to the control group, there were significant increases in concentrations of plasma cortisol, glucose, ALT, AST, total protein and globulin of sham and surgery groups in 3 h after surgery. After 24 h, the levels of plasma cortisol, ALT, AST, total protein, globulin and ALP were elevated in both sham and surgery groups, whereas the levels of plasma glucose had declined to normal level and plasma albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly decreased in both sham and surgery groups. After 7 days, the levels of plasma glucose, albumin and cholesterol continued to decline, while the level of plasma ALT, globulin and ALP had declined but still remained higher for sham and surgery groups than control group; however, the plasma total protein level had returned to normal. After 14 days, there was no significant difference between the three groups. The above results showed that surgical implantation of ultrasonic transmitters had indeed caused significantly negative effects on the physiological response of bighead carp. However, all the negative influences on stress response, tissue damage and nutritional status had disappeared in 14 days after surgery, and the presence of transmitters had no significant negative impact. Therefore, the bighead carp should be temporary cultured at least 14 days for the recovery of physiological response and then released into the free water for the ultrasonic telemetry research.     

棕点石斑鱼(♀)×蓝身大斑石斑鱼(♂)杂交后代与棕点石斑鱼低氧耐受能力初步研究

为了研究棕点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus,♀)与蓝身大斑石斑鱼(E.tukula,♂)杂交后代(简称金虎石斑鱼)和棕点石斑鱼的低氧耐受能力,采用封闭式呼吸室测定棕点石斑鱼和金虎石斑鱼幼鱼的耗氧率与窒息点,在正常溶氧[(5.71±0.31)mg/L]和溶解氧下降至4.0 mg/L、3.0mg...