犬消化不良的诊断及治疗

消化系统疾病在犬病门诊疾病中所占的比例在50％～60％，其中消化不良可占消化系统疾病的40％～50％。患犬主要表现为：精神不佳、食欲不振、有呕吐、腹胀等症状。如果不及时治疗或治疗方法不当，往往会引起犬只出现消瘦、抵抗力差、丧失工作能力甚至引起死亡。近年来在兽医临床实践中，对于消化不良治疗在不分析病因的情况下盲目用药的现象时有发生，特别是通过滥用抗生素来治疗，常常会出现误诊或加重病情的发展，从而错过最佳的治疗时机。     

早熟禾锈病的研究

人工接种实验结果证明，哈尔滨市早熟禾锈病是由冠锈菌引起的，其转主寄主为：小叶鼠李、金刚鼠李和东北鼠李。该病菌主要以冬孢子越冬，也有少量夏孢子可以越冬。用夏孢子人工接种潜育期为９￣１４ｄ，用锈孢子人工接种在２０℃时潜育期为８￣１２ｄ。早熟禾锈病的发病高峰期一般在８月上旬￣９月上旬，病情的轻重与降雨量关系较大。防治试验结果表明：用火烧去草坪上的干枯叶能推迟和降低发病率１０％；定期合理修剪草坪，茬高８ｃ     

基于sniffer的FTP Pasv模式通信的实验分析

本文介绍了Sniffer软件的原理和基本应用,探讨了利用Sniffer软件来架构FTP被动模式通信实验的方法,给出了实验的主要内容及分析结果.     

办公自动化下的档案信息管理

办公自动化和管理信息化大大提高了办公效率,为取得更好的经济效益创造了更为积极的外部环境。同时,大量的电子文件开始代替传统的纸质文件,这种变革正冲击着整个档案工作体系。如何加强和改进变革中的档案信息管理工作,是档案工作者共同追求的目标之一。     

Bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents against major pathogens in swine: a review

In recent years, the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria has become a global concern which has prompted research into the development of alternative disease control strategies for the swine industry. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) offer the prospect of a sustainable alternative approach against bacterial pathogens with the flexibility of being applied therapeutically or for biological control purposes. This paper reviews the use of phages as an antimicrobial strategy for controlling critical pathogens including Salmonella and Escherichia coli with an emphasis on the application of phages for improving performance and nutrient digestibility in swine operations as well as in controlling zoonotic human diseases by reducing the bacterial load spread from pork products to humans through the meat.     

Linking individual-tree and whole-stand models for forest growth and yield prediction

Background： Different types of growth and yield models provide essential information for making informed decisions on how to manage forests. Whole-stand models often provide well-behaved outputs at the stand level, but lack information on stand structures. Detailed information from individual-tree models and size-class models typically suffers from accumulation of errors. The disaggregation method, in assuming that predictions from a whole-stand model are reliable, partitions these outputs to individual trees. On the other hand, the combination method seeks to improve stand-level predictions from both whole-stand and individual-tree models by combining them. Methods： Data from 100 plots randomly selected from the Southwicte Seed Source Study of Ioblolly pine （Pinus taedo L） were used to evaluate the unadjusted individual-tree model against the disaggregation and combination methods. Results： Compared to the whole-stand model, the combination method did not show improvements in predicting stand attributes in this study. The combination method also did not perform as well as the disaggregation method in tree-level predictions. The disaggregation method provided the best predictions of tree- and stand-level survival and growth. Conclusions： The disaggregation approach provides a link between individual-tree models and whole-stand models, and should be considered as a better alternative to the unadjusted tree model.     

杭州湾沿岸跨界海域水污染防治的制度创新

指出了杭州湾沿岸跨界海域水污染防治制度存在四大问题：跨区域合作制度不健全,部门协调管理问题难度大,海域污染物评价指标缺乏,监管力度不足。针对杭州湾沿岸跨界域水污染的制度成因,通过借鉴国际典型案例波罗的海水污染的防治经验,从四个方面设计了杭州湾海域水污染防治的新制度：一是改进水污染总量控制制度,二是完善源头减排管理制度,三是健全末端治理监管制度,四是创新排污权交易制度。     

中华鳖“红底板病”病原菌的研究及防治

本文阐述了中华鳖红底板病的流行病学,病原菌的分离、培养、生化鉴定和菌体DNAGC mol％的测定以及毒性试验等,确定了致病菌为气单胞菌属;通过药敏试验及生产实践,提出了有效的防治措施。     

汕头市农产品质量安全监督与风险评估探析

为了提升农产品品质,加强对有害因子的分析与识别,提升社会公共安全问题,分析了汕头市农产品质量监督的现状与存在的问题,研究和探讨了如何加强农产品质量安全监督与风险评估建设,达到提升农产品质量监督与监测能力和推进农产品从源头、流通领域到消费者的食用安全的目的,全方位地确保农产品质量安全,确保民众食用健康和社会稳定。     

Effects of different dietary energy and protein levels and sex on growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus x Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle

Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the background period of 184 d,23 steers and 24 heifers were fed the same ration,then put into a2×2×2 factorial arrangement under two levels of- dietary energy（TON：70/80%DM）,protein（CP：11.9/14.3%DM）and sex（S：male/female） during the finishing phase of 146 d.The treatments were-（1） high energy/low protein（HELP）,（2） high energy/high protein（HEHP）,（3） low energy/low protein（LELP） and（4） low energy/high protein（LEHP）.Each treatment used 6 steers and 6 heifers,except for HELP- 5 steers and 6 heifers.Results：Growth rate and final carcass weight were unaffected by dietary energy and protein levels or by sex.Compared with the LE diet group,the HE group had significantly lower dry matter intake（DMI,6.76 vs.7.48 kg DM/d）,greater chest girth increments（46.1 vs.36.8 cm）,higher carcass fat（19.9 vs.16.3%） and intramuscular fat content（29.9 vs.22.8%DM）.The HE group also had improved yields of top and medium top grade commercial meat cuts（39.9 vs.36.5%）.The dressing percentage was higher for the HP group than the LP group（53.4 vs.54.9%）.Steers had a greater length increment（9.0 vs.8.3 cm）,but lower carcass fat content（16.8 vs.19.4%） than heifers.The meat quality traits（shear force value,drip loss,cooking loss and water holding capacity） were not affected by treatments or sex,averaging 3.14 kg,2.5,31.5 and 52.9%,respectively.The nutritive profiles（both fatty and amino acid composition） were not influenced by the energy or protein levels or by sex.Conclusions：The dietary energy and protein levels and sex significantly influenced the carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat but not thegrowth performance,meat quality traits and nutritive profiles.