动物尿液中莱克多巴胺检测方法的研究探讨

DB33/T539—2005方法是目前检测动物尿液中莱克多巴胺的有效方法,但也存在一些不足之处,对此方法的前处理过程和色谱条件等方面进行改进后,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对猪尿液中莱克多巴胺进行检测,回收率可大大提高,重复性也很稳定。且改进后的方法操作简便,灵敏度高。     

丁酸钠及其配伍在断奶仔猪中的应用效果

为研究丁酸钠及其配伍对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响,本试验选用(21±1)日龄断奶、(7.28±0.15)kg健康"杜×长×大"杂交仔猪150头,随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组3个重复(栏),每个重复10头仔猪,公母各半。试验日粮是在基础日粮基础上分别添加10%硫酸抗敌素预混剂600mg/kg(对照组)、0.1%丁酸钠(试验Ⅰ组)、0.2%丁酸钠(试验Ⅱ组)、0.1%丁酸钠+10%硫酸抗敌素预混剂200mg/kg(试验Ⅲ组)和0.1%丁酸钠+10%硫酸抗敌素预混剂400mg/kg(试验Ⅳ组)。试验期为14d。试验结果表明,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加丁酸钠及其与硫酸抗敌素配伍均显著降低断奶仔猪腹泻发生率(P<0.05),并有提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重和采食量、降低料重比的趋势(P<0.05)。且0.1%丁酸钠与10%硫酸抗敌素预混剂400mg/kg配伍使用对仔猪抗腹泻、促生长的效果最好。     

氮素对辣椒产量和硝酸盐积累的影响

在施等量有机肥的前提下,随着施氮量的增加,辣椒营养生长旺盛,株高株幅增加;辣椒产量在一定范围的施氮量内逐步增加,超过一定施氮量反而下降;随着施氮量的增加,辣椒果实和叶片的硝酸盐含量均随之上升,其中以叶片中积累量最高,其次是果皮,果肉中硝酸盐的含量最低;各处理对辣椒亚硝酸盐的积累没有影响。     

完善我国农村公共产品供给制度的研究

现阶段由于缺乏合理的供给制度安排,我国农村公共产品供给一直处于被边缘化的弱势地位,成为束缚农村发展的"瓶颈",分析当前我国农村公共产品供给严重不足的现状,探索了造成农村公共产品供给不足的原因,并对现阶段如何完善农村公共产品供给问题提出相应的政策建议.     

3种杀螨剂生物测定方法的比较研究

在杀螨剂研究中,常规的玻片浸渍法或叶片浸渍法都无法满足微量物质的快速测定工作。在玻片浸渍法的基础上,采用玻璃点样毛细管对螨体直接施药,解决了这一问题。文中比较了玻片浸渍法,叶片浸渍法及玻片毛细管法3种测定方法对用4种溶剂和水提取的黄花蒿的提取物和常用杀螨剂哒螨灵对朱砂叶螨的作用效果,结果证实了采用玻片毛细管法测定的结果与玻片浸渍法的结果相近,但其用药量降低了1000倍,这对植物源杀螨剂以及生物农药研究都有重要意义。     

不同基因型马铃薯淀粉抗性的比较

用小麦淀粉酶和唾液淀粉酶酶解马铃薯淀粉,通过测定淀粉酶解混合物中可溶性糖的体积分数,研究马铃薯3种不同的基因型(早熟、中熟、晚熟)淀粉抗性的大小.结果表明:不同基因型马铃薯淀粉抗性具有极显著差异:早熟品种(NP10)<中熟品种(NP8)<晚熟品种(87-10).     

基于EM算法的图像融合质量评价

为提出一种量化评价经图像融合所产生的结果图像的质量评价方法,采用一种混合瑞利(Rayleigh)概率密度函数(pdfs)对图像边缘强度直方图建模,混合模型中各项的参数和权重通过EM算法迭代估算得到。在建立的混合瑞利概率密度函数模型中,最小参数混合项对应图像的弱边缘,最大参数混合项对应图像的强边缘。因此,取最小参数项的标准方差作为噪声的标准方差估计,实现噪声盲估计;取最大参数项的标准方差作为图像模糊度的定量评价指标。通过估算混合瑞利pdfs模型中的参数变化可以评价图像质量。与其它图像质量评价方法相比,这种方法的最大优点是不需要知道图像构造等细节信息,不需要图像变换,只要有原始图像即可对其进行评价。而且对较小噪声也能较精确地估计。研究表明这个技术很强健,并对要评估的图像依赖很小。     

互插式连栋温室风压分布模拟分析

以CFD理论为基础,建立了互插式连栋温室周围空气绕流的数学模型,设定了流体的边界条件,运用Fluent软件对互插式连栋温室的风压分布进行模拟分析。模拟结果表明,风力对温室作用主要是向上的升力;风压系数沿温室跨度方向分布的数值模拟结果与风洞试验结果基本吻合;上风向和下风向风压系数沿温室高度方向呈二次曲线分布,相关系数分别为0.975和0.990;最后将模拟得到的风压系数转换成相应的风载体型系数,为结构优化设计提供参考。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and fat supplementation in growing-finishing swine fed to a heavy slaughter weight of 150 kg: II. Tissue fatty acid profile,vitamin E concentrations,and antioxidant capacity of plasma and tissue

The study aimed to assess the effects of vitamin E (VE) supplementation and fat source on fatty acid (FA) composition, VE concentrations, and antioxidant capacity in plasma and tissues of pigs fed to a heavy slaughter weight (150 kg). A total of 64 pigs (32 barrows, 32 gilts; 28.41 ± 0.83 kg) were blocked by sex and weight, and randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments (n = 8 per treatment) in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement. Fat sources included corn starch (CS), 5% tallow (TW), 5% distiller’s corn oil (DCO), and 5% coconut oil (CN); VE supplementation levels were 11 and 200 ppm. Five-phase diets were formulated to meet requirement estimates of NRC (2012) and fed to pigs for each period of 25 kg from 25 to 150 kg. Increasing VE supplementation level increased C16:1 (P < 0.05) content but decreased C20:0 (P < 0.05) content in backfat and belly fat, while in liver, it increased C17:0 (P < 0.05) but decreased C18:0 (P < 0.05). Compared to the pigs fed the CS diet, the pigs fed the CN diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total saturated FA, the pigs fed the DCO diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total polyunsaturated FA content and iodine value, and the pigs fed the TW diet had greater (P < 0.05) content of total monounsaturated FA in backfat, belly fat, and liver. Plasma VE concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing length of feeding but faster (P < 0.05) in the pigs fed the CN and TW diets compared with the CS and DCO diets within the 200 ppm VE level; the pigs fed the DCO diet had the highest plasma VE concentrations (P < 0.05) from Phase 2 to Phase 5 within the 11 ppm VE level. The VE concentrations in liver and loin muscle (P < 0.05) increased with increasing dietary VE level from 11 to 200 ppm, but it was not affected by dietary fat source. There was no effect of VE supplementation and fat source on antioxidant capacity in plasma and liver except that pigs fed the DCO diet had greater liver SOD activity (P < 0.05) than the pigs fed the CN diet. In conclusion, dietary VE supplementation did not affect FA profile in backfat, belly fat, and liver consistently, while dietary FA composition with different fat sources affected much of the FA profile in backfat, belly fat, and liver. The higher level of VE supplementation increased liver and muscle VE concentrations and dietary fat sources affected plasma VE concentrations differently (P < 0.05), wherein the TW and CN diets increased the VE absorption greater than the DCO diet.     

人工降雨条件下多层渗滤介质系统产流与入渗规律试验研究

透水性铺装地面是雨水利用的重要措施之一。该文通过建立透水砖铺装地面物理模型,采用3种透水砖铺装形式(垫层由不同厚度的无砂混凝土、碎石、中砂组合而成)和1种不透水砖铺装(对照),研究不同垫层结构的透水砖铺装地面在降雨条件下的产流与入渗规律。结果表明：3种透水砖铺装地面系统对地面产流均具有明显的削减作用;在模拟降雨强度为59.36 mm/h的情况下(相当6年1遇1h降雨量),无砂混凝土10 cm和石子15 cm垫层结构的入渗效果最优,此时无地面产流,其径流系数比不透水性铺装对照处理减小85%。