2BMC―4/8型棉花双行错位精量穴播机的设计与试验

基于实现黄河流域麦棉连作,针对前茬小麦秸秆量大,麦棉一年两作农时紧张的问题,以及夏棉种植密度大需改善单株夏棉生长空间等要求,设计2BMC―4/8型棉花双行错位精量穴播机。该机能一次实现全幅旋耕整地、侧深施肥、种床镇压、精量穴播、覆土镇压等功能。其不但能实现66+10cm的种植模式,而且能够实现双行种子的交错排列,在保证实现机采棉的前提下,实现高密度夏棉的最优化空间布置。创新设计双轮整平、镇压装置和一体双行错位排种器。田间试验表明,该播种机作业性能达到设计要求。     

紫花苜蓿太阳能干燥系统干燥箱的结构设计

紫花苜蓿是世界范围内种植量最广的牧草之一,低温干燥是常用的贮存方法,可有效保存苜蓿当中的营养成分。太阳能干燥箱可以为苜蓿提供干燥环境,保证干燥温度。为此,设计了一种立式箱式结构干燥箱,并对其工作原理、制作方式、内外部的结构形式及保温材料进行了相应的研究。     

闭式脱粒滚筒的静动态性能分析

针对联合收割机中闭式脱粒滚筒有可能在外载荷作用下会发生较大变形和在外激励作用下发生共振的问题,采用SolidWorks软件对闭式脱粒滚筒进行了三维建模,以*.x_t格式导入Ansys Workbench建立有限元模型,然后对闭式脱粒滚筒进行静动态性能分析(即静态分析和模态分析)。静态分析结果表明,闭式脱粒滚筒的刚度和强度足够,变形均在设计允许范围之内;模态分析得到的闭式脱粒滚筒前6阶固有频率和振型结果表明,在规定的工况范围内,闭式脱粒滚筒在外激励作用下不会产生共振。研究结果为后续样机的设计和改进提供了理论依据。     

Screening of Probiotics Inhibiting E. coli K88 in vitro

The probiotics tested in the experiment were isolated from the intestinal of weaning piglets.The isolated probiotics and E.coli K88 were inoculated into the culture of intestinal porcine epithelial cell-1 (IPEC-1).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant was measured after incubating for 2.5 h.At the same time, the probiotics and E.coli K88 were co-cultured in vitro, the number of E.coli K88 was counted and the probiotics which could be resistant to the E.coli K88 were selected 2.5 h later.The results showed that the Lactobacillus casei and Bacillus coagulans could significantly reduce LDH activity (P<0.05), decrease the damage of E.coli K88; Bacillus coagulans could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88.At the same time, Bacillus coagulans could resist high temperature, acid and bile salt.The results showed that Bacillus coagulans strains had great potential as the application of probiotics strains.The methods could be used as a model of screen probiotics which could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88 in vitro.     

Tolerance of benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate in goldfish and zebrafish

OBJECTIVE: To determine tolerance of goldfish and zebrafish to benzalkonium chloride, formalin, malachite green, and potassium permanganate. DESIGN: Tolerance study. ANIMALS: Adult goldfish (Carassius auratus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). PROCEDURES: Groups of fish (n = 10/group) were exposed to each disinfectant at the therapeutic dosage; at 0.25, 0.5, 3, and 5 times the concentration used for the therapeutic dosage; and at the concentration used for the therapeutic dosage but for 3 or 5 times the recommended exposure time. RESULTS: In both species, exposure to malachite green at the therapeutic dosage resulted in toxic effects, including death. Exposure to formalin at the therapeutic dosage resulted in toxic effects in goldfish, but not zebrafish, and exposure to potassium permanganate resulted in toxic effects in zebrafish, but not goldfish. On the basis of the ratio of therapeutic dosage to median lethal dosage, in goldfish, formalin was more toxic than benzalkonium chloride, which was more toxic than malachite green, which was more toxic than potassium permanganate. In zebrafish, potassium permanganate was more toxic than formalin and benzalkonium chloride, which were approximately equally toxic and more toxic than malachite green. Extending treatment time increased the toxicity of potassium permanganate in zebrafish and the toxicity of formalin and malachite green in goldfish, but did not alter the toxicity of the other disinfectants. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that there was no consistency between zebrafish and goldfish in their tolerance to disinfectants, and that therapeutic dosages reported in the literature for these disinfectants were not always safe.     

Clinical, humoral and IFNgamma responses of cattle to infection with Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides small colony and attempts to condition the pathogenesis of the infection

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides small colony (MmmSC), is one of the most important diseases of cattle in Africa. The role of innate or acquired cell mediated and humoral immunity in conferring protection against MmmSC infection has not yet been elucidated. On the other hand, the pathological lesions caused by the aetiological agent have been considered indicative of an immunopathological process. In this study ten na?ve cattle were exposed to in-contact infection with animals infected by intubation with a strain of MmmSC. Clinical signs, antibody response, IFNgamma release and pathological changes at necropsy were analysed and compared with the events following in-contact infection of an equal number of animals kept under daily treatment with cyclosporine for the entire observation period of 84 days. Cyclosporine is a suppressor of the immune response related to the T-cell system. Under the conditions of the experiment, cyclosporine appeared to condition the pathogenesis of CBPP by delaying the events that follow infection, bringing further support to the possibility that the immune response may have an impact on the disease outcome.     

玉米黄花叶病毒运动蛋白的原核表达纯化与抗血清制备

为实现对玉米黄花叶病毒（maize yellow mosaic virus,MaYMV）的血清学检测,丰富该病毒的检测方法,将编码MaYMV运动蛋白（movement protein,MP）的基因连接到原核表达载体pDBHis-MBP上,将构建成功的原核表达质粒转化到大肠杆菌Escherichia coli中诱导表达融合蛋白,将纯化后的融合蛋白对新西兰大白兔Oryctolagus cuniculus进行免疫并制备MaYMV MP多克隆抗血清,并采用Western blot对抗血清的效价、灵敏度和特异性进行检测。结果显示,利用成功构建的原核表达载体经诱导表达获得分子量大小约为62 kD的融合蛋白,纯化后对新西兰大白兔进行免疫获得MaYMV MP抗血清,该抗血清的效价为1∶128 000,灵敏度为1∶32,且该抗血清能够特异性地检测到本氏烟Nicotiana benthamiana中瞬时表达的MaYMV MP,而不与马铃薯卷叶病毒属Polerovirus及黄症病毒属Luteovirus的其他病毒发生血清学交叉反应,证明该抗血清具有良好的特异性。表明本研究制备的MaYMV MP抗血清能特异性...     

pBI121载体酶切位点添加及拟南芥Na+/H+逆向转运蛋白基因表达载体的构建

对pBI121载体GUS基因后的终止子序列（Sac Ⅰ-EcoR Ⅰ）通过PCR扩增法进行了酶切位点的添加，即在SacⅠ后添加了XhoⅠ、在EcoRⅠ前添加了KpnⅠ。序列分析发现，两个酶切位点的添加是成功的，但扩增的终止子序列与原序列的同源性间有差异，即有4个碱基发生了变异，特别是第17个碱基位点出现了缺失。利用绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）对添加酶切位点载体进行了终止子活性的检测，结果发现，它与携带GFP的pBI121载体一样，GFP基因能正常表达，说明pBI121载体终止子序列酶切位点的添加是成功的。利用改造后的载体（pBI121-GZ）构建了CaMV35S启动子驱动AtNHX1基因的植物表达载体。     

农杆菌介导的马铃薯茎段遗传转化体系优化研究

以甘肃主栽品种的茎段为外植体,研究了不同转化条件(菌液浓度、感染时间、预培养及共培养时间)对转化效率的影响,以及选择压和培养基对抗性出芽的影响,初步建立了马铃薯品种“陇薯3号”和“台湾红皮”的遗传转化体系并获得了转化植株。卡那霉素生根筛选和PCR鉴定结果表明,再生的转化植株假阳性率比较高,要获得预期的转基因植株群体需加大遗传转化工作中转基因植株的数量。