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121.
Eun Hea Jho Hyerim Ryu Doyun Shin Young-Jin Kim Yong Ju Choi Kyoungphile Nam 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(1):138-145
Purpose
This study predicts the optimal landfarming period for the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs)-contaminated field soils that are subject to the combined landfarming and Fenton oxidation treatment.Materials and methods
The TPHs degradation in the artificially contaminated model soils and the field-aged contaminated soils were compared in a laboratory scale. The soils were bioaugmented with the 16 petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading microbial cultures that are commercially available in Korea.Results and discussion
The TPHs degradation by bioaugmentation in the model soils was 81?±?2% after 56 days, while it was only 27?±?2% after 74 days in the field-aged soils. The lower degradation in the field-aged soils can be attributed to the removal of a large part of the biodegradable and volatile TPHs fractions during the weathering process. The two-compartment model that can depict a fast-degradation phase followed by a slow-degradation phase predicted that the remedial goal of 475 mg kg?1 of TPHs could be achieved in the model soils within the conventional landfarming period of 60–120 days in Korea; however, the predicted period for the field-aged soils (710–4,086 days) was not practical requiring a combined biological and chemical treatment approach. Based on the kinetics study, the optimal landfarming period for the field-aged soils was 3 weeks and pre-Fenton oxidation can be used to meet the remedial goal.Conclusions
The two-compartment model can be useful for predicting landfarming period for the combined landfarming and Fenton oxidation treatment of field-aged TPHs contaminated soils. The prediction of the optimal landfarming period could lead to the reduction in both the treatment cost and period. 相似文献122.
Shin SC Kim SH You H Kim B Kim AC Lee KA Yoon JH Ryu JH Lee WJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6056):670-674
The symbiotic microbiota profoundly affect many aspects of host physiology; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying host-microbe cross-talk are largely unknown. Here, we show that the pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (PQQ-ADH) activity of a commensal bacterium, Acetobacter pomorum, modulates insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) in Drosophila to regulate host homeostatic programs controlling developmental rate, body size, energy metabolism, and intestinal stem cell activity. Germ-free animals monoassociated with PQQ-ADH mutant bacteria displayed severe deregulation of developmental and metabolic homeostasis. Importantly, these defects were reversed by enhancing host IIS or by supplementing the diet with acetic acid, the metabolic product of PQQ-ADH. 相似文献
123.
Suruga K Nagasawa N Yamada S Satoh T Kawachi R Nishio T Kume T Oku T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(23):6835-6843
Commercial cytochrome c (Cyt c) was irradiated with Co-60 gamma-rays in the dose range of up to 3.0 kGy to investigate the enhancement of the nitrite reducing activity of Cyt c. The optimum irradiation dose to induce nitrite reducing activity for 30 muM Cyt c solution was 1.0 kGy under an O(2) atmosphere. The nitrite reducing activity of Cyt c irradiated at this dose was approximately 45-fold that of unirradiated Cyt c and ca. 1.2-fold that of nitrite reductase. The irradiation treatment resulted in unfolding of the peptide chain, exposure of the heme group, oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide, dissociation of the sixth ligand (Met), and occurrence of autoxidation in Cyt c. Sepharose-immobilized irradiated Cyt c had a similar activity to that in solution. The resin retained the activity after five uses even after 1 year of storage. The irradiated Cyt c will be able to be used as a substitute for nitrite reductase. 相似文献
124.
Hyung Hwan Kim Min Jin Kim Su Jung Ryu Chang Seok Ki Young Hwan Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(7):1033-1042
In this study, electrospinning of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and its optimum preparation conditions were examined in detail using various solvent systems, such as formic acid, dichloromethane/dimethyl formamide (DMF), chloroform/DMF, and dichloroethane. The average fiber diameter of the electrospun PCL mat was controlled by the solvent used with a proper concentration of PCL dope solution. Different fiber sizes (0.1, 0.8, 1.9, and 3.4 μm) of uniform PCL mats were fabricated and the effects of fiber size on surface morphology, tensile properties and cell behavior were investigated. Here, we manipulated much broader range of average fiber diameter of the mats, from nano to several micron size of fiber. It was found that the fiber diameter greatly affected topology (surface roughness) and mechanical properties of the electrospun PCL mat and consequently, they influenced the cell behavior (adhesion and proliferation) significantly. We expect that these results will provide more feasible application of electrospun PCL scaffold in tissue engineering through the co-relations in structure and property of PCL fiber mat on cell behavior. 相似文献
125.
The effect of extrusion on characteristics of destarched corn fiber was investigated. Extrusion was conducted at a screw speed of 300 rpm, feed rate of 100 g/min, feed moisture content of 30%, melt temperature of 140 °C and die diameter of 3 mm. After extrusion, characteristics of raw and extruded destarched corn fiber were compared. Raw and extruded destarched corn fibers were enzymatically saccharified and fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 24858). Extrusion pretreatment resulted in low crystallinity index, significant decrease in degree of polymerization and microstructure disruption of destarched corn fiber for enzymatic saccharification. This provides a significant increase in xylose yield for fermentation. Significant increase in protein digestibility and free amino nitrogen were additional benefits of extrusion for yeast nutrient in fermentation. Therefore, extruded destarched corn fiber significantly increased (p < 0.05) ethanol yield (29.08 g/L) and higher conversion (88.79%) by improving the physiochemical and functional properties for saccharification and fermentation. 相似文献
126.
127.
A paddy-field consolidation (PC) project was carried out with large subsidies as a public investment by prefectural governments
in order to improve agricultural productivity in Japan. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quantitative benefits
and costs of the PC projects. A benefit incidence (BI) analysis was used in view of the far-reaching effects on farmers to
consumers. The results were as follows. First, with the recent decline in rice price, certain farmer benefits primarily derived
from the projects have been transferred to consumers through rice price. The transfer ratio was more than half of the total
improvement effect of rice productivity which occurred on the farmers’ side, and all economic sectors including farmers and
consumers received net benefit even though all sectors paid construction costs or taxes. Therefore, maintaining flexibility
in rice price plays an important role to secure net benefits and obtain an agreement of all people involved in the project.
Second, some benefits with regard to effects on the rural environment that was not expected at the time of planning were revealed
on many project sites. Evaluating these intangible effects will be more important for the tax payers in order to evaluate
how the environment friendly planning of the project achieved benefits.
相似文献
Yoji KunimitsuEmail: |
128.
129.
The ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Broussonetia kazinoki at 50 microg/ml showed a significant inhibition (78.2%) of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide activated macrophages. Kazinol B, an isoprenylated flavan, was identified as the active principle. It inhibits the NO synthesis with an IC(50) of 21.6 microM. 相似文献
130.