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41.
Schuindt SH Oliveira BC Pimentel PM Resende TL Retamal CA DaMatta RA Seipel D Arnholdt AC 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):207-215
Toxoplasmosis is a world wide spread zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite that is able to disseminate into deep tissues and cross biological barriers, reaching immunoprivileged sites such as the brain and retina. The parasite is able to infect macrophages and dendritic cells for dispersal throughout the body. However, the molecular mechanisms or outcomes of the subversion of the host cell are largely unknown. Recently our group established that metalloproteinases are involved in migration of infected macrophages. Herein, we evaluated the recruitment of host invasive machinery components in T. gondii infected murine macrophages. We showed by immunoprecipitation assays that MMP-9, CD44 TIMP-1 and uPAR were secreted as a multi-protein complex by infected macrophages. Zymographic analysis revealed that MMP-9 was present in its pro- and active form. Moreover, inhibition of uPA/uPAR pathway by PAI-1 decreased secretion of MMP-9 active forms, as well those associated to uPAR and TIMP-1, but not to CD44. Data presented here suggest that MMP-9 is secreted as a multiprotein complex by T. gondii infected macrophages, similar to that observed in metastatic cells. We further speculate that uPA/uPAR system is involved in the expression/secretion of complexes containing active MMP-9 forms. 相似文献
42.
Lorenz Walthert Ursula Graf Adrian Kammer Jörg Luster Daniele Pezzotta Stephan Zimmermann Frank Hagedorn 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(2):207-216
In carbonate‐containing soils a reliable determination of organic C requires a method that effectively separates organic and inorganic C without altering the organic matter. This study was conducted to determine whether HCl vapor completely removes carbonates even in dolomite‐rich soils and to what extent a widely used acid‐fumigation method has to be modified for humus‐rich soils. Furthermore, it was tested whether HCl fumigation alters organic‐C content. Since C and N parameters are often analyzed simultaneously we also tested the influence of acid‐vapor treatment on N content and on δ13C of soil organic matter. We applied fumigation with 37% HCl for 8 and 32 h using 9 carbonate‐containing soil samples. Inorganic C ranged from 7 to 124 and organic C from 9 to 267 g kg–1. The maximum contents of dolomite and calcite were 940 and 640 g kg–1, respectively. A time of 8 h was enough to completely remove all carbonates. Neither the content nor the δ13C of organic C were significantly affected by fumigation. In contrast, N contents were altered by acid treatment. Based on these results and on our experience in analyzing more than 1000 soil samples, a recommended procedure for acid fumigation of carbonate‐containing soils with a wide range of organic‐ and inorganic‐C contents was derived. Samples pretreated in this way can be analyzed reliably for their organic‐C content and δ13C. Furthermore, N and inorganic‐C contents can be determined with a quality sufficient for many purposes. 相似文献
43.
Massimo Vignoli DR. MED. VET. SRV Stefanie Ohlerth DR. MED. VET. Federica Rossi DR. MED. VET. SRV Luigi Pozzi PROF. DR. MED. VET. Rossella Terragni DR. MED. VET. Daniele Corlazzoli DR. MED. VET. Barbara Kaser-Hotz PROF. DR. MED. Vet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(2):125-130
In humans, free-hand computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy is an accurate method to obtain a tissue sample. There are only a few reports of this technique in veterinary medicine. In the present study, 21 dogs and two cats underwent a free-hand CT-guided tissue-core biopsy (17 animals) or fine-needle aspiration (six animals) of a bone lesion. Two out of 17 tissue-core samples were also cultured. All 17 tissue-core biopsy samples were diagnostic (accuracy of 100%). Five out of six aspirates were diagnostic (accuracy of 83.3%). The overall accuracy was 95.7%. In one aspirate, cytologic quality was insufficient containing only blood. No major complications were encountered. Fourteen neoplastic, two infectious and six benign lesions were diagnosed. CT examination after intravenous contrast medium added useful information to avoid large vessels and to biopsy-viable tissue. Free-hand CT-guided tissue-core biopsy and aspiration appears to be a safe and very accurate procedure for use in the diagnosis of bone-associated diseases in small animals. 相似文献
44.
Catalina Egea-Gilabert Juan A. Fernández Daniele Migliaro Juan J. Martínez-Sánchez María José Vicente 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
In this study, the genetic diversity of 50 individuals of rocket, Eruca vesicaria, from five accessions, four of them wild type collected from different parts of Spain and one commercial, were evaluated using morphological, agronomical and inter simple sequence repeat DNA (ISSR) data. Molecular analysis was carried out using the ISSR technique with 20 primers. Out of these 20 primers, nine were polymorphic, producing a total of 395 DNA bands, 247 of which were polymorphic among the accessions. A dendrogram drawn on the basis of a similarity matrix using the UPGMA algorithm revealed that the 50 samples of rocket plants could be classified into three major clusters at a Nei's genetic distance of 0.36. The experiment shows that molecular markers such as ISSR are a good instrument for distinguishing and selecting rocket accessions to group different wild populations. In general, a high variation was observed for most of the 16 morphological and 6 agronomical traits showing significant differences. Some morphological traits such as leaf length, petiole length and lamina width explained 69.1% of the whole variation observed in the populations, and some agronomical traits such as leaf area, nitrate and chlorophyll contents accounted for 65.7%, but the clusters generated by means of agronomical and morphological variables were less evident than when ISSR markers used. Some accessions showed good qualities, such as small leaves, high chlorophyll content, late-flowering or low nitrate content. All these parameters, together with the high degree of genetic homogeneity found, could make the local accessions good candidates for a future breeding programme. 相似文献
45.
Daniele Nizzoli Marco Bartoli Pierluigi Viaroli 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(1):98-108
In the Sacca di Goro lagoon a farming cycle of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) was simulated seeding young molluscs in an unexploited sandy spot. The experimental area (2100 m2) consisted of three sectors: a control (C), almost devoid of clams (∼ 1600 m− 2, ∼ 30 ind m− 2), a low (L) density area (400 m2, ∼ 300 ind m− 2) and a high (H) density zone (∼ 110 m− 2, ∼ 800 ind m− 2). Water chemistry, external freshwater nutrient loads, molluscs filtration rates, biomass, elemental composition and nutrient recycling were analysed.Clam filtration rates and light and dark fluxes of nutrients were measured with intact core incubations. Three replicate cores (i.d. 20 cm) were collected from C, L and H in April, one month after the seeding, June, August and October 2003. External loads were calculated multiplying dissolved and particulate nutrients concentration by freshwater flow from the main lagoon tributaries. Direct excretion, filtration activity of clams and particulate matter deposition resulted in significantly higher ammonium (NH4+) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) effluxes to the water column at L and H. For the entire farming cycle, particulate nitrogen (PN) uptake by clams from the water column was 1.7 (C), 9.1 (L) and 16.3 (H) mol m− 2, whilst total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) fluxes were − 0.3 (C), 1.6 (L) and 6.9 (H) mol m− 2. Particulate phosphorus (PP) uptake from the water column was 0.1 (C), 0.6 (L) and 1.0 (H) mol m− 2, whilst total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) efflux was 0.2 (C), 0.5 (L) and 0.8 (H) mol m− 2. At the end of the farming cycle, harvested N as mollusc flesh was negligible for C, 0.4 mol m− 2 for L and 1.8 mol m− 2 for H. Harvested P as mollusc flesh was negligible for C, 0.02 mol m− 2 for L and 0.04 mol m− 2 for H. Farmed areas seem to have a great potential for fast coupling between sedimentation (filter feeder mediated biodeposition) and benthic recycling. At the lagoon level, mollusc farming probably attenuates the export of particulate matter to the open sea. Our results show that a minor fraction of biodeposited N (∼ 6%) and P (∼ 3%) was exported as a commercial product at the end of the farming cycle, whilst a larger fraction was incorporated in the sediments or recycled as dissolved inorganic or organic forms. 相似文献
46.
Reduction of Nitrate and Ammonium Adsorption Using Microscale Iron Particles and Zeolitite 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Silvia Comba Maria Martin Daniele Marchisio Rajandrea Sethi Elisabetta Barberis 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(3):1079-1089
Nitrate contamination of groundwater represents a threat to human health. Many researchers have studied zerovalent iron as
a mean to remediate nitrate contamination. However, the application of such method is limited by ammonium production. This
work investigates the use of microscale iron particles in association with zeolitite, a natural material containing zeolite,
to remove nitrate and ammonium from groundwater. The association of the two materials is shown to lower the nitrate concentration
in both deionized water and groundwater under the limit suggested by the European Union and to significantly reduce the ammonium
concentration. The method is potentially applicable in water filtration. 相似文献
47.
Antonangeli D Siebert J Aracne CM Farber DL Bosak A Hoesch M Krisch M Ryerson FJ Fiquet G Badro J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6013):64-67
Seismic discontinuities in Earth typically arise from structural, chemical, or temperature variations with increasing depth. The pressure-induced iron spin state transition in the lower mantle may influence seismic wave velocities by changing the elasticity of iron-bearing minerals, but no seismological evidence of an anomaly exists. Inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on (Mg(0.83)Fe(0.17))O-ferropericlase at pressures across the spin transition show effects limited to the only shear moduli of the elastic tensor. This explains the absence of deviation in the aggregate seismic velocities and, thus, the lack of a one-dimensional seismic signature of the spin crossover. The spin state transition does, however, influence shear anisotropy of ferropericlase and should contribute to the seismic shear wave anisotropy of the lower mantle. 相似文献
48.
The antioxidant capacity of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol), propyl gallate (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid n-propyl ester), resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), and vitamins C (l-ascorbic acid) and E [(+)-alpha-tocopherol] was studied in chemical and biological systems. The chemical assays evaluated the capacity of these antioxidants to sequester 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS.) and 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.). A new colorimetric method to determine hydroxyl radical scavenging is also described. The biological tests use the eucaryotic cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae treated with the antioxidants in the presence of the stressing agents apomorphine, hydrogen peroxide, and paraquat dichloride (methylviologen; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride). The results in chemical systems showed that all of the antioxidants were able to significantly inhibit the oxidation of beta-carotene by hydroxyl free radicals. The assays in yeast showed that the antioxidant activity of the tested compounds depended on the stressing agent used and the mechanism of action of the antioxidant. 相似文献
49.
50.
Fraternale D Sosa S Ricci D Genovese S Messina F Tomasini S Montanari F Marcotullio MC 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(4):654-661
The topical anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging and antifungal activities of essential oils and extracts of Commiphora erythraea (Ehrenb.) Engl. resin were investigated. The hexane extract significantly inhibited oedema when applied topically in Croton oil-induced ear oedema assay in mice. The same extract showed antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging assay. A bioguided separation of the hexane extract led to the isolation of furanosesquiterpenoids 1 and 2 that showed a weak antifungal activity, while compounds 3-5 resulted to be antioxidant (EC50 4.28, 2.56 and 1.08 mg/mL, respectively) and anti-inflammatory (30, 26 and 32% oedema reduction, respectively). 相似文献