水肥空间耦合对冬小麦光合特性的影响

在防雨棚管栽试验条件下,以品种“3279”为研究材料,通过7种不同处理来研究水肥空间耦合对冬小麦光合特性的影响,试验结果表明:不同的水肥耦合处理中,冬小麦的光合速率、气孔导度、细胞间隙CO2浓度有所不同,三者之间有很好的平衡关系。其中,深层施肥处理其小麦在生长后期能够维持较高的光合速率,但气孔导度却有所降低,有效地减少了水分散失,表现出很好的节水潜力。同样水分条件下维持同样高的光合速率时,深层施肥的肥上灌水与肥下灌水相比,其受水分影响小,叶绿素含量下降快。深施肥20 cm处灌水处理,在开花后小麦叶片光合作用最强,气孔导度小,细胞间隙CO2浓度高,具有更好的节水潜力。     

新疆平原灌区综合排水措施与模式

在总结已有研究成果及实践经验的基础上,结合近期开展的水盐监测与试验研究,综合地下水开发利用、节水节肥、土地资源合理配置以及农业结构调整等成果资料.应用土壤水盐运移理论与系统分析原理,为实现干旱内陆河流域水土资源可持续利用,系统地提出适应于不同地貌单元,不同土壤盐碱化治理阶段的竖井排灌、竖井与水平联合排灌、水平排水等工程措施,以及利用自然与人造微地形情况下的农田干排盐、生物排盐措施.     

Effect of Supplementing Alfalfa Powder to Diet on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Goose

The experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary alfalfa powder on the growth performance,body size,slaughter performance,organ index and meat quality of Siji geese.A total of 256 15-day-old geese (half male and half female) with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with 4 replicates of 16 geese each.The geese in control group were fed with corn-soybean meal-based diet (control diet),and geese in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet replaced with 10%,20% and 30% alfalfa powder,respectively.The results showed that,compared with the control group,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily intake,average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,body oblique length,keel length,shin circumference,semi diving length,chest width and shin length (P>0.05),and also had no effect on the carcass ratio,half-eviscerated carcass ratio and pectoral muscle ratio (P>0.05).However,dietary 20% and 30% alfalfa powder supplementation significantly increased the chest depth (P<0.05),dietary 30% alfalfa powder significantly decreased the full-eviscerated carcass ratio (P<0.05),and dietary 10% alfalfa powder significantly increased the leg muscle ratio (P<0.05) of geese.In addition,dietary alfalfa powder significantly decreased the abdominal fat ratio (P<0.05),raised the growth index of liver,jejunum,ileum,and cecum (P<0.05),and increased the water loss rate of pectoral muscle and leg muscle (P<0.05) compared with the control group.Dietary 10% and 30% alfalfa powder significantly increased duodenal growth index (P<0.05) of geese.In conclusion,dietary alfalfa powder supplementation might improve the slaughter performance (increase chest depth and leg muscle ratio,reduce abdominal fat rate) and organ growth index (increase the growth index of liver,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and cecum).However,dietary alfalfa powder increased water loss rates in pectoral muscle and leg muscle,and 30% alfalfa powder reduced the full-eviscerated carcass ratio of geese.The appropriate supplementation level of alfalfa powder was recommended at 10% in the present study.     

Construction of Brucella ClpS Gene Mutant Strain and Its Effect on Virulence

The present study aimed to determine the role of ClpS gene,and to analyse the impact of ClpS mutation on the virulence of Brucella.A ClpS gene mutant strain,named ΔClpS was constructed by homologous recombination technology.The bacterial growth kinetics,the LPS synthesis ability and the survival ability of bacterial within macrophages as well as the virulence in mouse model were measured.In addition,the difference between parent strain 2308 and the mutant strain ΔClpS were compared.The results showed that under the same culture conditions,no difference in bacterial concentration was observed between 2308 and ΔClpS strains.The silver staining examination showed that the expression level of LPS extracted from two strains were similar,indicating ClpS gene mutation did not alter the growth rate and LPS synthesis ability of Brucella. In the cell infection assay,the survival ability of ΔClpS strain in cells was extremely significantly lower than that of 2308 strain at 72 h after infection (P<0.01).The results of mouse infection experiment showed that in the first week after infection,no significant difference in spleen weight and bacterial concentration between 2308 and ΔClpS strains infected mice was observed.However,at 4 weeks after infection,the bacterial concentration in spleen of ΔClpS infected mice was 10^3.93 CFU/g spleen,which was significantly lower than that of 2308 strain (10^6.68 CFU/g spleen,P<0.01).The spleen weight of ΔClpS infected mice was also remarkably lower than that of 2308 strain (P<0.01).In summary,the results suggested that the ClpS gene of Brucella did not play a role in Brucella growth rate and ability of LPS synthesis,whereas ClpS gene mutation decreased the ability of Brucella colonization in mouse spleen.     

党参和白术对脾虚北京鸭肠道CCK、VIP、SSmRNA表达的影响

采用利血平建立北京鸭脾虚模型,观察健脾益气中药党参和白术对脾虚北京鸭十二指肠和空肠CCK、VIP、SSmRNA表达的影响。结果表明:脾虚组鸭十二指肠和空肠CCK、SSmRNA表达都显著(P<0.05、P<0.01)低于正常组;党参预防组、治疗Ⅱ组以及白术治疗Ⅱ组治疗效果均显著,可使十二指肠和空肠CCK、SSmRNA表达回复到正常水平。说明党参具有预防脾虚的作用,且单独高剂量(中药浓度2g/mL)使用党参和白术能达到治疗脾虚的目的,其作用机理是通过调节胃肠激素在体内的平衡达到治疗脾虚泄泻的目的。     

内蒙古阿拉善盟草原疯草危害调查

采用现场调查和资料收集相结合的方法，对内蒙古阿拉善盟的阿拉善左旗、阿拉善右旗和额济纳旗3个旗疯草的种类、分布、危害及防治对策进行了调查研究。结果表明：阿拉善盟有疯草7种，其中棘豆属有毒植物3种，黄芪属有毒植物4种，分布面积超过139．33万hm^2，危害最严重的是小花棘豆和变异黄芪，给当地畜牧业造成了极大的危害，并就如何综合利用疯草提出了几点措施。     

猪瘟病毒的分离鉴定及其E2基因序列分析

2004~2005年上海和江苏3家猪场发生仔猪急性死亡,用ELISA鉴别试剂盒证明为猪瘟感染。用PK15细胞分离病毒,传代至第3代无细胞病变,RT-PCR扩增E2基因为阳性,扩增片段经纯化后克隆入T载体并进行序列测定。通过DNAStar软件对3株病毒的基因序列进行了比较,同时构建了系统进化树,结果表明,三株病毒分离株均扩增出269bp片段并且核苷酸序列100%同源,这3株与Alfort、Shimen株、兔化弱毒株(HCLV)和Brescia4个标准毒株核苷酸序列同源性均在90%以上,说明在江苏、上海地区分离得到的3株猪瘟病毒与流行毒株在基因序列上没有发生大的变异。     

he effects of constant magnetic field on apoptosis,adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells and their adhesion rates with monocytes

AIM: To investigate the effects of constant magnetic field on apoptosis, secretion and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and their adhesion rates with THP-1 monocytes induced by angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ).METHODS: The third passage of cultured HUVEC was used.There were six groups: control group, Ang Ⅱ (10^-6 mol/L) group, Ang Ⅱ with 1, 5, 10 or 20 gausses of constant magnetic field group.Samples were collected 24 h after incubation with or without magnetic field.Apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and propidinm iodide staining with flow cytometry.Secretion and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were detected by ELISA and immunocytochemistry, respectively.Adhesion rate between HUVEC and THP-1 was measured by counting method.RESULTS: Ang Ⅱ at concentration of 10^-6mol/L induced apoptosis in HUVECs (P<0.05 vs control), whereas in 1, 5, 10 and 20 gausses group, apoptosis of HUVECs was significantly lower than that in Ang Ⅱ group (P<0.05).Ang Ⅱ at concentration of 10-6 mol/L significantly increased secretion and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (P<0.05 vs control), whereas secretion and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in 1, 5, 10 and 20 gausses group significantly decreased, compared with Ang Ⅱ group (P<0.05).The adhesion rates between HUVEC and THP-1 significantly increased 24 h after incubation of HUVEC with Ang Ⅱ (P<0.05 vs control), in contrast, the adhesion rates between HUVEC and THP-1 in 1, 5, 10 and 20 gausses group significantly decreased, compaed with Ang Ⅱ group (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: One gauss to 20 gausses of constant magnetic field antagonizes the effects of Ang Ⅱ on HUVEC, decreases apoptosis and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in HUVEC, and also decreases the adhesion rates between HUVEC and monocytes induced by Ang Ⅱ.     

类黄酮在草甘膦诱导的苦荞膜脂过氧化中的作用

研究了草甘膦对苦荞类黄酮次生代谢的影响及类黄酮与草甘膦作用下膜脂过氧化伤害的关系，以探讨植物类黄酮代谢的意义及在草甘膦伤害中的作用机制。结果表明，分别用浓度为0．1、0．3、1mmoL／L的草甘膦处理苦荞幼苗，苦荞类黄酮代谢受到明显抑制，处理3天时类黄酮含量比对照分别下降58．1％、65．8％和76．5％。草甘膦处理导致苦荞膜脂过氧化加剧，0．1mmoL／L草甘膦处理使苦荞相对电导率增加275．4％、丙二醛（MDA）含量增加134．1％、超氧自由基O2^-产生速率增加121．7％，且随草甘膦浓度升高而增加幅度加大，说明草甘膦伤害与膜脂过氧化程度有关。0．3mmoL／L草甘膦处理后再用0．1mmoL／L类黄酮物质芦丁处理，电解质外渗下降34．2％，MDA含量下降51．1％，O2^-产生下降33．9％，明显减轻了草甘膦的伤害，这说明草甘膦作用下类黄酮含量的下降与草甘膦对苦荞组织伤害有一定的关系。