基于BP神经网络的旁热式辐射与对流粮食干燥过程模型

针对旁热式辐射与对流粮食干燥机的干燥特点,建立了一种粮食干燥机干燥过程的BP神经网络预测模型。该模型采用了3层神经网络结构(8-10-1),模型输入为粮食干燥机的8个变量,模型输出为出口粮食水分比或干燥速率。通过编写Matlab建模程序,基于实际干燥实验的样本数据训练与测试网络,实现了红外辐射与对流联合干燥的动力学模型,并给出了相应的模型数学表达式,模型预测的出口水分比与干燥速率的R2分别为0.998 9和0.998 0,均方根误差分别为0.009和0.004 1,预测结果与实际测量数据拟合较好;另外,结合实验干燥条件对模型干燥性能的预测结果进行了分析与总结,并依据同样方法建立了顺逆流粮食干燥过程的出口粮食水分比预测模型,对比了2种干燥方式的干燥性能。仿真预测表明用BP神经网络方法建模简单,具有自适应性、灵活性和自学习性等特点,相比于其他粮食干燥的经验数学模型,能综合考虑多种影响因素,可为红外辐射与对流联合干燥过程提供一种新的建模方法。     

基于流声耦合法的超低比转数离心泵空化特性研究

为研究离心泵不同空化状态下噪声特性的变化规律,以及空化的发展对水动力噪声的影响,首先以一台超低比转数离心泵为研究对象,搭建闭式试验台,基于泵产品测试系统及数据采集系统建立了离心泵空化噪声的试验测试系统,实现了泵性能参数和内场噪声信号的同步采集。其次,分别应用不同空化模型对模型泵空化性能曲线进行预测,并与试验值进行对比,选择合适的空化模型。在此基础上将整个空化过程划分为未空化阶段、空化初生阶段、特征空化阶段及严重空化阶段,结合声学边界元法将流场信息转化为声场信息,并通过比较各空化阶段噪声预测值与试验值相对误差,发现模拟信号与实际信号吻合度较高,充分验证了预测方法的可行性。最后,基于流声耦合法研究空化对内部声场的影响。研究发现:针对超低比转数离心泵空化,Zwart模型比Kunz模型具有更好的适用性。内场噪声信号随空化的发展变化规律比较复杂。在中低频段,由于空化对动静干涉的抑制作用,使得叶频及其倍频特征值离散分量声压级随空化的发展呈现逐渐下降趋势,而轴频分量呈现增大趋势;而高频宽频噪声随空化系数的降低呈现先缓慢减小、然后急剧上升的规律,逐渐将高频特征值分量淹没在宽频带中,高频段声压级的增高造成总声压级的升高。     

利用红外光谱研究‘凤丹白’牡丹花瓣伸展过程中物质变化

为了明确花瓣的伸展机制,以‘凤丹白’牡丹(Paeonia ostii)为研究对象,借助傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy,FTIR)及高斯多峰拟合,分析蕾期、初开期和盛开期花瓣的波谱特征及蛋白质二级结构的差异性。主要结果如下:随着花朵开放花瓣伸展,777、1 105、1 155、1 243、1 447、1 651、1 740、2 853和2 926 cm~(-1)处的振动峰振动依次增强,表明磷脂质、核酸、脂类和蛋白质等代谢物质随花瓣的伸展逐渐增强;且蕾期1 030 cm~(-1)处的振动峰在花开后移至1 060 cm~(-1),表明蕾期花瓣细胞壁多糖以甘露聚糖为主,花朵开放后则以阿拉伯糖为主。蛋白质中甲基基团含量(A2 951 cm~(-1)/A 2 858 cm~(-1))出现平稳下降的趋势,初开期比蕾期减少7.97%,盛开期减少13.38%;糖蛋白的变化(A 1 083 cm~(-1)/A 1 547 cm~(-1))也呈现下降趋势,推测‘凤丹白’牡丹是通过蛋白质糖基化作用调控花瓣的伸展过程。对氨基Ⅰ区域(1 600~1 700 cm~(-1))高斯多峰拟合数据显示,各阶段花瓣中均含有果胶相连的β–折叠、β–折叠、无规卷曲、α–螺旋及环与转角;α–螺旋、β–折叠及无规卷曲所占比例在花瓣伸展过程中呈现增长趋势,表明蕾期花瓣通过降低α–螺旋应对缺水造成的生理胁迫,并可以利用ATP合成花瓣生长发育所需的物质;花瓣通过形成更多功能域较多的蛋白质,有效调控花瓣伸展时复杂的生物化学过程。     

高产优质水稻新品种9香优007的选育

9香优007系铜仁鑫天地农业发展有限公司利用自育恢复系铜恢007与自育不育系9香A杂交选育的新品种.主要特点是:米质优、抗性强、丰产稳产性好.具有较好的推广前景.     

果蝇毛锤角细蜂对黑腹果蝇蛹不同龄期的选择性

黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster Meigen是浆果类水果的果实害虫之一,对葡萄果实为害严重。毛锤角细蜂Trichopria drosophilae是黑腹果蝇的蛹寄生蜂之一。本文在温度26℃、相对湿度50%、光周期14L:10D的室内条件下,研究了毛锤角细蜂对不同日龄黑腹果蝇蛹的选择性。结果表明:毛锤角细蜂可寄生黑腹果蝇各日龄的蛹,但偏爱寄生预蛹。在寄主预蛹时,毛锤角细蜂的出蜂量、寄生率和选择系数分别为14.00头、35%和0.13,均显著高于1~3日龄蛹;不同日龄的黑腹果蝇蛹对毛锤角细蜂后代发育历期和雌蜂比没有显著影响。综上所述,黑腹果蝇的预蛹是毛锤角细蜂寄生的最佳时期。以黑腹果蝇为寄主时,研究毛锤角细蜂的寄生规律对于黑腹果蝇及其他果蝇的生物防治具有重要的指导意义。     

小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’和‘枫林红晕’

小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’是以‘Branice Sunny’为母本,‘183’株系为父本经人工杂交选育而成,舌状花亮黄色,头状花序直径3.7 cm,冠幅63.8 cm,单株着花1 007朵。‘枫林红晕’是以‘388’株系为母本,从德国引进的多个品种为父本混合授粉选育而成,舌状花中上部粉色,下部白色,头状花序直径3.6 cm,冠幅60.2 cm,单株着花847朵。两个新品种冠幅大,株形紧凑丰满,呈半圆形,群体效果良好,适于北京地区秋季绿化。     

Effect of miRNA-33 on ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells after Hcy treatment

AIM:To study whether homocysteine (Hcy) inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) by microRNA-33 (miRNA-33) signaling, and reduces the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).METHODS:RAW264.7 macrophages were induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish foam cell model. Oil red O staining was used to determine whether the model was established successfully. miRNA-33 mimics and miRNA-33 inhibitor were transfected into the cells by Lipofectamine 2000, and the cells were exposed to Hcy at concentration of 5 mmol/L for 24 h. The intracellular lipid droplets were observed by Oil red O staining. The expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The cellular cholesterol content was analyzed by HPLC, and effluent rate of cholesterol was detected by the method of liquid scintillation counting.RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, the lipid content in miRNA-33 mimics group was increased, and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was decreased (P<0.05). The intracellular cholesterol content was increased gradually (P<0.05), and the cellular cholesterol efflux rate was gradually decreased (P<0.05) in miRNA-33 mimics group. Compared with blank control group, the testing results in miRNA-33 inhibitor group were the opposition of those in miRNA-33 mimics group (P<0.05). No diffe-rence of the above indexes among blank control group, miRNA-33 mimics-NC group and miRNA-33 inhibitor-NC group was observed.CONCLUSION:Hcy inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 through miRNA-33 signaling, and reduces the efficiency of RCT in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells.     

Role of TLR4-TRPC6 in LPS-induced NF-κB P65 expression and nuclear translocation in airway epithelial 16HBE cells

AIM: To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) P65 expression and nuclear translocation in airway epithelial cells (16HBE) for supplementing the mechanism for airway inflammation. METHODS: After stimulating the 16HBE cells with LPS at 1 mg/L for 0, 0.5, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h, the expression of NF-κB P65 at mRNA and protein levels in the 16HBE cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively, and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB P65 was detected by immunocytochemical staining method. The effects of TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 at 5 μmol/L and TRPC6 agonist Hyp9 at 10 μmol/L on LPS (1 mg/L)-induced NF-κB P65 expression and nuclear translocation in the 16HBE cells were determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemical staining. RESULTS: LPS increased the mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB P65 and nuclear translocation in the 16HBE cells(P<0.05). TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 reduced the mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB P65 and nuclear translocation induced by LPS, while Hyp9 enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of NF-κB P65 and nuclear translocation induced by LPS in the 16HBE cells(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LPS induces the expression and nuclear translocation of NF-κB P65 in the 16HBE cells via TLR4-TRPC6 signaling pathway.     

不同水分处理条件下小麦需水规律研究

对小麦需水量与产量的关系进行了试验研究。结果表明,小麦需水量与产量关系呈二次抛物线关系,函数式y=-0.434 1 x2+348.66 x-67 248。在整个生育期中,小麦苗期需水强度最低,拔节期至成熟期小麦的需水强度基本随着生育期的推进逐渐上升并在孕穗至成熟期达到峰值,说明拔节期~孕穗期为小麦的生长旺盛期。试验成果为制定贵州小麦灌溉制度提供了参考依据。     

物流搬运站PLC控制系统设计

对物流搬运中的搬运站进行研究设计,设计出了以PLC为核心的高效率工作搬运站.主要由一个三自由度的机械手组成,能够按照生产要求,采用西门子S7-200系列PLC对电磁阀进行控制,然后用电磁阀控制气动系统来驱动气缸的运动.实现机械手手指的抓紧与松开、手臂的旋转、手臂的伸长与收缩、整体的上升与下降进而达到搬运站的各种搬运动作,不仅大大减少了劳动力的使用,节约了生产成本,还加快包裹搬运速度,提高了工作效率.