利用SRAP分子标记对黄瓜Gl基因的初步定位分析

将黄瓜有毛野生类型S06(GlGl)和无毛突变体(glgl)作为亲本,对其后代F1和F2进行遗传分析.在F1代中,叶片均表现有毛,有毛为显性;F2代出现有毛无毛分离,比例经χ2检测差异不显著,符合孟德尔遗传3:1比例.表明黄瓜的有毛无毛性状由一对核基因控制,有毛性状(Gl)对无毛性状(gf)为显性.用SRAP标记结合分离群体分组混合分析法(bulked segregant analysis.BsA)进行黄瓜果刺形成基因定位.利用16条正向引物和22条反向引物(共352个组合)进行多态性筛选,找到2个与Gl基因连锁的显性标记分别是ME6EM5和ME230D15,均位于Gl位点同一侧,与Gl的连锁距离分别为3.6 cM和12.9 cM.     

豆浆和黄浆水的超滤试验研究

用醋酸纤维素膜和聚矾膜对豆浆和黄浆水进行了超滤试验。分析了液体温度、压力、流速、ｐＨ值等因素对渗透流量和截留率的影响。通过正交试验，得到了处理黄浆水废液的最佳工况。     

Influence of Delipation on the Energy Metabolism in Pig Parthenogenetically Activated Embryos

This study was designed not only to measure the effect of delipation on the developmental viability of pig parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos, but also to evaluate the changes of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and gene (Acsl3, Acadsb, Acaa2, Glut1) expression level at different stages after delipation. Results showed that no effect was observed on the cleavage ability, but significant lower blastocyst rate was obtained in delipated embryos. Copy number of mtDNA decreased gradually from MII to four‐cell stages and subsequently kept consistent with blastocyst stage both in delipated and control embryos, but the copy number of mtDNA in delipated embryos was similar to that in the control groups no matter at which developmental stage was observed. Both in delipated and control embryos, ATP content progressive decreased from one‐cell to blastocyst stages, while just at one‐cell stage, a significant decrease of ATP level was observed in delipated embryos compared with that of control. The level of ROS increased obviously after delipation at cleavage stage, but no difference was seen at blastocyst stage. Finally, the expression level of genes related to fatty acids beta‐oxidation (Acadsb and Acaa2) was decreased, while the expression level of genes related to glucose metabolism (Glut 1) was upregulated after delipation. In conclusion, the reduction of lipids in pig oocytes will affect the developmental competence of pig PA embryos by disturbed energy metabolism and ROS stress.     

污灌水中的铁对土壤性质和水稻生长的影响

以污灌水形式带入农田的铁对水稻影响的研究报道尚少。本文通过水稻盆栽试验,研究不同浓度的含铁污水对土壤pH值、水溶性及交换性亚铁含量和水稻植株含铁量、生长状况及产量的影响。结果表明,在两造的时间内,当污灌水含铁1000ppm以上时减产显著,污灌水含铁600～800ppm时有减产的趋势,污灌水含铁600ppm以下时对产量没有显著影响。水稻亚铁中毒时从老叶叶鞘中部开始发病。晚造糙米含铁量为早造的4～9倍。     

高邮鸭和金定鸭胸肌早期发育及MyoD1基因表达分析

 
采用qPCR分析生肌调节因子MyoD1基因在高邮鸭和金定鸭胚胎期及初生早期(13、17、21、25、27胚龄和出雏后7日龄)胸肌发育中的表达模式以及与胚胎和胸肌发育的相关性。结果表明,MyoD1 mRNA在两个品种鸭胸肌早期发育中表现出一致的表达规律,均呈“波浪形”,在13胚龄时表达量相对较高,17胚龄时下降,21胚龄时上升到最高,随后下降,出雏后又维持较高水平;品种间比较结果显示除了在25胚龄时金定鸭胸肌中MyoD1 mRNA表达量稍低于高邮鸭,在其他所检测的胚龄/日龄中,金定鸭胸肌中MyoD1 mRNA表达量均高于高邮鸭胸肌中的表达量(P>0.05);高邮鸭胸肌MyoD1 mRNA表达与胚胎和胸肌发育无显著相关性,而金定鸭胸肌中MyoD1 mRNA的表达与其胚胎和胸肌发育呈强负相关(P胚重=0.048;P胸肌重=0.006)。MyoD1基因参与鸭胚胎期及出雏早期胸肌的发育,胸肌中MyoD1基因表达分析研究为进一步深入研究MyoD1基因在胚胎期胸肌发生过程及其调控机理中的功能提供一定的理论依据     

动物性成熟启动基因网络和神经内分泌调节研究进展

 动物性成熟启动是一个复杂的生物学过程,其决定性事件是下丘脑GnRH脉冲式释放增加。GnRH脉冲式释放增加是由跨突触改变和神经胶质输入两个方面共同引起的,其中,跨突触改变由谷氨酸能神经元、Kisspeptin神经元、γ 氨基丁酸能神经元、阿片能神经元及RFRP神经元提供,而神经胶质输入主要由生长因子家族提供。诸多功能基因参与了性成熟启动过程,组成了复杂的基因调控网络,这些基因并不是按照严格的等级顺序排列,而是在功能上有所重叠。转录调节因子的抑制性作用使得性成熟启动不会提早发生。论文还介绍了表观机制在性成熟启动调控中的重要作用。     

不同酸泡菜中产细菌素植物乳杆菌的筛选

从6种泡菜中分离出217株乳杆菌,通过琼脂点扩散交叉拮抗试验,筛选出发酵液有抑菌作用的12株植物乳杆菌。排除了酸、过氧化氢的作用后,7株的离心发酵液对来自于甘蓝泡菜的1株植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum 96D 仍有抑菌活性,用胰蛋白酶对其处理后抑菌活性丧失,说明它们产生的抑菌物质是细菌素。其中 G_6,G_8,G_9和 H_(16)菌株抑菌效果较显著。     

腐霉对姜根茎腐烂的作用

本文描述了姜根茎腐烂的三种症状类型:青枯型、黄腐型及黄枯型;分别由青枯细菌、腐霉菌及青桔细菌和腐霉苗引起,鉴定出4种致病腐霉:P(?)(?)P.(?)P.(?)和P.(?).通过接种试验,证明腐霉对姜有较强的致病力;与青枯细菌共同为害,病将更严重,故姜的根茎腐烂不完全是细菌青枯病。     

四川生态区甘蓝型油菜自交种和自然种品质成分的比较(英文)

[Objective] This study was to reveal the differences in crude fat and glucosinolates between self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds in Brassica napus in sichuan ecological region. [Method] Near-infrared spectroscopy method (NIRS) was employed to measure the quality components in self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds of 861 shares of Brassica napus from Sichuan ecological region. And correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted based on the experimental data via SPSS (statistics package for social science). [Result] The contents of crude fat in the self pollinated seeds were commonly a higher than that in the naturally pollinated seeds at 0.01 significant level; while the contents of glucosinolates in the self pollinated seeds and the naturally pollinated seeds were insignificantly different. Both the correlation relationship and linear regression for the crude fat between the self pollinated seeds and naturally pollinated seeds reached the significant level. The regression equations for the contents of crude fat(y1) and glucosinolates(y2) in the naturally pollinated seeds and of crude fat(x1) and glucosinolates(x2) in self pollinated seeds were respectively determined to be y1=16.844+0.614x1 and y2=-0.620+1.017x2. [Conclusion] In Brassica napus breeding, crude fat in naturally pollinated seeds should be emphatically taken into account, meanwhile concurrently considering that in self pollinated seeds; while glucosinolates in both the self pollinated seeds and the naturally pollinated seeds must be simultaneously concerned.     

脂肪酸甲酯和活菌计数法检测氯磺隆对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

利用脂肪酸甲酯和活菌计数2种方法检测不同质量分数氯磺隆对土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明:土样经氯磺隆处理1 d,只有放线菌受到抑制,而细菌和真菌没有变化,当处理45 d时,细菌和放线菌随氯磺隆质量分数的增加而表现为抑制,真菌没有显著变化(P0.05)。活菌计数与脂肪酸分析结果一致。因此,土壤微生物对氯磺隆的敏感程度是放线菌细菌真菌,细菌在一定时间内表现出对氯磺隆的耐受性。