武汉地区美洲斑潜蝇发生规律初探

美洲斑潜蝇在武汉地区寄主范围大,分布广,可周年危害;水平分布具边际效应,垂直分布主要集中在中下部叶片为害;温度与寄主植物是影响其发生的主要因素。     

44个柚品种果实Vc与酸含量回归关系的计算机拟合

根据1991-1994年连续4年观测资料的平均值,对44个柚品种果实Vc与酸含量的相关关系,通过计算机编程进行了直线方程、双曲线、指数函数、幂函数、对数函数、S型曲线和二次多项式曲线等8种常见方程式配合,确定了二次多项式Y=32.12-135.18X 50.43X~2(相关指数R=0.868)为其最适合的回归方程.另外,各年份间这种回归曲线图表现相对一致,更进一步证实柚品种基因型中果实VC与总酸含量之间确实存在着一种极显著而稳定的相关关系.     

Expression of engineered antibodies in plants: a possible tool for spiroplasma and phytoplasma disease control

ABSTRACT In an attempt to develop maize plants with resistance to corn stunt spi-roplasma (CSS), a single-chain Fv fragment (scFv) gene that was constructed from antibodies with strong inhibitory activity against CSS, was expressed in a cell line of maize. However, plants regenerated from this transgenic cell line showed no distinct resistance to CSS infection under the greenhouse conditions. The affinity and functionality of scFv in vivo and the locations of CSS and expressed scFv in maize could be a part of the contributing factors affecting this result. Progress of expressing antibodies in plants for plant pathogen resistance is also discussed.     

不同培养基对香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶的影响

本文应用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对在不同培养基上生长的香菇菌丝体进行酯酶同工酶分析。结果表明,不同培养基会导致香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶酶谱产生差异。     

香菇病毒快速检测

应用十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺(SDS-PAGE)凝胶电泳分析香菇菌丝蛋白质,根据能否检出22 000道尔顿的34nm香菇病毒外壳蛋白带作为菌株是否带病毒的指标。在生长不正常香菇菌株和对照的带病毒菌株中均检测出了34nm香菇病毒外壳蛋白带。这一结果表明,应用SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳可对香菇病毒进行简单、快速的早期检测。     

原木灵芝孢子研究：（Ⅲ）与木屑袋栽灵芝孢子的鉴别

原木灵芝孢子与木屑袋栽灵芝孢子可以鉴别如下:1.在扫描电镜下,前者形态饱满,后者大多数孢壁内陷;2.X-射线能谱面扫描分析结果表明,两者Mg、Al、Si、P、S、Cl、K、Ca、Fe、Ni等无机元素相对含量差异显著,前者Si、Ca含量较高;3.高效液相色谱分析结果表明,前者灵芝酸(Ganoderic acid)A、B等灵芝三萜酸含量较高,而后者未检出Ganoderic acid C;4.孢子粉经乙醚脱脂后用乙醇回流提取、浓缩成浸膏,前者提取率(固形物含量)达4.2％～4.8％,而后者仅为1.9％～2.1％。     

无核葡萄育种技术研究进展

总结了国内外无核葡萄育种技术的研究进展,内容包括无核葡萄的常规杂交育种,胚、胚珠培养,无核葡萄的有籽处理技术,多倍体无核葡萄育种,转基因技术等,并对今后研究提出展望。     

广西杂交稻区试组合的抗白叶枯病鉴定

杂交稻具有大幅度提高水稻单位面积产量的潜力,但所应用的杂交稻组合对稻瘟病和白叶枯病必须具有一定的抗性。为了充分发挥杂交稻的增产作用和运用抗病的杂交稻组合达到防治稻白叶枯病发生为害的目的,作者于1981～1995年对本院水稻所杂交稻区     

小麦禾谷孢囊线虫湖北群体活动期特性

小麦播种时定量接种禾谷孢囊线虫（ＣＣＮ）（Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｅｒａａｖｅｎａｅ）的孢囊,发芽生根后进行系统观察,结果表明,该线虫在小麦生长季节中完成１代,小麦播种后２５～３５ｄ是２龄幼虫入侵幼根的高峰期,１００～１２０ｄ根内出现３龄幼虫,１１０～１３０ｄ发育成４龄幼虫,１３０～１５０ｄ根表露出白色孢囊（雌虫）。受感染的麦根,侵染点首先变褐,进而肿大,常见分叉增多,形成须根团,ＣＣＮ多居于自然含磷,钾元     

Isolation of Peirce's disease bacteria from grapevines in Europe

Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease (PD) of grape, was isolated from diseased grapevines grown in Kosova, Yugoslavia. The Kosova isolate was a rod-shaped bacterium which showed a typically rippled cell wall under electron microscopy. ELISA comparisons indicated that the Kosova isolate was closely related to the U.S. PD strains and to several other strains of X. fastidiosa. When DNA extracted from diseased grapevines collected from Kosova was used as template in PCR with primer sets specific for X. fastidiosa, a band of about 730 bp diagnostic for PD bacteria was detected. DNA from the isolated Kosova bacteria and the type strain of PD yielded the same length of DNA fragment in PCR assay. The Kosova isolate was inoculated into young healthy grapevines through the roots with negative pressure applied to the shoots. Typical scald and scorch symptoms appeared on the leaves of the inoculated grapevines 40–80 days after inoculation. The same bacteria were reisolated from these inoculated diseased plants and used to reinoculate young grapevines. The reinoculated grapevines produced the same symptoms, thereby fulfilling Koch's postulates. This is the first confirmation that PD of grapes occurs in Europe.