Discussion on new project establishment for pharmaceutical company

新产品开发是企业发展的战略决策,同时也是决定自身发展最重要的环节.阐述了制药企业在选择适合自身发展的产品进行开发时,应具备精良的信息检索工具以及专业的信息人员,然后利用这些条件并结合实际情况慎重考虑国家政策、知识产权、药物临床评价、产品技术、终端市场格局和相关企业竞争策略、产品销售预测及竞争力分析等各个方面的问题,从而筛选出最适宜的产品,形成具有自身特色的产品开发链.     

鹤类常见的呼吸系统疾病诊断及治疗

呼吸系统疾病是鹤类较为常见的疾病,有较高的发病率和死亡率。从临床症状、病理剖检、诊断及防治4个方面概述了几种鹤类常见的呼吸系统疾病。     

Diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene

Variation in the ovine DQA2 gene was investigated in approximately 2,000 sheep from six breeds. Fragments of DNA containing the ovine DQA2 exon 2 were amplified using PCR. Single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and DNA sequence analysis were employed to detect genetic variation. Twenty-three nucleic acid sequences, encoding 22 DQA2 amino acid sequences, were identified. This increases the number of alleles identified from 10 to 23. In some cases, three or four unique sequences were isolated from individual sheep, suggesting that these DQA2 sequences may represent two loci. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that 5 of these 23 sequences were more closely related to cattle DQA3 or DQA4 sequences than to other sheep DQA2 sequences. These sequences clustered together and were called DQA2-like to differentiate them from other DQA2 sequences. There was no evidence of DQA5-like sequences in sheep. Information theory-based analysis indicated that some of the DQA2-like sequences had low information content at splice sites, suggesting that these alleles may have low functional activity. Allelic lineages were observed not only at the DQA2 locus, but also at the DQA2-like locus, supporting the trans-species mode of evolution of MHC genes. Comparison of the allelic sequences suggests that polymorphism seems to have arisen largely by point mutation and gene conversion, and a recent gene conversion event seems to have occurred between the DQA2 and DQA2-like loci. The high level of sequence polymorphism detected and varied number of loci demonstrate the extensive diversity of the ovine DQA2 gene.     

肠艾美尔球虫纯种分离及18S rDNA部分序列测定

采用单卵囊分离技术,分离肠艾美尔球虫。根据GenBank中发表的肠艾美尔球虫18SrDNA序列,设计一对引物,建立PCR方法对其基因片段扩增并测序、比对。结果成功分离肠艾美尔球虫,PCR扩增出清晰条带,大小为528bp,最低能检出27个孢子化卵囊。该序列测定结果与Genebank发表的肠艾美尔球虫18SrDNA比对,相似性达98.5%。     

CXCL8((3-73))K11R/G31P antagonizes the neutrophil chemoattractants present in pasteurellosis and mastitis lesions and abrogates neutrophil influx into intradermal endotoxin challenge sites in vivo

Toxic products such as reactive oxygen intermediates released by activated polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) have an important role in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with the deposition of immune complexes (IC) in tissues. IC-induced activation of PMN requires adhesion mediated by integrin adhesion receptors. Of the integrins expressed on PMN, the beta(2) family has been found to be of particular importance for activation of PMN by IC. beta(2) Integrin ligand binding must be activated to enable adhesion to IC. Both activating and inhibitory signals regulate beta(2) integrin ligand avidity and adhesion. The second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been demonstrated to inhibit the activation of PMN in response to a variety of stimuli. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that cAMP-dependent signals inhibit beta(2) integrin-dependent adhesion of equine PMN to immobilized IC and subsequent adhesion-dependent activation of respiratory burst activity. Treatment of equine PMN with beta(2) adrenergic agonists isoproterenol or clenbuterol, which trigger an increase in intracellular cAMP concentration, inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC in a dose dependent manner. Similarly, inhibition of cAMP hydrolysis by the non-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor pentoxifylline and the PDE 4-specific inhibitor rolipram inhibited adhesion of equine PMN to IC. Elevation of intracellular cAMP levels with pentoxifylline, clenbuterol and rolipram also inhibited IC-induced activation of respiratory burst activity in equine PMN. Importantly, co-treatment of equine PMN with rolipram and either beta(2) adrenergic agonist synergistically inhibited both the adhesion of equine PMN to IC as well as the subsequent respiratory burst activity.     

贵州发现黑颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus humiae)

Introduction Hume’s Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae), including two subspecies, is distributed in northeastern India, Myanmar, northern Thailand and southwestern China (Collar et al., 2001). In China its distribution has been assumed to be restricted to Yunnan and northwestern Guangxi (Mackinnon et al., 2000; Zheng, 2011).     

苏中地区猪大肠杆菌病血清型鉴定及毒力基因的调查

无菌采集苏中地区兽医站、养殖场、动物医院疑似大肠杆菌感染的病死猪的有明显病变的肝、心、脾、肺等病料413份。通过细菌的分离培养,并进行生化试验和血清型鉴定,共分离到208株大肠杆菌,共鉴定出145株的的血清型,63株未能定型,定型菌株分别属于19种不同的血清型,同时对签定出的145株猪源大肠杆菌进行毒力基因检测,发现苏中地区猪大肠杆菌所含的毒力基因为含estⅡ的占50.3%,含estⅠ的占39.3%,含LT的占30.3%,含毒力基因Stx-2e的为20.7%,含Intimin的占15.9%。其中estⅠ和estⅡ较为流行。     

全棉籽对阉牛育肥性能、胴体性状及肉质的影响

本试验旨在探讨日粮中全棉籽替代棉籽饼和棉油对肥育阉牛肉用性能的影响.试验选取40头体况良好、平均初始体质量为(454.37±42.42)kg的利木赞杂交阉牛,随机分为4组,每组10头牛,分别饲喂4种不同全棉籽含量的精饲料(对照组0％,低全棉籽组7.1％,中全棉籽组13.5％,高全棉籽组22.0％),育肥期90 d.结果表明,日粮中全棉籽含量对肉牛干物质采食量、肉骨比、优质肉块百分比、pH、肌肉、肾脏、肺脏中棉酚残留量及血清生化指标无显著影响(P＞0.05);对肉牛日增体质量、胴体质量、屠宰率、净肉率、眼肌面积、背膘厚、饲料报酬、饲料成本、肝脏和心脏中棉酚残留量、剪切力、肉色等常规成分有显著影响(P＜0.05);日粮全棉籽含量为22.0％时,胴体质量、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积、优质肉块质量、肌间脂肪在4个试验组中最低.结果表明,育肥阉牛日粮中用全棉籽替代棉籽饼和棉籽油会提高肉牛的生长速度,但会降低屠宰性能和胴体品质.     

自贸区动植检快筛实验室建设要素分析

基于前海蛇口自贸区动植物检疫工作的现状和需求,对自贸区动植检快筛实验室的建设要素进行了分析和探讨,提出了以快筛快检、生物安全监测和技术交流平台为主要功能,建立自贸区动植检快筛实验室,并在实验室的建立标准、质量控制和生物安全等方面提出了初步建议,以期为自贸区动植检快筛实验室的建设提供借鉴。     

仔猪黄痢K88-K99-987p-F41多价菌毛疫苗的制备及小鼠免疫试验

为了更好地预防仔猪黄痢,选取野生分离菌株HN2001（K88ab）、HN2002（K88ac）、HN2003（K88ad）、HN2004（K99）、HN2005（987p）和HN2006（F41）培养后用低温磁力搅拌法提取菌毛,制成5批多价菌毛混合油乳剂灭活苗。试验结果表明,5批多价灭活疫苗对小鼠的平均保护率达95．0％,为进一步进行本体动物试验提供了有价值的参考资料。