发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力的影响

为研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长、饲料效率、表观消化率和消化酶活力的影响,以枯草芽孢杆菌有氧发酵豆粕替代部分鱼粉配置5组等氮、等能的实验饲料。发酵豆粕的添加量为0%(FM组)、10%(FSM10组)、15%(FSM20组)、20%(FSM30组)、25%(FSM40组),分别替代0%、10%、20%、30%、40%的鱼粉。初始体质量(19.83±0.33) g的大口黑鲈,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,每天饲喂2次(7:00和17:00),养殖75 d。结果显示：各组饲料系数无显著性差异,FSM20和FSM30组的均末重和特定生长率显著高于其他各组;各组蛋白质效率无显著性差异,FSM组的摄食量显著高于FM组,FSM40组的蛋白质沉积率和脂肪沉积率显著低于其他组;各组全鱼粗蛋白无显著性差异,在FSM20组出现最大值;FSM组的全鱼粗脂肪显著低于FM组;各组之间的蛋白质消化率和脂肪消化率无显著性差异,FSM30和FSM40的干物质表观消化率显著低于其他组;低于15%(FSM20组)替代,FSM组与FM组的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶活力无显著差异。     

药食兼用特菜-垂盆草

垂盆草(Sedum sarmentosum Bunge)是景天科(Crassulaceae)景天属植物,适应性广,易栽培,富含16种人体所需氨基酸和多种微量元素,锌、硒、铜、锗、锰等5种微量元素含量要高出日常蔬菜、水果类食物3～10倍,具有保肝护肝、抗癌、改善免疫力、治疗高血压和改善妇女更年期生活质量作用,适合城市近郊露天栽培和保护地周年栽培.     

菜薹叶片衰老相关转录因子BrWRKY75的特性分析

以菜薹[Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis（L.）Mokino var. utilis Tsen et Lee]为材料,克隆得到1个WRKY转录因子,命名为BrWRKY75。氨基酸序列比对及进化树分析发现BrWRKY75与拟南芥的WRKY75同源性较高,且同属于第Ⅱ类c亚族。实时荧光定量PCR表明BrWRKY75在菜薹叶片衰老过程中表达明显增强。亚细胞定位和转录活性分析显示BrWRKY75定位于细胞核,是一种核蛋白,并且具有转录抑制活性。体外凝胶阻滞试验（EMSA）证实BrWRKY75能与W-box（TTGAC）元件特异结合。上述结果为进一步研究菜薹叶片衰老的转录调控机制奠定了基础。     

猕猴桃AdCCS1基因的克隆及其表达调控

采用RT-PCR法从‘米良1号’猕猴桃中分离到1 066 bp的铜锌超氧化物歧化酶分子伴侣蛋白基因AdCCS1,登录号为KY471361。AdCCS1的开放阅读框为984 bp,编码327个氨基酸,包含3个典型结构域（N端结构域、中间结构域和C端结构域）和2个保守的金属结合位点（MXCXXC和CXC）。基因结构分析显示AdCCS1由6个外显子和5个内含子组成。系统进化分析表明AdCCS1聚在双子叶植物分支中,与茶树CsCCS的亲缘关系最近。此外,AdCCS1的5′端调控区存在多种光响应、胁迫响应和激素响应应答元件。定量PCR分析显示,AdCCS1在猕猴桃叶片中的表达量最高,其次是成熟果、花、幼果和茎,在根中的表达量最低。猕猴桃果实中AdCCS1在4 ℃低温贮藏过程中的表达量均比25 ℃贮藏中同期的低,说明低温抑制AdCCS1的表达。脱落酸和赤霉素处理后AdCCS1的表达下调,但二者的应答模式不同。     

设施秋延迟番茄主要农艺性状与产量的相关通径分析

对16个番茄品种的13个农艺性状和产量进行了相关和通径分析.试验结果表明,单株产量和总采果数、株高、叶片数相关性达显著水平,相关系数分别为0.538 6,0.614 4和0.518 2.回归和通径分析结果表明,早期采果数、平均单果质量、果肉厚、株高、总采果数对单株产量直接作用较大,早期采果数通过总采果数、第1稳果数、平均单果质量、株高、茎粗、果肉厚对单株产量间接作用均为负值且较大.     

Mechanism of Chinese processing in patients with Broca aphasia

AIM: To explore the mechanism of Chinese processing in patients with Broca aphasia so as to offering accordance for speech rehabilitation. METHODS: The test of orthographic, semantic information and phonological were conducted. The scores in each group with Chi-square test in patients were compared to those in 10 normal people. RESULTS: No significant difference between two groups in the vocabulary identification and in the vocabulary identification from homophony (P>0.05) was observed (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the identification picture from vocabularies, the identification vocabulary from pictures and the vocabulary identification from sound (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The patient with Broca aphasia is independent in the course of the orthographic input, and the ability to retrieve semantic information from orthographic activation word may not affected by phonological lexicon.     

商陆抗病毒蛋白在植物抗病上的应用

商陆抗病毒蛋白是指商陆属植物中的核糖体失活蛋白.阐述了商陆抗病毒蛋白的研究历史、意义、种类和理化性质,对病原菌的抗性、抗病机理及其在植物抗病上的应用情况等,并对它的应用前景作了展望.     

Hemin induces and sustains the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between hemin and Erk1/2 activation in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS: Cultured HUVECs were separately incubated with hemin or H₂O₂ for different times. Subsequently Erk1/2 phosphorylation and total Erk1/2 were determined by Western blotting assay. Flow cytometry was employed to determine the cell cycle distribution. RESULTS: Hemin at the concentration of 1-10 μmol/L induced the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in HUVECs, and sustained the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 for three hours. The duration of phospho-Erk1/2 induced by hemin was much longer than that in H₂O₂ control (3 h vs 30 min). CONCLUSION: Hemin induces and sustains the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 in HUVECs, which indicates that the effect of hemin on the Erk1/2 activation may be one of pharmacological target of hemin.     

Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽研究进展

解淀粉芽孢杆菌作为益生菌已被广泛应用于生物防治领域,其产生的抗菌脂肽在植物病害防控上发挥重要作用,具有绿色、安全、高效等优势。该研究从抗菌脂肽类型、抗菌脂肽合成酶相关基因、抗菌脂肽生防作用及抑菌机理、通过突变菌株的选育和发酵工艺提高抗菌脂肽产量等方面对解淀粉芽孢杆菌抗菌脂肽进行了综述,同时对其发展前景进行了展望,以期为植物病害的生物防控提供参考依据。