Incidence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp. in ground turkey meat

1.?The objectives of this study were to isolate Salmonella spp. by conventional culture technique from ground turkey samples, to determine the seasonal distribution of Salmonella spp., to verify the isolates by PCR using primers based on oriC gene sequence, and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolates. A total of 240 packaged fresh ground turkey samples marketed in Ankara were analysed between July 2004 and June 2005.

2.?One hundred and ten out of 240 (45?8%) samples were positive for Salmonella spp. and confirmed by PCR. The distribution of Salmonella spp. was determined as 48?3, 55?0, 63?3 and 16?6%, during spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference for the prevalence of Salmonella spp. between winter and the other seasons.

3.?Of the isolates, 54 out of 110 (49?0%) were resistant to one or more antibiotics tested. The highest resistance was observed to nalidixic acid (25?4%), followed by streptomycin (17?2%) and tetracycline (15?4%).

4.?In conclusion, this is a disturbing finding, both for the high prevalence of Salmonella and the extent of antibiotic resistance. Ground turkey should be produced under suitable hygienic and technological conditions and the use of antimicrobials must be controlled by governmental agencies to protect public health from salmonellosis and from the consequences of increased resistance to the antibiotics.     

Uni- und multivoltine Populationen von Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in Europa (Coleoptera,Bruchidae)

Zusammenfassung Nach einem Referat über die Entdeckung uni- und multivoltiner Populationen vonAcanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in Mexiko und Kolumbien und über das Freilandvorkommen multivoltiner Populationen dieses Käfers in Südwest-Frankreich und Ungarn wird vermutet, daß das vonZachariae beschriebene Freilandvorkommen vonA. obtectus in Nordwestdeutschland von einer aus Amerika eingeschleppten univoltinen Population verursacht wurde. Auf die mutmaßliche Bedeutung des genetischen Polymorphismus für die Entstehung von Hausinsekten, besonders derSitophilus-Arten, wird hingewiesen.

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Uni- und multivoltine populations of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say in Europe (Coleoptera, Bruchidae)

Based on a review of papers on discovery of uni- and multivoltine populations ofAcanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in Mexico and Colombia and on field damages by imported multivoltine populations in southwestern France and Hungaria the occurrence of this beetle in fields of northwestern Germany reported byZachariae is suggested done by a univoltine population. The probable role of this genetic polymorphism in origin of stored products insects especiallySitophilus spp. is mentioned also.

     

Über landwirtschaftliche und soziologische Einflüsse auf das Auftreten und die Bekämpfung von Schädlingen in Saudi-Arabien

In former times there were only small cultivation areas in Saudi Arabia consisting of native crop varieties which were large resistant to pests and diseases. They showed an ecologic equilibrium. Since then modern technics and irrigation resulted in a considerable enlargement of these areas which are now attacked by many pests. The most important of the mite and insect pests are reviewed. In Agric. and Water Res. Center of Riyadh scientists are building up an extensive collection of all arthropods living in Saudi Arabia. For the purposes of pest control efforts are made to reach an integrated pest management. Studies are going to reduce the damages by help of cultivation measures.