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41.
Munir Ahmad Adel Ghoneim Saud S. Al-Oud Khaled D. Alotaibi Mahmoud Nadeem 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2019,65(2):183-195
Phosphate rock (PR) was activated via acidulation with HCl, EDTA, and oxalic acid to enhance its reactivity. The release, lateral transport, and uptake of phosphorus (P) along with trace metals from pristine and activated PRs were investigated in a soil micro-block system over a period of 27 days, using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher amounts of available soil P, Fe, Mn, and Zn were released from all the PRs after application to soil within first 9 days of seedling transplantation, while the release of other trace metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) was minimal (<1.2 mg kg?1). On cumulative basis, APR-O (oxalic acid activated PR) was the most efficient amendment releasing 164% more available P, followed by APR-E (EDTA activated PR) releasing 130% more available P, compared to the pristine PR. Similar results were also observed in the release of available Fe, Mn, Zn, and other trace metals. The highest diffusive mass fluxes for available P, Mn, Fe, and Zn in soil were observed after 3 days of seedling transplantation, which reduced subsequently. The uptake of P, Fe, Mn, and Zn by wheat plants was increased by 394%, 715%, 92%, and 91%, respectively, in APR-O application compared to the pristine PR, while it was increased by 280%, 188%, 16%, and 27%, respectively, in APR-E application compared to the pristine PR. Subsequently, APR-O and APR-E amendments resulted in enhanced shoot lengths, root lengths, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter contents of wheat plants. Hence, it was concluded that activation of PR with oxalic acid and EDTA prior to direct soil application may enhance the reactivity of PR and could serve as a cost-effect fertilization strategy for higher wheat crop production. 相似文献
42.
Shankar Reddy Kolle T. H. Shankarappa Basir Ahmad Rahimi M. V. Satish 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2019,20(1):25-38
A review of publications on “Strawberry” was done by using the Scopus database for the period 1960–2016. A total of 10,400 articles were found in the database and analyzed using a variety of measures. Results show that publication increased exponentially from 1960 to 2016. Multiple authors are collaborating in strawberry research. Acta Horticulturae was the most productive journal. The United States of America was the most productive country. The greatest portion of the research was concerned with medicinal benefits of strawberries to humans. This work will be useful to researchers in identifying trends in strawberry research. 相似文献
43.
Irrigation and Zn fertilizer management improves Zn phyto‐availability in various rice production systems
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Hafeez ur Rehman Faiz Rasool Masood Iqbal Awan Athar Mahmood Abdul Wakeel Roghieh Hajiboland 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2018,181(3):374-381
Zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production and its deficiency has been observed in various production systems. High grain Zn concentration is equally important for high rice yield and human health. In this work, the effects of Zn fertilization on seedling growth, grain yield, grain Zn concentration, and their association with root traits were studied under alternate wetting and drying (AWD), aerobic rice (AR), system of rice intensification (SRI), and continuous flooding (CF). Zinc fertilization (15 kg ha?1) improved nursery seedlings chlorophyll and Zn concentrations, root length, and number of roots with highest values observed in CF. At harvesting, maximum plant height, panicle length, total and panicle bearing tillers, and kernel yield were found with Zn addition in AWD and CF rice systems. Mid season drainage provided at maximum tillering and Zn fertilization increased its concentration in leaves, culms, panicles, and grains under CF and AR at physiological maturity. Most of Zn applied was allocated into culms and panicles, nevertheless, a significant increase in grain Zn concentration was also observed in all production systems. Association of leaf Zn with grain Zn concentration was stronger than with culm and panicle Zn. The results indicate that Zn application after rice nursery transplanting is more important for grain Zn enrichment in all rice systems than for increase in grain yield in all systems except AWD where grain yield was also increased. More grain yield in CF and AWD as compared to SRI and AR can also be attributed to decreased spikelet sterility and to better Zn phyto‐availability in these rice systems at physiological maturity. 相似文献
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45.
甜菜素是一种重要的天然色素,具有广阔的应用前景。为探究调控甜菜素合成关键基因BvDDC1功能,本研究测定了不同生长阶段甜菜‘Yellow chard’的甜菜素含量和BvDDC1的相对表达量,同时采用同源克隆技术获得BvDDC1基因序列,并对其进行生物信息学分析及功能预测。结果表明:甜菜叶片中甜菜素含量随甜菜生长时间的延长呈现上升趋势,且BvDDC1在不同时期甜菜叶片中均有表达,呈现先上升后下降的趋势。甜菜素含量越高,BvDDC1表达量越高。BvDDC1序列全长为1509 bp,编码502个氨基酸,编码蛋白不具有跨膜结构,预测其在膜外发挥作用。系统进化树显示与菠菜亲缘关系较近,同源性最高。本研究结果可为解析甜菜素生物合成提供科学依据。 相似文献
46.
In cereals, chromosome doubling of microspore-derived haploid plants is a critical step in producing doubled haploid plants.
This investigation was undertaken to study the effect of incorporation of colchicine in the induction medium for anther culture,
and the effect of colchicine on anther culture-derived plants of triticale grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. In
the latter case, chromosome doubling of adult sterile plants derived from anther culture of fourteen triticale populations
was attempted, where androgenetic plants with non-dehiscent anthers were cloned and subjected to the colchicine treatment,
and then grown with the aid of hydroponics. The hydroponic system provided optimal conditions for recovery of the affected
haploids from the toxic effects of colchicine treatment and all colchicine-treated plants survived. A topcross-F1 (TC1F1) population with timopheevii cytoplasm produced the highest percentage of plants with seed-set either due to chromosome doubling
by colchicine (98%) or spontaneous doubling of chromosome number (15%). Colchicine-treated anthers performed inferior than
control in both induction and regeneration phases. One of the key observation of this study was the reversal from reproductive
stage back to the vegetative stage which in turn enabled further cloning of haploid plants under hydroponic conditions once
they were identified as sterile. The one hundred percent survival rate of in vitro-derived plants, 100% survival rate of colchicine treated haploid plants and the high chromosome doubling success rate (X
= 82.3) observed in this study imply that a temperature-controlled greenhouse with an hydroponic system provides an efficient
environment for inducing chromosome doubling of haploid plants in cereals.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
47.
为解决目前北方寒地玉米干燥加工中存在的干燥效率低、设备能耗大和干制品品质差等问题,利用自行设计的多级顺流式谷物干燥试验台,对北方寒地玉米多级顺流干燥特性和干燥加工工艺参数进行了研究。通过二次通用旋转组合试验设计方法,探讨热风温度、热风风速、干燥时间对设备单位能耗和干后玉米品质的影响,建立了相应的数学模型。将多目标综合优化,确定了干燥工艺的最优参数:热风温度103℃、热风风速1.5m/s、干燥时间100min。在此工艺参数条件下,有效地提高了干燥效率,降低了设备单位能耗及玉米干燥过程中营养成分的损失,达到了玉米保质干燥的目的。该研究旨在为北方寒地玉米干燥工业提供了理论基础。 相似文献
48.
为研究陈年普洱茶的特征风味成分及生物活性,采用顶空-固相微萃取-气质联用法测定了3种陈年普洱茶中挥发性物质,结合质谱和保留指数共鉴定出57种化合物,其中甲氧基酚类、醇类及酮类化合物为主要香气成分。同时采用比色法测得3种普洱茶的沸水提取物的茶多酚含量分别为(41.91±1.98)、(43.84±2.56)及(41.28±2.57) mg GAE/(g·DW),并对3种普洱茶的1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH·)自由基清除效果进行研究。结果表明3种普洱茶均具有较好的清除DPPH自由基能力,且呈剂量依赖性,测得3种普洱茶提取物清除DPPH·自由基的IC 50分别为(129.03±0.25)、(139.47±1.58)及 (152.57±3.34) mg GAE/L。 相似文献
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