Removal of flowers or inflorescences affects ‘Barnea’ olive fruitlet post-anthesis abscission

A typical olive (Olea europaea L.) inflorescence consists of about 20 flowers. However, in many cultivars, only one fruit develops. This is due to massive abscission of flowers and fruitlets, which occurs during the first month after anthesis. In this study, we used the olive cultivar 'Barnea' to characterize the abscission mechanism and to try to increase fruit set by increasing the number of developed fruit per inflorescence. Removing the lateral flowers 3 weeks before anthesis increased fruit set by more than 50%. Removing all inflorescences but one from a branch increased the number of developed fruits from 0.93 to 2.8 during 2017 and from 0.91 to 3.34 fruits per inflorescence in 2018. Sugar quantification in the pistil revealed that starch level is high on the day of anthesis and low 25 days later in abscised as well as in developed fruit. Soluble carbohydrates are low on the day of anthesis, low in abscised flowers/fruitlets 25 days after anthesis and high in developed fruit. Screening the natural variation found in the Israeli germplasm collection revealed that in most cultivars less than one fruit per inflorescence has developed. However, there are unique cultivars with a higher fruit set.     

The cell and molecular basis of mechanical, cold, and inflammatory pain

Peripheral pain pathways are activated by a range of stimuli. We used diphtheria toxin to kill all mouse postmitotic sensory neurons expressing the sodium channel Nav1.8. Mice showed normal motor activity and low-threshold mechanical and acute noxious heat responses but did not respond to noxious mechanical pressure or cold. They also showed a loss of enhanced pain responses and spontaneous pain behavior upon treatment with inflammatory insults. In contrast, nerve injury led to heightened pain sensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimuli indistinguishable from that seen with normal littermates. Pain behavior correlates well with central input from sensory neurons measured electrophysiologically in vivo. These data demonstrate that Na(v)1.8-expressing neurons are essential for mechanical, cold, and inflammatory pain but not for neuropathic pain or heat sensing.     

大花君子兰ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

以大花君子兰为材料研究了PCR反应体系的主要成分及退火温度对君子兰ISSR扩增结果的影响,并对影响PCR反应体系的主要成分及退火温度进行筛选和优化,确立了适合君子兰ISSR-PCR分析的最佳反应体系:在20μL的反应体系中,Mg2+为2.0 mmol/L,模板DNA用量为50 ng/μL,Taq酶0.4 U,dNTPs浓度为0.15 mmol/L,引物浓度为0.4 mmol/L。筛选出了13个适宜君子兰遗传分析的ISSR引物,确定最适宜退火温度为52~56℃。     

冷却猪肉中假单胞菌生长预测模型的建立与验证

以从腐败猪肉中分离得到的假单胞菌P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,P6的混合培养物为受试菌液,应用Origin7．5软件拟合假单胞菌0-10℃下的生长情况。经比较发现,修正的Gompertz模型对假单胞菌生长曲线的拟合效果优于线性模型,R2均在0．96以上。应用平方根模型和Arrhenius模型对由修正的Gompertz模型得出的最大比生长速率进行拟合,所得Arrhenius模型的R2为0．9716,拟合效果优于平方根模型（R2为0．9326）。结果表明,所建二级模型,能真实快速有效地预测0-10℃冷藏条件下假单胞菌的生长。     

Art, Anteil und Verteilung niedrig molekularer Kohlenhydrate in der Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica Linn)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

A test method for resistance to stem mottle in potatoes

In breeding for resistance to stem mottle in potatoes there is a need for a rapid testing and selection method. Following the method normally used with X- and Y-virus, seedlings in the cotyledon stage and young plants of potatoes were inoculated with the stem mottle virus (= rattle virus). In this way it seems possible to test and to select young seedlings for resistance. In addition it is possible to establish rapidly the resistance of known potato varieties and progenitors with the air of young plants.