pGRF基因质粒对猪生长性能及血液指标的影响

研究猪生长激素释放因子(pGRF)基因质粒对猪生长性能和血液指标的影响,选用24头大白×长白二元杂交去势公猪(平均体质量17.25±0.62 kg),随机分为4个处理,每处理6个重复,分别经臀部注射0、4、6和8 mg的pGRF基因质粒.结果表明:pGRF基因质粒对猪不同生长阶段的影响不同,注射pGRF基因质粒后1～8周效果好于9～15周且促生长效果与剂量有关.整个试验期以6 mg效果最佳,日增体质量(ADG)和耗料增重比(F/G)较对照组分别提高8.02%(P<0.05)和降低7.64%(P<0.05).注射4和6 mg pGRF基因质粒能显著提高猪血液中生长激素的浓度(P<0.05).在注射pGRF基因质粒105 d后,血液中血糖、血清尿素氮和甘油三酯与对照组无显著差异.     

Hydrogen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and the production of O3 in the upper troposphere

The concentrations of the hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 in the middle and upper troposphere were measured simultaneously with those of NO, O3, CO, H2O, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and with the ultraviolet and visible radiation field. The data allow a direct examination of the processes that produce O3 in this region of the atmosphere. Comparison of the measured concentrations of OH and HO2 with calculations based on their production from water vapor, ozone, and methane demonstrate that these sources are insufficient to explain the observed radical concentrations in the upper troposphere. The photolysis of carbonyl and peroxide compounds transported to this region from the lower troposphere may provide the source of HOx required to sustain the measured abundances of these radical species. The mechanism by which NO affects the production of O3 is also illustrated by the measurements. In the upper tropospheric air masses sampled, the production rate for ozone (determined from the measured concentrations of HO2 and NO) is calculated to be about 1 part per billion by volume each day. This production rate is faster than previously thought and implies that anthropogenic activities that add NO to the upper troposphere, such as biomass burning and aviation, will lead to production of more O3 than expected.     

海带岩藻聚糖及其级分在氧化应激条件下对肉鸡巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响

【目的】在氧化应激条件下,研究海带岩藻聚糖及其级分对肉鸡巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响,初步探讨海带岩藻聚糖及其级分的免疫调节功能与抗氧化作用的关系。【方法】以叔丁基过氧化氢（tBOOH）为活性氧诱导剂,加入肉鸡腹腔巨噬细胞培养液中,测定细胞培养液中抗氧化酶的变化,巨噬细胞分泌一氧化氮（NO）、诱导型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS）、以及细胞因子IL-1和TFN-α等免疫指标的变化。【结果】用tBOOH处理后的巨噬细胞,细胞存活率显著下降（P＜0.05）,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和丙二醛（MDA）显著升高（P＜0.05）,SOD和GSH-Px酶活性显著降低（P＜0.05）。巨噬细胞的吞噬活性显著降低（P＜0.05）,NO、iNOS和呼吸爆发显著降低（P＜0.05）,细胞因子IL-1分泌量显著下降（P＜0.05）,表明细胞出现明显的氧化损伤。在培养液中加入海带岩藻聚糖及其级分,能够缓解细胞的氧化应激,使得细胞存活率上升,LDH和MDA降低,SOD和GSH-Px升高,免疫指标均有不同程度的恢复。【结论】海带岩藻聚糖及其级分具有抗氧化活性,不同级分的抗氧化活性存在差异,其中级分Ⅲ、级分Ⅳ的作用较强。海带岩藻聚糖对巨噬细胞的免疫促进作用与其抗氧化活性有关。     

浅谈北京秋季节日花卉应用

总结节日花卉应用背景和主要形式,并通过对2007年国庆期间北京模纹花坛、盛花花坛、花境的调查分析,归纳出北京秋季节日常用花卉名录,并从植物材料和创作手法方面总结节日花卉应用的特点。＂迎奥运花展＂为秋季节日花卉的应用提供了新的机遇,新奇植物品种和农作物的改良品种增加了植物材料的丰富性,也为日后秋季节日花卉的应用开辟新途径...     

The evolution of agriculture in ants

Cultivation of fungi for food by fungus-growing ants (Attini: Formicidae) originated about 50 million years ago. The subsequent evolutionary history of this agricultural symbiosis was inferred from phylogenetic and population-genetic patterns of 553 cultivars isolated from gardens of "primitive" fungus-growing ants. These patterns indicate that fungus-growing ants succeeded at domesticating multiple cultivars, that the ants are capable of switching to novel cultivars, that single ant species farm a diversity of cultivars, and that cultivars are shared occasionally between distantly related ant species, probably by lateral transfer between ant colonies.     

Pharmacokinetics of carprofen and firocoxib for medication control in racing greyhounds

Animals used in sport should be treated as required to ensure animal welfare but any such use of medication should also be controlled to ensure integrity. Pharmacokinetic studies on groups of six greyhounds were performed to measure plasma and urine levels of carprofen and firocoxib to inform medication control advice. Using the standard methodology for medication control the Irrelevant Plasma Concentration was determined as 20 and 2 ng/mL for carprofen and firocoxib, respectively. The Irrelevant Urine Concentration was also determined as 0.3 and 2 ng/mL for carprofen and firocoxib, respectively. These Irrelevant Plasma and Urine Concentrations will allow laboratory Screening Limits, Detection Times and Withdrawal Time advice to be determined and publicised by regulators of greyhound racing. The Screening Limits will also inform Recommended Limits of Detection if meat-containing residues of these medications are fed to greyhounds.     

大果沙棘全光照喷雾嫩枝扦插育苗试验

在全光照自动喷雾条件下,对大果沙棘嫩枝插条采用IBA、NAA、ABT-l号、ABT-2号4种植物生长调节剂,各3种浓度梯度的浸泡处理2 h,可明显促进插条生根。在供试的13种处理中,IBA 100 m g.L-1处理效果最好,生根率可达到98.8%。     

蓝刺头花絮水提物的降血糖作用研究

【目的】研究蓝刺头花絮水提物的降血糖作用。【方法】采用煎煮法制备蓝刺头花絮水提物。使用四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病小鼠模型,并随机分为4组,每组10只,蓝刺头高、中、低剂量组小鼠每天分别灌胃1.00,0.50和0.25g/mL的蓝刺头花絮水提物,对照组灌等量蒸馏水,于试验0,7,14和21d测定糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖、体质量;21d测定小鼠口服糖耐量、肝糖原、血清胰岛素、胰高血糖素及肾上腺素的含量。【结果】蓝刺头花絮水提物能够显著降低糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖,改善糖尿病小鼠的口服糖耐量,升高肝糖原及血清胰岛素水平,极显著降低血清肾上腺素含量,对体质量和血清胰高血糖素含量无显著影响。【结论】蓝刺头花絮水提物能够降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平,且呈剂量依赖关系。     

成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）研究进展

介绍了成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）的种类和作用机理。同时,对国内外对FGF在胚胎发育、器官形成及毛囊发育过程中的作用等方面的研究进展进行了综述。