Mechanism of Fuzilizhong decoction alleviating inflammatory damage of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM To observe the effect of Fuzilizhong decoction on the inflammatory damage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） rats and to explore its mechanism. METHODS SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： control group, model group, high dose （20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, middle dose （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, low dose （5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） Fuzilizhong decoction group and Yishanfu （30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）group, 8 rats in each group. A NAFLD rat modelwas established by intragastric administration of fat emulsion for 4 weeks. Then the drug was given for 4 weeks in each treatment group. HE staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes of the rat liver.The serum levels of interleukin-2（IL-2）, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured by ELISA. The expression of toll like receptor 4（TLR4） and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western bolt,respectively. RESULTS Compared with control group, the inflammatory damage of liver tissue was more serious, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly increased in model group（P<0.05）. However, compared with model group, the liver pathological changes in each treatment group were significantly relieved, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly reduced（P<0.05）.In addition, the changes of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels in liver tissue were consistent with the changes of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA. CONCLUSION Fuzilizhong decoction attenuates the inflammatory damages of NAFLD in rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.     

MicroRNA-9-5p mediates sympathetic overactivity by targeting KCNN3 in paraventricular nucleus of rats with T2D

AIM To investigate whether microRNA-9-5p （miR-9-5p） mediates sympathetic overactivity by targeting KCNN3 （potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 3） gene,which encoded small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 3 （SK3） protein, in paraventricular nucleus （PVN） of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2D）. METHODS A rat model of T2D was established by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin. The levels of miR-9-5p and KCNN3 mRNA in PVN were detected by real-time PCR. The relationship between KCNN3 and miR-9-5p was predicted by TargetScan. Recombinant adeno-associated virus （rAAV）-miR-9-5p or KCNN3 were bilaterally microinjected into the PVN to observe the changes in plasma glucose levels and sympathetic drive indicators. The number of FosB and SK3 positive cells was measured by immunofluorescence staining. The protein expression of SK3 was determined by Western blot. The relationship between KCNN3 and miR-9-5p were confirmed by cell transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Compared with the rats in diabetes control （DC） group, the blood glucose, sympathetic drive indexes and the level of miR-9-5p in PVN were significantly increased, while the SK3 expression in PVN was obviously reduced in the diabetes mellitus （DM） rats. After microinjecion of rAAV-miR-9-5p in PVN, the sympathetic drive indexes, blood glucose, and the number of FosB-positive cells were increased significantly, but the SK3 protein expression was significantly reduced （P<0.05）. However, up-regulation of KCNN3 in PVN had the opposite effect. These responses were obviously enhanced in DM rats compared with DC rats. The results of cell transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-9-5p bound to the 3’-UTR of KCNN3 and inhibit its expression. CONCLUSION miR-9-5p was up-regulated in PVN of the rats with T2D, and it may mediate sympathoexcitation by targeting KCNN3.     

桃新品种‘秋露蜜’的选育

‘秋露蜜’是从‘国庆’桃实生后代中选出的浓甜晚熟桃新品种。平均单果重248.3 g,果面鲜红,果肉乳白色,甘甜,品质上等,平均硬度达15.30kg/cm²,可溶性固形物含量19.08%。在晋南地区,果实9月上中旬成熟,果实发育期162 d左右。离核。     

保安湖乌鳢渔获群体结构及生长特性

依据１９９２年和１９９３年４－５月收集的标本，分析保安湖乌鳢渔获体系结构和生长特征。年龄由Ⅰ－Ⅶ龄构成，Ⅰ－Ⅺ龄分别占渔获总尾数的１２．３７％，２４．７４％、４１．２４％和１７．５３％。Ⅴ－Ⅶ龄极少公占４．１２％。优势体长为３１－４２ｃｍ；优势体重为３５０－９５０ｇ。体长与体重关系为Ｗ＝０．００７９９１Ｌ＾３．１６０２。ＶｏｎＢｅｒｔａｌａｎｆｆｔｙ生长方程为Ｌｔ＝７７．３（１－ｅ＾－０．１９８８     

高浓度细胞分裂素诱导棉花悬浮细胞程序性死亡

棉花悬浮细胞经高浓度细胞分裂素（2mg／L KT或4mg／L KT）处理后第4天大量死亡，培养物呈褐黑色；抽提总DNA，进行琼脂糖胶电泳，结果表明：2mg／L KT和4mg／L KT两处理中有明显的大小为140～180bp及其倍增量片段的DNA“梯”。进行PI和FDA染色显微观察可以看到：2mg／L KT处理中大部分细胞的细胞核较小，核质浓缩，呈棒形或弯月形；胞质浓缩，出现了不对称的质壁分离，且丧失了FDA染色活性。这些结果表明，由高浓度细胞分裂素处理引起的棉花悬浮细胞大规模死亡是一种细胞程序性死亡（PCD）。不同的生理状态（UCSA和BAE）和不同生长时期（指数增长期和静止期）的棉花悬浮细胞对高浓度细胞分裂素的诱导反应存在差异。     

文峪河流域景观格局动态及其驱动力分析

以文峪河流域为研究对象,分析流域2000—2018年景观格局数量动态的面积、转移及速度特征.从斑块类型尺度与景观尺度2个层面选取景观指数分析流域近18年的景观格局动态,并在流域尺度上沿城市—林区梯度线分析沿线景观格局指数的梯度分布,基于数量统计模型对景观格局动态驱动力进行研究.结果表明,流域耕地、林地、草地面积有所减少...     

有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌肥对玉米产量与复垦土壤磷素有效性的影响

复垦土壤贫瘠,磷素含量极低,严重影响作物的生长发育。研究化肥、有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌对玉米产量和复垦土壤磷素形态以及酶活性的影响,为加速培肥矿区复垦土壤提供技术支持和理论依据。该研究在山西省晋中市采煤塌陷区进行了2a的定位培肥试验,共设置7个处理：不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（CF）、化肥配施荧光假单胞菌（CFB）、单施有机肥（M）、有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌（MB）、化肥配施有机肥（MCF）、化肥有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌（MCFB）。采集各处理土壤样品测定相关指标,并通过相关性分析和结构方程模型来探究各形态磷与有效磷以及土壤磷酸酶之间的关系。结果表明：1）在整个试验周期（2021—2022年）,与CK相比,不同施肥处理均能显著提高玉米产量以及各形态磷素。其中,以MB处理下的玉米产量、有效磷、磷活化系数、不稳定态磷以及部分不稳定态磷含量最高,与CK处理相比,玉米产量显著提高2.4倍,有效磷含量、磷活化系数值、不稳定态磷含量、部分不稳定态磷含量分别显著提高4.5倍、4.67倍、0.98倍、1.16倍。2）与CK处理相比,化肥、有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌能够显著提高土壤微生物量磷以及酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性,配施荧光假单胞菌后,微生物量磷水平和碱性磷酸酶活性均以MB较M处理提升效果最佳,分别显著提高27.08%和9.56%。3）结合相关性分析以及结构方程模型,随着荧光假单胞菌和化肥有机肥的施入,在提高不稳定态磷素含量的同时也提高有效磷的供应能力,促进磷素在农田生态系统中的循环转化,产生积极的正向影响。化肥、有机肥配施荧光假单胞菌能够一定程度上影响复垦土壤玉米产量及产量性状、各形态磷素及有效性和微生物活性,对复垦土壤脆弱的农田生态系统产生积极影响。     

基于随机森林特征优选的雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率预测

针对雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率人工判断主观性强、准确度低等不足,以及对影响雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率预测的重要表观特征尚不明确等问题,该研究基于图像特征提取以及机器学习技术实现雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率的预测。试验以雪茄烟品种“云雪2号”为试验材料,获取晾制过程的烟叶图像的颜色、轮廓、纹理以及部位四类特征并筛选出雪茄烟叶含水率预测的优选图像特征子集。在此基础上,构建了随机森林（random forest, RF）、支持向量机（support vector regression, SVR）与反向传播神经网络（back propagation neural network, BPNN）模型,并利用遗传算法（genetic algorithm, GA）对各模型超参数进行优化,将原始图像特征集与优选图像特征集输入3个机器学习模型,构建出6种模型-特征组合方案,依据晾制时期对原始数据集进行划分,并对测试集进行预测。最终结果显示：GA-SVR模型+优选图像特征子集的组合方案在测试集上表现最优,其决定系数（coefficient of determination,r²）与均方误差（mean square error,MSE）分别为0.980和0.001,且运行时间最短（运行时长=0.128 s）。研究结果可为雪茄烟叶晾制过程智能化控制提供理论依据。     

基于地理探测器的重庆坡耕地时空格局演变特征及驱动机制

坡耕地是耕地的重要组成部分,分析坡耕地时空格局演变规律及驱动因素,有益于为合理利用坡耕地资源及生态功能修复与保持提供参考。基于2000—2018年坡耕地空间分布信息,利用土地利用转移矩阵、局部空间自相关(Local Spatial Autocorrelation, LISA)、地理探测器(Geodetector)等方法,从坡耕地时空变化特征、坡耕地冷热点格局和坡耕地变化驱动因子等方面开展,揭示重庆坡耕地时空分布特征及驱动因素。结果表明：1)与2000年相比,2018年重庆坡耕地面积减少2.40%,坡耕地2.23万km²,占耕地59.35%。6个区县(渝中、江北、江津、南岸、大渡口、石柱)年均坡耕地变化动态度大于1%,不同区县坡耕地面积变化趋势差异明显。2)近18年坡耕地与林地、草地、水田、建设用地等地类发生显著转移,转出、转入总体较均衡,其中坡耕地退为林地主要集中位于秦巴和武陵山区的石柱、武隆、丰都、云阳等区县,在土地利用转移过程中坡耕地面积呈小幅度减少趋势。3)坡耕地局部空间自相关异质性较显著,大多数区域坡耕地面积呈高-高和低-低聚集状态,热点区集中在渝东北区,...     

魔芋葡甘聚糖接枝共聚物的合成及其抗菌活性

考察了一种实验室自制的魔芋葡甘聚糖季铵盐衍生物(KGM-g-DMAE-BC)的合成以及抗菌性能。正交试验优选出的最佳合成条件为:反应温度70℃,单体质量比(mKGM∶mDMAE-BC)1∶5,引发剂用量0.7 mmol/L,反应时间3 h。悬菌定量实验结果表明:KGM-g-DMAE-BC(接枝率为38.5%)对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及白色念珠菌有较强的杀菌作用,在振荡作用15 m in后,平均灭杀率分别为99.99%、94.26%和99.99%。