基于地统计学的棉花长势空间变异分析

采用地统计学的变异函数分析方法对我国2006年棉花长势空间变异特性进行了分析,结果表明,基于县域尺度的我国长势指标存在空间异质性.5月真叶数、6月真叶数、7月总果节数、9月成铃数的半方差值随间隔的变化很好的符合高斯理论模型的变化趋势,模型拟合的决定系数变化在0.472～0.856之间,8月成铃数则较好地符合球状理论模型,模型拟合的决定系数为0.879.空间自相关范围分别是 1644.25、1822.61、2293.59、2777.63、1195.56 km.5月份单株真叶数99.9%的空间变异是由于结构性因素的原因造成的,7月份的单株总果节数的96.7%的空间变异是由于结构性因素的原因造成的,6月单株真叶数、8月单株成铃数、9月单株成铃数的空间分布的结构比分别为0.61、0.929、0.869.     

来源于新疆的3 个苹果褪绿叶斑病毒分离物的分子变异研究

Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) isolates from Korla pear (KI-2), New pear no. 7 (XI-1) and Red Fuji apple (API-4) were collected from XinJiang and characterized by analyzing sequences of their near genomic 3忆-terminal. The RT-PCR products were cloned, and analyzed by single-strand conforma-tion polymorphism (SSCP). Eight out of 39 collected positive clones showing different SSCP patterns were sequenced. The results showed that the amplified products had sizes ranging 676 - 703 bp, including partial coat protein (CP) gene (506 bp, accounts for 87% of the complete cp gene) and 3忆-terminal non-coding re-gion (3忆NCR) sequences. The cp gene sequences from isolate KI-2 showed a high intra-isolate divergence,with 84. 8% - 85. 4% identities at the nucleotide (nt) level, and the intra-isolate identities were 99. 8 % and 92.5% - 99. 8 % for isolate XI-1 and API-4, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis on the nt sequences of cpgene showed that the analyzed ACLSV variants from three isolates fell into two different clusters. A variant KI-2-6 from KI-2 was clustered into a group with an apple isolate aclsv-c from China and a plum isolated from France, and all other variants fell into a large cluster. The 3忆NCR sequences of these variants were identical ranging 80. 6% - 100 % .     

草莓病毒及病毒病害

<正> 栽培草莓多是无性繁殖,病毒的侵染随栽培年限的增加而随之传播扩散。 1922年美国的V.T.Horne首次报道了草莓矮化现象是病毒所致,1926年A.G.Plakides证实了V.T.Horne的报道,并定名为病毒性黄化病(Yellows)。其后R.V.Harris(1932)提出了草莓病毒匍匐茎嫁接鉴定法;但因此法灵敏度较低,操作繁琐,直到1956年R.S.Br-inghust提出小叶嫁接法后,草莓病毒研究才得以迅速开展。1960年以来,草莓栽培比较发达的欧美、澳大利亚、新西兰、印度、日本,南非等国家和地区,相继报道了多种病毒病害,     

中国果树类病毒的发生及其研究进展(英文)

概述了在中国发生且己鉴定明确的5种果树类病毒,即苹果绣果类病毒(Apple scar skin viroid,ASSVd)、梨泡状溃疡类病毒(Pear blister canker viroid,PBCVd)、葡萄黄斑类病毒-1(Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1,GYSVd-1)、柑橘裂皮类病毒(Citrus exocortis viroid,CEVd)和桃潜隐花叶类病毒(Peachlatent mosaic viroid,PLMVd)的研究进展,包括病害的首次发现、症状特征、发病规律、检测方法与防治对策以及这些类病毒的生物学与分子生物学特性。     

芋花叶病毒的RT-PCR检测及外壳蛋白基因序列分析

 采用RT-PCR技术对采自中国湖北、浙江和山东的91份芋[Colocasia esculenta（L.）Schott]样品的芋花叶病毒（Dasheen mosaic virus,DsMV）进行了检测,检出率为26.4%。对其中14个DsMV分离物的317 bp扩增产物（为外壳蛋白基因的一部分）序列分析的结果显示,各分离物内的核苷酸变异相对较低,而分离物间存在较大的分子变异,相似性为68.3% ~ 97.8%。对来自湖北和浙江的2个DsMV分离物DsMV-SCS和DsMV-JH的外壳蛋白基因（coat protein gene,cp）进行了测序,全长分别为951 bp和987 bp,二者cp核苷酸和氨基酸序列相似性分别为79.0%和82.3%,与已报道DsMV的cp核苷酸和氨基酸序列相似性分别为73.0% ~ 92.1%和74.8% ~ 98.2%,在构建的系统发育树上聚在两个不同的簇,各DsMV分离物的系统进化关系与其寄主和地理来源无显著相关性。     

梨和苹果腐烂病菌不同培养表型菌株的致病性分析

The pathogenicity of three strains (F-SD-8, F-BJ-2c-2 and F-HN-2a-1) of Valsa mali var. pyri causing pear canker and one strain (F-SX-A6) of V. mali var. mali causing apple canker in China were comparatively tested by wound inoculation on in vitro twigs of pear, apple and some other woody plants, and in vivo twigs of pear. Significant pathogenicity differentiation was detected in V. mali var. pyri. Generally strains F-SD-8 and F-BJ-2c-2 were highly pathogenic on pear although their culturing characteristics differed greatly. The strain F-SX-A6 was more aggressive on apple than on pear, and the strain F-HN-2a-1 showed significant lower pathogenicity on ten pear cultivars and other seven species of woody plants. Our results confirmed that two variants of V. mali had host preference and were also aggressive to crabapple, apricot, and peach besides apple and pear. Meanwhile, strains F-SD-8 and F-BJ-2c-2 could induce the formation of pycnidia on in vivo twigs of pear, which was not observed on in vivo twigs inoculated with F-HN-2a-1 and F-SX-A6.     

梨离体植株中苹果茎沟病毒的脱除技术

为建立苹果茎沟病毒(ASGV,Apple stem grooving virus)的有效脱除方法,以3个梨品种的离体植株为材料,比较了4种脱毒方法对ASGV的效果.结果 显示,3个梨品种的离体植株在茎尖培养、茎尖病毒醚处理、茎尖变温热处理和茎尖病毒醚加变温热处理后,其平均脱毒率分别为50.0％、70.8％、69.6％和...     

早熟棉新品种新陆早58号

早熟棉新品种新陆早58号具有衣分高、丰产性好、品质优良、高抗枯萎病的特点。介绍了新陆早58号的农艺性状、纤维品质、产量表现,从播种、化控化调、水肥管理、病虫害防治等,总结了该品种的栽培技术要点。     

胡杨河市棉铃虫理化诱控集成技术研究

为践行绿色植保理念,推动胡杨河市农药减量控害,研究棉铃虫在新型种植模式(稀-早-优)下的诱控技术.以性诱、灯诱、食诱为主体,以化学防治技术为辅助,开展棉铃虫的理化诱控集成技术研究.结果显示,理化防控区棉田落卵量较对照区降低,新增蕾铃被害率降低,防治成本较常规化学防治区降低909元/hm2.然而,理化诱控技术单一使用较为容易,如何与化学防治集成需进一步探索.因此,在新型种植模式下,理化诱控集成技术可以更好地防治棉铃虫,保护天敌,调控生态平衡,经济效益及生态效益显著.