小麦籽粒黄色素含量检测方法的改良与应用

[目的]小麦籽粒黄色素含量是影响面制品颜色和营养品质的重要因素,为快速、准确、简便地检测小麦籽粒黄色素含量,对传统小麦籽粒黄色素测定方法AACC 14-50进行改良,为面制品颜色性状和营养品质遗传改良提供技术支撑.[方法]将酶标仪应用于小麦籽粒黄色素含量测定,对传统AACC 14-50法进行改良,分析改良方法的准确性和...     

双氢睾酮通过调控孕酮、雌二醇和细胞凋亡参与绵羊子宫功能

旨在探究双氢睾酮（dihydrotestosterone,DHT）是否通过调节孕酮（progesterone,P₄）、雌二醇（oestrogen,E₂）和细胞凋亡参与影响绵羊子宫功能,以揭示其在绵羊生殖生理中的潜在作用。本试验以1.5岁左右的雌性小尾寒羊为试验动物,检测卵泡期、黄体期和妊娠期子宫中DHT合成酶和雄激素受体（androgen receptor,AR）的表达变化。随后,体外培养绵羊子宫内膜上皮细胞,并用DHT （10^-10~10^-7 mol·L^-1）和AR拮抗剂氟他胺（Flu,10^-8 mol·L^-1）处理（n=3）。通过酶联免疫吸附试验、细胞免疫荧光、蛋白质印迹法和实时荧光定量PCR检测P₄和E₂水平、合成酶和受体表达。此外,还检测经DHT和Flu处理后,绵羊子宫内膜上皮细胞中凋亡因子Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bcl-2-associated X protein,Bax）、B细胞淋巴瘤蛋白2（B cell lymphoma protein 2,Bcl-2）、半胱天冬酶3（caspase 3,CASP3）和活化半胱天冬酶3（active-caspase 3,Act-CASP3）的表达变化。结果表明,绵羊子宫不同时期DHT的合成和AR的表达存在差异,妊娠期子宫DHT合成及AR表达显著低于卵泡期和黄体期（P<0.05）。10^-10~10^-7 mol·L^-1DHT处理后,P₄合成酶表达显著上调（P<0.05）,在10^-8~10^-7 mol·L^-1 DHT时P₄合成显著增加（P<0.05）,在10^-10~10^-8 mol·L^-1 DHT时孕酮受体蛋白表达显著增加（P<0.05）,但10^-7mol·L^-1 DHT时孕酮受体蛋白表达显著下降（P<0.05）;在10^-8~10^-7 mol·L^-1 DHT时E₂相关合成酶显著减少,并且E₂水平显著下降（P<0.05）,在10^-9和10^-7 mol L^-1 DHT时E₂受体ERα蛋白显著下调（P<0.05）,在10^-10~10^-7 mol·L^-1 DHT时ERβ和GPER显著增加（P<0.05）。经Flu处理后部分解除DHT对P₄和E₂的调控。此外,10^-10~10^-7 mol·L^-1 DHT显著促进子宫内膜上皮细胞凋亡（P<0.05）。本研究证实DHT至少部分通过AR调节P₄和E₂合成及受体表达,影响细胞凋亡,参与调节子宫功能,这为进一步阐明雄激素参与调节子宫功能提供了新的基础和相关数据。     

光合细菌菌剂与噻唑膦协同使用对水稻根结线虫病防治研究

水稻根结线虫病近年来对我国的水稻生产造成了严重危害.探索低成本、高效安全的水稻根结线虫病防治方法对减少其危害具有极其重要的意义.本研究通过田间小区试验评价了光合细菌微生物菌剂与噻唑膦协同使用对水稻根结线虫病的防治效果及对水稻生产的影响.结果 显示,利用光合细菌微生物菌剂1 L/667m2与10％噻唑膦GR0.10 kg...     

Nutrient flows and land use change in a rural catchment: a modelling approach

Due largely to unprecedented land-use changes in the Porijõgi River catchment (southern Estonia) losses of nutrients and organic matter have decreased significantly. During the period 1987–1997 abandoned lands increased from 1.7 to 10.5% and arable lands decreased from 41.8 to 23.9%. At the same time, the runoff of total-N, total-P, SO₄ and organic matter (after BOD₅) decreased from 25.9 to 5.1, 0.32 to 0.13, 78 to 48, and 7.4 to 3.5 kg ha^–1 yr^–1, respectively. The most significant decreases occurred in agricultural subcatchments while the changes were insignificant in the forested upper course catchment. A simple empirical model which incorporates land-use pattern, fertilization intensity, soil parameters and water discharge accurately described the variations of total-N and total-P runoff in both the whole catchment and its agricultural subcatchments (R ² varies from 0.95–0.99 for N to 0.49–0.93 for P). In small agricultural subcatchments the rate of fertilization is found the most important factor for nitrogen runoff, whereas in larger mosaic watersheds land use pattern plays the main role. Seven alternative scenarios compiled on the base of the empirical model allow to forecast potential nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the catchment. This information can be used in further landscape and regional planning of the whole region.     

马链球菌马亚种3种抗原蛋白对小鼠免疫的免疫原性分析

旨在对比研究马链球菌马亚种(Streptococcus equisubsp.equi,S.equi)3种不同抗原蛋白——分选酶A(sortase A,SrtA)、M蛋白(SeM)及IgG结合蛋白(EAG)的免疫原性及免疫保护效果,本研究以表达并纯化的Sr-tA、SeM及EAG 3种蛋白单独及联合免疫小鼠,免疫后检测了血...     

Optimizing the size of the area surveyed for monitoring a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in the Swiss Alps by means of photographic capture–recapture

We studied the influence of surveyed area size on density estimates by means of camera‐trapping in a low‐density felid population (1–2 individuals/100 km²). We applied non‐spatial capture–recapture (CR) and spatial CR (SCR) models for Eurasian lynx during winter 2005/2006 in the northwestern Swiss Alps by sampling an area divided into 5 nested plots ranging from 65 to 760 km². CR model density estimates (95% CI) for models M₀ and M_h decreased from 2.61 (1.55–3.68) and 3.6 (1.62–5.57) independent lynx/100 km², respectively, in the smallest to 1.20 (1.04–1.35) and 1.26 (0.89–1.63) independent lynx/100 km², respectively, in the largest area surveyed. SCR model density estimates also decreased with increasing sampling area but not significantly. High individual range overlaps in relatively small areas (the edge effect) is the most plausible reason for this positive bias in the CR models. Our results confirm that SCR models are much more robust to changes in trap array size than CR models, thus avoiding overestimation of density in smaller areas. However, when a study is concerned with monitoring population changes, large spatial efforts (area surveyed ≥760 km²) are required to obtain reliable and precise density estimates with these population densities and recapture rates.