玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤的制备及燃烧性能

为了解决玉米秸秆资源化利用率低和褐煤难于成型、成型后燃烬率不高等问题,以褐煤和玉米秸秆为原料,考察了玉米秸秆添加量、水添加量、成型压力因素对制备玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤抗碎强度的影响,采用热重分析法对制备的玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤的燃烧性能进行了测试.结果表明:当成型压力为1961.330 N/cm2,水添加量为0.2 mL,玉米秸秆添加量为50％时得到的玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤的抗碎性能最佳.热重分析结果表明,添加玉米秸秆后玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤的着火点由433℃降至282℃,燃烬率由94.72％提升至99.88％,单位时间发热量增加.研究结果为玉米秸秆/褐煤型煤的制备提供了试验基础和理论依据,为玉米秸秆和褐煤的高效清洁利用提供了有效途径.     

Laboratory assay of the effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria farinosa (Holmsk.) Fries (Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales) against the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), even under the use of fungicides

The vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is one of the main pests in vineyards. At present biological control of the pest is based on the release of hymenopterous parasitoids and coccinellid predators. The effectiveness of an entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria farinosa, as an alternative biological control agent on vine mealybug P. ficus was investigated by using different inoculum densities and different relative humidity levels. The fungus caused more than 80% mortality at 95% relative humidity and at 1 × 10⁸ conidia ml^?1 inoculum density. The mortality effects of the fungus decreased in lower humidity levels and lower spore densities. The inhibitory effects of common fungicides, used in vineyards, on I. farinosa were also investigated. Sulphur, copper oxychloride, fosetyl-Al and chlorothalonil did not decrease the effectiveness of I. farinosa as a pathogen of vine mealybug. With the application of tebuconazole, penconazole and mancozeb, the most inhibitory fungicides on the entomopathogen, the mortality rates of mealybugs, inoculated with I. farinosa, decreased from 86% to 42%, 34% and 45%, respectively, in the adult females; from 94% to 51%, 45% and 45%, respectively, in the first nymphal stages; and from 86% to 56%, 49% and 63%, respectively, in ovisacs.     

不同类型甜瓜高效再生体系的建立

以厚皮甜瓜(Cucumis melo ssp.melo var.cantalupensis,C.melo ssp.melo var.ameri)、厚薄皮甜瓜(C.melo ssp.melo var.inodorus)和薄皮甜瓜(C.melo ssp.agrestis var.chinensis,C.melo ssp.a...