FZD-9010B制动试验台信号调理与采集系统

根据FZD-9010B制动试验台检测的特点,设计开发了一种速度、制动力信号的实时采集系统,它主要以LabVIEW应用程序开发平台的采集程序和信号调理电路组成。该系统可以实时、动态采集数据并与计算机兼容实现存储显示。试验表明,其具有测试方便快捷、灵敏度和精度高、能够实时准确地分析数据相关特性的特点。     

林木和花卉种质资源信息共享平台的设计与开发

种质资源是改良物种的重要基因来源,高校和科研院所积累了大量林木和花卉种质资源信息,但这些信息缺乏交流共享渠道,制约了种质资源信息的有效保护和利用．该文重点阐述了基于Internet、应用ASP技术搭建林木和花卉种质资源信息共享平台的设计思想及实现过程,解决了种质资源信息的发布、检索,实现了种质资源信息共享,为林木和花卉种质资源的有效保护、利用和管理奠定了基础．      

利用沙尘暴进行荒漠化草原表土再造技术原理及实践

依据风沙学原理,利用沙尘暴现象对内蒙古荒漠草原进行了表层土壤再造试验。采用地表撒松散杂草(秸秆)后用尼龙网罩固定的方法,拦截沙尘暴所携带的尘土。再造后的土壤掩埋了裸露的植物根系和地表面的砾石,比对照土壤有效锌增加114.8%、有机质增加33.3%、全氮增加77.1%、有效磷增加150.0%、速效钾增加7.8%、pH值降低了1.3%。此方法为如何利用沙尘暴这一自然现象开辟了新的思路。     

“三农”问题与农业现代化

现代化具有整体性和关联性。农业、农民、农村(“三农”)问题的解决是实现农业现代化的关键。解决“三农”问题,必须创新体制,以解决农民问题为突破口,提高农民的整体素质,调整农业产业结构,促进农业可持续发展。     

Assessment of Rhizospheric Microorganisms of Transgenic Populus tomentosa with Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor (CpTI) Gene

To have a preliminary insight into biosafety of genetically transformed hybrid triploid poplars (Populus tomentosa × P. bolleana) × P. tomentosa with the cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) gene, two layers of rhizospheric soil (from 0 to 20 cm deep and from 20 to 40 cm deep, respectively) were collected for microorganism culture, counting assay and PCR analysis to assess the poten-tial impact of transgenic poplars on non-target microorganism population and transgene dispersal. When the same soil layer of suspension stock solution was diluted at both 1:1 000 and 1:10 000 rates, there were no significant differences in bacterium colony numbers between the inoculation plates of both transgenic and non-transgenic poplars. The uniform results were revealed for both soil layer suspension solutions of identical poplars at both dilution rates except for non-transgenic poplars at 1:10 000 dilution rates from the same type of soil. No significant variation in morphology of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was observed under the microscope. The potential transgene dispersal from root exudates or fallen leaves to non-target microbes was repudiated by PCR analysis, in which no CpTI gene specific DNA band was amplified for 15 sites of transgenic rhizospheric soil samples. It can be concluded that transgenic poplar with the CpTI gene has no severe impact on rhizospheric microorganisms and is tentatively safe to surrounding soil micro-ecosystem.     

Plant antifreeze proteins and their expression regulatory mechanism

Low temperature is one of the major limiting environmental factors which constitutes the growth, development,productivity and distribution of plants. Over the past several years, the proteins and genes associated with freezing resistance of plants have been widely studied. The recent progress of domestic and foreign research on plant antifreeze proteins and the identification and characterization of plant antifreeze protein genes, especially on expression regulatory mechanism of plant antifreeze proteins are reviewed in this paper. Finally, some unsolved problems and the trend of research in physiological functions and gene expression regulatory mechanism of plant antifreeze proteins are discussed.     

Effect of autophagy on necroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in subtotal nephrectomy rats

AIM: To explore whether autophagy is involved in the excessive death of renal tubular epithelial cells in subtotal nephrectomy(SNx) rats and the relationship between autophagy and necroptosis in the kidney of SNx rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control group(n=6) and SNx group(n=42). The rats in SNx group were subjected to SNx. Sham surgery was performed in the rats in control group. The rats in SNx group were divided into subgroups at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks(n=6) and the other rats in SNx group were divided into SNx+vehicle group, SNx+necrostatin-1(Nec-1) group and SNx+3-methyladenine(3-MA) group. The expression of RIP1, RIP3, LC3 and beclin-1 at mRNA and protein levels was measured at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The effects of Nec-1 or 3-MA on the protein expression of LC3-I, LC3-II and beclin-1, and production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the rat kidney were determined by Western blot and DCFH-DA staining. The death of renal tubular epithelial cells in the SNx rats was observed by TUNEL staining and electron microscopy. Finally, the effects of Nec-1 and 3-MA on blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(SCr) and the pathological changes of the renal tissues were analyzed. RESULTS: The highest mRNA and protein levels of RIP1, RIP3, LC3 and beclin-1 appeared at the 8th week after SNx(P<0.01). Compared with the rats in SNx+vehicle group, the protein over-expression of LC3-II/I and beclin-1, renal tubular epithelial cells with typical morphological features of necroptotic cell death and TUNEL-positive renal tubular cells were decreased in the SNx rats treated with Nec-1 and 3-MA(P<0.01), but 3-MA did not reduce the increased concentration of ROS. In addition, treatment with Nec-1 and 3-MA obviously reduced BUN, SCr(P<0.05), glomerulosclerosis index and tubulointerstitial injury score(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Autophagy participates in the excessive death of renal tubular epithelial cells in SNx rats. Inhibition of autograph prevents necroptotic cell death of renal tubular cells, and alleviates chronic renal injury in SNx rats.     

沙地恢复草场放牧绵羊体增重及瘤胃发酵参数动态变化

本研究选择浑善达克沙地腹地内蒙古自治区正蓝旗正在围封恢复中的沙地草场,进行毛肉兼用细毛羊暖季自由放牧和划区轮牧试验,结合放牧绵羊增重及瘤胃发酵参数动态变化指标评价恢复阶段沙地草场牧养能力。结果表明,暖季(6-10月)放牧绵羊增重明显,3个放牧区绵羊平均月增重分别为2.46,5.08,5.52和2.29kg,而不同放牧方式对绵羊增重效果没有显著影响;在7-8月放牧绵羊瘤胃发酵水平较好,空腹到采食后7h内发酵参数动态变化表现为:瘤胃pH7.01-6.38-6.47-6.77、NH₃-N浓度6.02-9.26-10.75-10.82mg/100mL、总VFA浓度31.37-42.99-58.55-65.28mmol/L。因此在围封恢复5~6年的沙地退化草场上进行绵羊的暖季适度放牧,可以产生较好的增重及瘤胃发酵效果。     

甜杨PsG6PDH基因超表达对提高烟草抗寒冻性的影响

【目的】研究甜杨葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(PsG6PDH)基因超表达对烟草抗寒冻性的影响,为烟草的抗寒冻育种提供理论依据。【方法】构建甜杨PsG6PDH基因的植物表达载体pBGⅠ,采用叶盘转化法转化烟草,对转化烟草植株低温驯化后的形态、生理生化指标进行测定与分析。【结果】PCR检测及Southern杂交结果显示,甜杨PsG6PDH基因已整合到转基因烟草的基因组中。低温试验表明,未经冷驯化的对照烟草较转基因烟草早出现萎蔫,恢复正常生长也较晚;经过冷驯化在接近0℃处理24h的对照烟草叶片基本萎蔫,而转基因烟草仍然正常。在0℃及更低温度胁迫下,转基因烟草的相对电导率一直保持在35%左右,而对照烟草的相对电导率则从35%上升到90%;随着胁迫时间的延长,转基因烟草的SOD、POD活性升高,而MDA含量下降。【结论】甜杨PsG6PDH基因能够提高植物的抗寒冻性,可以作为改良植物抗寒冻性的新的外源基因。