Analysis of the independent-and interactive-photo-thermal effects on soybean flowering

Soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) is a typical short-day and warm season plant, and the interval between emergence and flowering has long been known to be regulated by environmental factors, primarily photoperiod and temperature. While the effects of photoperiod and temperature on soybean flowering have been extensively studied, a dissection of the component photo-thermal effects has not been documented for Chinese germplasm. Our objective of the current study was to evaluate the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal responses of 71 cultivars from 6 ecotypes spanning the soybean production regions in China. These cultivars were subjected in pot experiments to different temperature regimes by planting in spring(low temperature(LT)) and summer(high temperature(HT)), and integrating with short day(SD, 12 h), natural day(ND, variable day-length), and long day(LD, 16 h) treatments over two years. The duration of the vegetative phase from emergence to first bloom(R1) was recorded, and the photo-thermal response was calculated. The outcome of this characterization led to the following conclusions:(1) There were significant differences in photo-thermal response among the different ecotypes. High-latitude ecotypes were less sensitive to the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal effects than low-latitude ecotypes; and(2) there was an interaction between photoperiod and temperature, with the effect of photoperiod on thermal sensitivity being greater under the LD than the SD condition, and with the effect of temperature on photoperiodic sensitivity being greater under the LT than the HT condition. The strengths and limitations of this study are discussed in terms of implications for current knowledge and future research directions. The study provides better understanding of photo-thermal effects on flowering in soybean genotypes from different ecotypes throughout China and of the implications for their adaptation more broadly.     

10种合成番石榴挥发物对橘小实蝇的引诱作用

利用"Y"型嗅觉仪在实验室测试了10种番石榴挥发物对橘小实蝇性成熟和性未成熟的雌、雄成虫的引诱作用,并比较了不同浓度的挥发物混合液在田间对橘小实蝇的引诱效果.结果表明,乙酸乙酯、异戊酸、乙酸异戊酯、丙酸乙酯和β-石竹烯对橘小实蝇性成熟和性未成熟的雌、雄成虫具有引诱作用,且不同剂量挥发物的引诱力存在差异,对橘小实蝇性成熟...     

不同色彩棉花抗旱性鉴定指标及评价

以抗旱性不同的白棉、棕棉和绿棉品种(品系)为试验材料,应用多元统计分析的理论与方法,研究了不同水分亏缺灌溉条件下花铃期棉花生理生化指标与抗旱性的关系.结果表明:棕色棉BC05-07-18-2抗旱性最强,绿色棉G3-6抗旱性最弱,叶片相对含水量和类胡萝卜素含量可作为棉花抗旱鉴定的重要指标,叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量可作为参考指标.棉花品种的抗旱系数与叶片相对含水量和可溶性蛋白含量存在线性回归关系,与细胞膜透性呈显著负相关.     

建鲤遗传特性的研究

采用综合育种技术育成的建鲤，呈长体型，美观适中，青灰色，具有鲜明的品种特征。建鲤生长优势十分显著，其个体增重较荷包红鲤、元江鲤和荷元鲤分别高１４１．５５％ ２５０．８２％、８０．４６％ ９６．７１％和４０．３４％ ４２．５３％；群体增重分别高１５４．４１％ ２５６．７０％ 、９３．３０％ １００．３８％和４２．０８％４４．５７％，并显著高于其它鲤鱼和杂交鲤，普遍能增产３０％以上，当年可养成商品食用     

云南松不同家系种子发芽能力分析

采自楚雄州白马河林场云南松母树林的20株母树,分家系播种,测定了20个家系8个指标的田间发芽能力.结果表明:除发芽势外,其余指标在各家系间的差异达到显著或极显著水平,其中平均发芽时间、平均发芽系数、发芽指数、峰值、发芽值在各家系的差异达到极显著水平;发芽率和日均发芽率的差异达显著水平.依据这些发芽能力指标,对20个家系进行聚类,其中发芽能力较好的一类包括家系1、2、7.通过研究为了解家系间发芽能力的分化提供依据,为云南松的早期选择奠定基础.     

云南东南部天然沙罗竹林分结构规律的研究

沙罗竹为大中型丛生竹类,生长较好的天然竹林主要集中分布在云南河口——屏边大围山海拔500 m地区的沟谷地带,面积约5 000 hm2,具有很高的开发利用价值。该文对其林分的密度、直径、生物量等因子变化规律及其相互关系首次进行了系统研究。     

高赖氨酸玉米主要品质性状的配合力分析

用4个软质胚乳和4个硬质（或半硬质）胚乳的高赖氨酸玉米自交系，进行8×8完全双列杂交试验，分析了后代籽粒品质性状的遗传表现和配合力。软质胚乳亲本和硬质胚乳亲本杂交时，当代F1籽粒的胚乳硬质度表现出显著的正反交差异，以硬质亲本作母本时F1籽粒硬质度较高，但F2籽粒的硬质度无显著的正反交差异。硬×硬类型杂交后代的     

基于LabVIEW的搅拌机控制系统设计

当搅拌机内的物料粘度发生较大变化时,需要对搅拌机的速度进行相应的控制.为了实现控制过程的自动化,设计了一种基于LabVIEW的、直流电机驱动的搅拌机控制系统.通过检测搅拌机主轴的负载转矩,结合相关的硬件,利用LabVIEW完成数据采集、分析和处理,进而完成对搅拌机转速的实时控制.通过建立直流电动机的动态数学模型,对控制过程进行了模拟仿真.     

黄瓜保鲜技术研究进展

对黄瓜保鲜技术的理化、多糖及中草药贮藏方法进行了综述,提出了理化贮藏方法和中草药贮藏方法的不足,阐述了天然多糖在黄瓜保鲜中的应用,讨论了今后的主要研究方向。     

再论超级麦育种

优质、高产、多抗是我国小麦育种的主要目标。为了高效利用资源和保护环境 ,应从提高肥水利用效率入手 ,培育超级麦品种 ,来实现少种多收、提高经济效益的目标。超级麦是肥水利用效率高、品质好、高产、抗逆性好的新一类生产品种的总称。培育超级麦品种需要革新现有育种技术 ,改良品种的代谢特性 ,提高对土壤、氮、磷、水分等资源的使用效率