湖南省休闲农业空间分布特征及影响因素

以湖南省170个五星级休闲农庄作为研究样本,运用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、地理联系率以及核密度分析法,运用Arcgis软件对休闲农业的空间分布及影响特征进行分析,结果表明:全省的休闲农业分为农渔家乐、康体养生、特色农庄、休闲农业园、农业科技五大类,整体趋于集聚状态;康体养生的集中率最高,其次是农渔家乐、农业科技,农业休闲园接近均匀分布状态,特色农庄的分布最为稀疏;影响休闲农业分布的原因主要有经济发展、资源禀赋、交通等因素。     

稻米表观直链淀粉含量近红外光谱测定技术校正设置的优化

以 精米粉为样品,研 究了不同光谱预处 理和回归 统计方法 在用近红 外反射光谱 分析稻米 表观直链淀粉含量（ Ａ Ａ Ｃ）时,对建立回 归方程的影响⒚结果 发现,光谱预处理对 校正结果影响较 小,不同光谱数学处理以一级衍生值较好,但“波段”和“间隙”长短对结果影响不大⒚回归统计方法对建立回归方程的影响最为明显,其中以修正的部 分最小平方法（ Ｍ Ｐ Ｌ Ｓ）建立的回归方 程效果最好⒚因此,在 建立以精米粉为样本进行稻 米 Ａ Ａ Ｃ 近红 外分析时,“光谱散 射校正／数学处理／回归统 计方法”组合以“标准正态变量转 换／１,５,５,１／ Ｍ Ｐ Ｌ Ｓ”最佳⒚用此组合建 立的回归方程测 定稻米 Ａ Ａ Ｃ 时,检验工作标准误 （ Ｓ Ｅ Ｐ）可小至 ０．８４,而决定系数可高达 ９４％ ⒚     

一种优化的适用于双向电泳的水稻纹枯病菌蛋白质提取方法

为开展水稻纹枯病菌蛋白质组学的研究,采用TCA-丙酮法、SDS法和TCA-丙酮-酚/SDS联合抽提法对水稻纹枯病菌蛋白质提取质量进行比较,并建立了双向电泳体系。对电泳后的图谱用Quantity One软件进行分析,结果发现:TCA-丙酮法、SDS法和TCA-丙酮-酚/SDS联合抽提法所获得的蛋白质双向电泳图谱中,分别记录得到557、309和877个蛋白质点。SDS法提取的蛋白质样品杂质较多,存在盐离子和小分子物质干扰,得到的蛋白点较少;TCA-丙酮法提取的蛋白质样品呈黄色,有色素残留;而在TCA-丙酮法的基础上,增加酚/SDS抽提步骤,能够有效地去除样品中的盐离子和色素等杂质,获得背景清晰、分辨率高的蛋白图谱。结果表明,本研究建立了一种优化的TCA-丙酮-酚/SDS联合抽提法,该法适用于水稻纹枯病菌蛋白质双向电泳的提取。     

玉米ZmWRKY53-like与ZmWRKY67-like基因在非生物胁迫下的表达

为探明WRKY家族基因ZmWRKY53-like与ZmWRKY67-like在非生物胁迫下的表达情况,通过生物信息方法从玉米基因组中得到ZmWRKY53-like与ZmWRKY67-like 2个WRKY家族基因,利用荧光定量PCR技术分析其在玉米自交系B73不同组织中及在盐、干旱和低温胁迫下的表达水平。结果表明:2个基因在玉米根、茎、叶、穗、幼果和穗丝中均有表达,具有组织表达特异性,在幼果中表达量显著高于其他组织,在穗丝中表达量最低。在盐胁迫下,ZmWRKY67-like基因呈上调表达;在低温胁迫下,ZmWRKY53-like基因呈上调表达;在干旱胁迫下,2个基因都呈下调表达模式。ZmWRKY67-like基因参与了植物对盐和干旱胁迫的响应,ZmWRKY53-like参与了植物对干旱和低温胁迫的响应。     

香料烟育苗技术

介绍云南保山香料烟区根据试验和生产实践总结出的,包括苗床选地、苗床制作、播种、管理和病虫(?)害防治的一套香料烟育苗技术。     

南岳风景名胜区旅游环境容量浅探

随着旅游业的不断升温,景区资源保护与旅游开发利用之间的矛盾日益加剧,旅游环境容量问题也越来越受到人们的关注.以“五岳独秀”的南岳衡山为个案,通过对南岳风景名胜区旅游环境容量的测算以及现状游客量的调查并进行对比分析,揭示该风景区的旅游潜力;提出景区资源保护和旅游调控对策,在维持风景名胜区生态平衡、保证旅游质量的前提下,有计划地开发旅游资源,实现旅游业的可持续发展.     

Differences in Response of Grain Yield,Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization to Elevated CO2 Concentration in Different Rice Varieties

【Objective】Our aim is to investigate the differences in response of grain yield, nitrogen absorption and utilization to FACE (atmospheric CO2 concentration increase) of different rice varieties. 【Method】Six rice varieties, including conventional japonica rice, hybrid indica rice, and conventional indica rice, were used to study the effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) (atmospheric CO2 concentration increase) on the nitrogen absorption, utilization, and yield of different types of rice.【Result】 1) FACE treatment dramatically increased rice yield by 24.17% on average and the maximum increment was observed in conventional indica rice. Compared with other types of rice varieties, hybrid indica showed the highest grain yield under both FACE and control (CK) treatments. 2) Panicle number was significantly improved in FACE treatment with conventional japonica rice varieties having the maximum increment. Spikelet number per panicle was significantly improved in hybrid and conventional indica rice varieties in FACE treatment. 3) The nitrogen absorption (NA) and nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield (NUEg) were significantly higher in FACE treatment than those in CK treatment. The average increase of NA was 21.23% with the maximum increment in hybrid indica rice varieties. Compared with other rice varieties, conventional indica rice varieties had the highest NA both in FACE and CK treatments. The average increase of NUEg was 7.33% with hybrid indica rice varieties enjoying the maximum increment. The hybrid indica rice varieties had the highest NUEg in FACE treatment and in CK treatment, respectively. 4) Nitrogen content was decreased in FACE treatment with the average decrease of 0.105%, among which the maximum decrease was observed in conventional japonica rice. Dry matter weight was extremely and significantly increased in FACE treatment. The average increase of dry weight was 23.95% with the maximum increment in conventional indica rice varieties. NA of single panicle was significantly improved in FACE treatment with the average increase of 10.79% in conventional indica rice varieties and 13.93% in hybrid indica rice varieties, but NA of single panicle was decrease by 9.60% in conventional japonica rice. FACE treatment significantly increased rice NA intensity with an average increase of 22.29% and the maximum increment was observed in hybrid indica rice varieties. The growth duration was not influenced by FACE treatment in all rice varieties. NAs of stem, leaf and panicle were significantly higher in FACE treatment than in CK treatment with the highest increase of 51.86% in leaf. The largest increase of NA was observed in hybrid indica rice. NA in different rice growth stages was significantly improved with the maximum increment of 108.90% during heading-maturity. The maximum increment of NA from heading to maturity was observed in hybrid indica rice varieties.5) Effects of dry matter weight, NA per panicle, NA intensity, NA of panicle and NA from heading to maturity on NA at maturity were greater than those of nitrogen content, panicle number, growth duration, NAA of leaf, stem and sheath, NAA during transplanting-tillering and tillering-heading. 6) Partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer (PFPN) was significantly improved in FACE treatment with an average increase of 24.16% and the maximum increment in conventional indica rice. NAA per 100 kg grains was significantly reduced in FACE treatment with an average decrease of 4.7%. The maximum decrease of NAA per 100 kg grains was observed in conventional indica rice varieties.【Conclusion】The results indicated that FACE could markedly increased both grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in all rice varieties, but the increases varied with the variety types.     

应用Excel进行畜禽性状相关和回归分析

在科研及教学实践中,成熟的统计分析软件正在被广泛使用.Microsoft Excel是功能强大的专业电子表格系统.本文介绍了如何使用Excel 2000的“数据分析”工具进行相关和回归分析.在教学中利用Excel可以较方便地完成复杂的统计计算.     

茶叶中黄酮类化合物对羟自由基清除实现抗氧化功能研究

茶叶中黄酮类化合物是一种天然抗氧化物质，通过对羟自由基清除作用，实现抗氧化作用。茶叶有较强的的抗氧化作用，是因其黄酮类化合物有清除自由基的功能。     

沙子岭猪回交试验

用沙子岭公猪回交"双×沙"组合二元母猪,F2代中选择8头白毛、8头花毛共16头仔猪,分成F2花、F2白两个试验组,同时选择8头纯种沙子岭仔猪作为对照组,三组猪饲喂相同能量蛋白水平的日粮,进行为期147d的育肥对比试验.结果表明:F2白组日增重、料肉比瘦内率(580.36g,3.96,45.64%)与F2花组(568.79g,3.98,46.12%)基本相同,但二组均高于沙子岭猪纯种组(510.63g,4.20,40.86%).与正交"双沙"组合比较,F2代回交猪日增重与正交"双×沙,'组合基本相同,而料肉比高8.17%,瘦肉率低8.66个百分点,说明养猪生产中,不宜使用地方品种公猪的回交方式.同时用地方品种公猪回交会产生毛色"分离返祖"现象,不利于地方猪种保存.