植物Dof转录因子的结构特点及功能研究进展

Dof(DNA binding with one finger)蛋白是植物中特有的转录因子,其N-末端具含保守锌指结构的Dof结构域,能够识别AAAG序列;Dof转录因子能够发挥多种功能,主要是由于其具有多变的C-末端,它是Dof蛋白的特异转录调控结构域。在植物中,Dof转录因子的功能主要与维管发育、叶片极性、保卫细胞特异基因的调控、碳氮代谢、种子发育和萌发、光响应及光周期调控的开花和花粉发育、次生代谢物合成、防御反应、生长素响应等生理过程有关。将这些进程归纳为组织分化、种子发育和代谢调节三个方面,通过对植物Dof转录因子的结构特点及功能进行分析,为Dof转录因子的深入研究提供参考。     

响应面中心组合设计优化花生壳黄酮微波提取工艺

为了获得花生壳黄酮微波提取最佳工艺条件,为花生壳黄酮的进一步开发利用提供技术支持,本研究以黄酮得率为指标,采用响应面法的中心组合设计（Central Composite Design,CCD）对花生壳黄酮的微波提取工艺进行优化,建立二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。方差分析表明：回归模型较好地反映了黄酮得率与微波时间、微波功率、乙醇体积分数和料液比的关系,微波提取花生壳黄酮的最佳参数为：乙醇体积分数78%,微波时间120 s,微波功率460 w,料液比30,花生壳黄酮得率为2.918 g/100 g。经颜色反应和纸层析鉴定所得产品为黄酮类物质。     

栽培措施对烤烟新品系‘HN2146’农艺性状及产量的影响

为探索郴州烟区栽培措施对烤烟新品系‘HN2146’农艺性状及产量的影响,开展种植密度、施氮量以及留叶数互作的正交试验。结果表明,从农艺性状方面看,株高随种植密度的增加而增高,节距随种植密度的增加先减小后增加,茎围、腰叶长、腰叶宽、叶面积均随种植密度的增加而减小;各项农艺性状均随施氮量的增加先增加后下降;留叶数是影响株高、茎围、节距、腰叶长的关键因子。从产量方面看,产量随着种植密度的增加而减小,随施氮量的增加先增加后下降,随留叶数的增加先减少再增加。综上,推荐的最优栽培措施组合为种植密度55 cm×120 cm、施氮量150 kg/hm²、留叶数18片/株。     

“葱”及其相关植物的原植物研究

“葱”是中国现代餐饮行业常见的调味品与食材,在中华民族传统文化的发展过程中有着悠久的历史。葱是何时开始进入人类社会的？历史上记载的葱共有哪些？这些问题,到目前依然未知。本项研究从2000年前的周朝相关历史文献开始,逐一整理出在不同历史时期典型文献中出现的“葱”,利用植物分类学的方法,结合现代的植物形态学与比较形态学的分析方法,整理了中国传统文化中与“葱”有关的植物名称共24个,并确定了其中21个名称所对应的原植物的科学名称。对葱属植物的研究,首次以案例研究的方式说明,早在1500年前的唐代,中国先民已经明确而清晰地认识到“葱”的“药食同源”现象;同时,该项研究也首次从植物学的角度,探讨了“葱”与“五荤三厌”的关系。     

Affine invariant shape recognition with particle swarmoptimization algorithm

Focusing on the problem that affine transformation will exist among the contour images due to variation of the viewpoints, a new approach to extract affine invariant features and matching strategy is proposed for shape recognition. First, the centroid distance and azimuth angle of each boundary point are computed. Then, with a prior defined angle interval, all the points in the neighbor region of the sample point are considered to calculate the average distance for eliminating noise. After that, the centroid distance ratios(CDRs) of any two contour points with angle difference of 180° are achieved as the representation of the shape, which would be invariant to affine transformation. Since the angles of contour points changed non linearly among affine related images, the CDRs should be resampled to build corresponding relationship. It could be regarded as an optimization problem of path planning. In our method, a PSO based path planning model is presented to address this problem. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method in shape recognition with translation, scaling, rotation, distortion and noise interference.     

甘蓝型油菜热激蛋白HSP70基因家族的鉴定和分析

热休克蛋白也称热激蛋白(heat shock protein,HSP),是植物在受到生长环境中不利的生长因子胁迫时产生的一种用于抗逆的防御蛋白,其中在生物体中分布最普遍的一种热激蛋白是热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,HSP70).为全面、深入地了解芸薹属HSP70基因家族的信息,本研究对芸薹...     

Seasonal response of soil enzyme activity to thinning intensity of aerial seeded Pinus tabulaeformis stands

Aerial seeding is one of the most important vegetation restoration patterns in remote hilly areas, and studies concerning soil quality and its management have practical value. In 2000, a study of the effect of thinning intensities at five different treatments levels, 0 (CK), 30% (slight thinning), 48.75% (medium thinning), 53.75% (intense thinning) and 65.6% (super intense thinning) on soil enzyme activity was carried out on 9-year-old aerial seeded Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) stands with an initial density of 8000 trees/hm², in the Wang-jiapu Aerail Seeding Center, Yanqing County, Beijing. Five years later, the activities of five kinds of soil enzymes, soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, inertase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the first 20 cm of soil layer were compared during four seasons. Relationships among soil enzymes and soil physiochemical properties were also analyzed to examine the possibility of using soil enzymes to evaluate thinning intensities. The results showed that the maximum enzyme activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase occurred in June, those of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase occurred in October, and soil invetase had its maximum in April. In addition, the five soil enzymes were affected differently by thinning intensities. Soil catalase, urease and invertase showed the highest response to a slight thinning, followed by medium thinning, which is the opposite experienced with polyphenol oxidase and alkaline phosphatase. There are statistically significant and positive relationships between soil enzymes and organic matter and available K. It should be noted that soil water was a limiting factor to soil enzyme activity. Compared with soil physicochemical characteristics, soil enzymes were more sensitive to levels of thinning intensities. Among the enzymes, soil alkaline phosphatase and catalase could be regarded as indicators to assess soil quality. It is concluded that a suitable thinning intensity benefits the development of undergrowth and soil enzymes. Generally, when the stand with initial density of 8000 trees/hm² grows up to nine years old, the most suitable thinning intensity should be about 50%. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2008, 30(2): 82–88 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]     

12个脐橙品系高接试验

报道１２个脐橙品系高接树的生长、嫁接亲和力、抗逆性、产量和果实品质，最后讨论了发展脐橙应注意的问题。     

核桃夏季芽接技术要点

核桃是河北省重要的经济林树种之一。实生繁殖的核桃结果晚、产量低 ,且果实大小参差不齐 ,经济效益低。核桃生产只有实现良种化、嫁接化 ,才能提高其品质和商品性能。核桃树液中含有较多的酚类物质[1] ,容易氧化 ,且枝条中空 ,枝接成活率一直较低。为了提高核桃的嫁接成活率 ,     

人工杉木林前期抚育间伐管理的探讨

针对目前人工杉木林前期抚育间伐存在的问题,提出相应的管理对策.