疏穗对‘赤霞珠’葡萄酒类黄酮物质含量的影响

为探讨疏穗对葡萄酒类黄酮物质含量的影响,以‘赤霞珠’为试验材料,在果实豌豆粒大小时期进行疏穗处理,葡萄藤负载量分别为22（CK）、16穗·株^-1（C1）和10穗·株^-1（C2）。采收成熟葡萄果实酿造干红葡萄酒,应用高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS）分析酒样中类黄酮物质的种类及含量。结果表明,疏穗提高了葡萄酒中单体花色苷和黄烷醇的含量,降低了黄酮醇的含量。主成分分析可以看出3种疏穗处理下‘赤霞珠’葡萄酒品质具有差异性。表明在山西乡宁地区,适度疏穗可以提高‘赤霞珠’葡萄酒中类黄酮物质的含量。其中葡萄藤负载量为10穗·株^-1时,葡萄酒中类黄酮含量最高。     

吉林省鲜食葡萄产业分析及发展对策

本文介绍了吉林省近二十年鲜食葡萄产业发展情况,结合地区分布、品种构成和栽培模式,概述了我省鲜食葡萄栽培现状,结合多年实地调研,指出了葡萄生产中存在的主要问题,并依据葡萄产业发展趋势提出了相应的对策和建议.     

水稻卷叶基因研究进展

水稻是禾本科单子叶C3植物,是我国主要的粮食作物之一.叶片是水稻进行光合作用、呼吸、蒸腾等活动的重要场所,是决定稻米产量的重要的工艺性质,而卷叶是水稻的一种特殊性质.研究显示,水稻叶片的适度卷曲对叶片挺直有利,改善了披捶状态,增加了光合作用,提高了水稻的产量.该文综述了水稻叶片卷曲的原因,阐述了水稻叶片卷曲的细胞学形成机制及相关基因的分子机制,以期为水稻叶片性状的研究与应用提供参考.     

湖南杉木林生物量密度的模拟与预测

杉木作为我国南方地区重要用材树种,在森林固碳增汇方面起着重要作用。本研究在利用森林资源连续清查样地数据对湖南省杉木林样地尺度进行碳储量估算的基础上,通过多因子非线性回归方法,量化环境因子和林分因子对生物量密度的影响,以期为提高杉木生产力提供参考。     

阿尔金山北麓野骆驼生境植被调查研究

阿尔金山北麓是野生双峰驼的主要分布地区之一,在该地区野生双峰驼的生境内设立样线样方,对野生双峰驼生境内沙漠植被组成、地理区系和群落多样性等特征进行调查分析。结果表明,该地区的沙漠植物较为稀少,有9科17属17种植物,植物区系倾向于集中在少数大科和单种属内,优势科属的组成较少;该地区植物科的地理分布型有3种,属有5种地理分布型和2个变型,总体植物区系的温带性质较为明显,并呈现了与古地中海成分的相关性;该地区的植物群落物种组成稀少,结构单一,群落多样性指数较低,这与荒漠植物生境的严酷性有密切关系。     

基于LS-SVM的光伏最大功率跟踪控制方法

为解决自然环境剧烈变化条件下,传统光伏最大功率跟踪控制中存在的控制精度低和误跟踪现象,建立了基于最小二乘支持向量机的最大工作点电压预测模型,通过该模型预测光伏发电系统的最大工作点电压,并用预测电压来修正恒电压控制法的参考电压,从而实现光伏发电系统的最大功率跟踪控制。仿真结果表明预测模型具有较高的精度,相对误差在0.04以内,控制方法能够快速、稳定地实现光伏发电系统的最大功率跟踪,有效避免误跟踪现象。     

Effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice

AIM:To study the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) in mice. METHODS:Male C57 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (N group, n=10), CP group (intraperitoneal injection of CP at dose of 20 mg/kg, n=20), GSP group (intragastric administration of GSP at dose of 500 mg/kg, n=15) and CP+GSP group (intragastric administration of GSP 30 min prior to intraperitoneal injection of CP and intragastric administration of the same dose of GSP 72 h later, n=20). On the 5th day after CP treatment, blood and kidney samples were collected. The renal pathological changes were examined by HE staining. The protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) was examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS:Renal index, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were significantly higher in CP group than those in N group. The renal tissues were heavily damaged in CP group. The protein expression of GRP78 and p-ERK increased in CP group compared with N group. GSP treatment alleviated the increase in the renal index, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. The damages of the renal tissues were attenuated. The protein expression of GRP78 and p-ERK was obviously reduced in CP+GSP group compared with CP group. CONCLUSION:GSP prevents kidney from CP-induced damage by suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress.     

樱桃番茄种质资源亲缘关系的InDel和SSR标记分析

选用18对InDel引物和15对SSR引物对30份樱桃番茄高代自交系育种材料进行遗传多样性分析。多态性分析结果表明,InDel标记比SSR标记的多态性低;遗传距离分析结果表明,30份樱桃番茄种质材料两两间的遗传距离(GD)在0.052~0.993之间,平均遗传距离仅为0.391,遗传距离小于0.5的种质材料占到了77.24%。在相似系数为0.65的水平上,可将30份樱桃番茄材料分为3类。     

铁皮石斛枫斗加工前后差异成分比较

铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)的传统功效为益胃生津、滋阴清热,在降血糖方面具有较好的作用。前期研究发现,与铁皮石斛鲜条相比,枫斗的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率更高,且枫斗中化学成分种类丰富。为明确铁皮石斛枫斗与鲜条的差异性成分,阐明铁皮石斛加工成枫斗的科学内涵,本研究利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆串联飞行时间质谱仪(UPLC-QTOF-MS)在正离子模式下采集二者的代谢物信息,通过主成分分析、偏最小二乘判别分析等算法挖掘差异性化合物,并利用质谱碎片、数据库比对等方式鉴定差异性成分,最后采用聚类分析方法研究差异性成分在铁皮石斛枫斗和鲜条中的含量变化规律。经过筛选和鉴定共得到16种差异性化合物,其中柚皮素、4,4'-二羟基-3,5-二甲基联苄、诺比林A、石斛酚等12种黄酮、联苄类化合物在枫斗中含量较高,而α-亚麻酸、L-苯丙氨酸、草质素等4种脂肪酸、氨基酸类化合物在鲜条中含量较高,这些差异性成分可能是潜在的铁皮石斛枫斗降血糖功能成分。本研究结果为阐明铁皮石斛枫斗降血糖物质基础提供了数据支撑,对进一步促进铁皮石斛精深加工具有重要意义。     

Coupled magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation and single-cell image recognition to detect Bacillus' cell size in soil

Microbial morphology fundamentally constrains how species interact with their environment, and hence ultimately affects their niche. However, the methodology of functional microbes in the soil ecosystem is still poorly studied since it is difficult to capture and identify the active monospecific community from the complicated environment and enormous number of microbial species in soils. To comprehensively reveal the morphology of active microbes in soil ecosystem, magnetic nanoparticle-mediated isolation (MMI) and single-cell image recognition (SCIR) were employed to study soil active Bacillus community, which functionally boosted the soil fertility in organic fertilisation compared to mineral fertilisation and unfertilised control treatments in our previous study. The results showed that MMI and SCIR can efficiently isolate active Bacillus from soil particles and other microorganisms. High throughput sequencing showed that the captured Bacillus showed similar community structure in different long-term fertilisation soils, while SCIR revealed that the active Bacillus was greater in number and larger in size in organic fertilisation treatment compared to mineral fertilisation and unfertilised control treatments. Our study demonstrates that the combination of MMI and SCIR is a potentially powerful tool to capture and identify the morphology of active and functional microbes in the soil ecosystem.