波尔山羊胚胎数量、质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系

本文就波尔山羊胚胎数量，质量与受体移植妊娠率的关系进行了探讨。结果表明：胚胎质量优劣是直接影响胚胎移植成功率的关键因素。移植胚胎数量因品种不同有差异。移植双胚，奶山羊受体胚胎成羔率53．4％，明显高于成都麻羊胚胎成羔率36．3％，成都麻羊单胚成羔率为66．7％。     

边缘热带蔓花生草坪杂草种类调查及化学防除

为了解处于边缘热带的湛江市区蔓花生草坪的杂草现状,并提供有效的化学防除方法,首先采用样线法及随机抽样法,对各种杂草所占的比例和生物量进行调查;其次,采用样圈法调查各种杂草的频度;用3种除草剂分别喷洒,7d后观察杂草的变化。市区曼花生草坪杂草共有20科35种,其中,种类较多的是禾本科,菊科,茜草科,蓼科,苋科,酢浆草科等...     

鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的定位研究

为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势.     

鸭传染性浆膜炎的诊断与防治

本文描述一起鸭传染性浆膜炎的临床症状、病理变化。通过病理学观察和病原分析总结该病诊断要点,并提出合理的防治方案。     

Experimental Pathological Study of Acute African Swine Fever

To study the clinicopathology and histopathology of African swine fever (ASF), and to explore the internal relationship between pathological changes and disease occurrence and development and its pathological mechanism, 13 Landrace pigs with bodyweight about 20 kg were intramuscular injected with African swine fever virus (ASFV), strain Pig/HLJ/18 at a dose of 10²HAD₅₀·mL^-1. During the experiment, all the dead pigs were systematically dissected and sampled, paraffin sections were produced, and haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. Clinicopathological evaluation standards for acute ASF were established, then pathological lesions (classification variables) were expressed by counting frequency and percentage, and the lesion degree (continuous variables) was graded and scored according to different pathological changes of various tissues and organs. The results showed that all infected pigs were in line with the clinical characteristics of ASF, including acute, febrile and highly infectious, with a 100% incidence rate and 100% mortality. The dead pigs showed typical characteristics of septicemia, cadavers prone to corruption, blood clotting adverse or hemolysis, rigor mortis incomplete. The main pathological lesions were hemorrhagic necrotizing lymphadenitis, acute inflammatory splenomegaly (septic spleen), cerebral edema, pulmonary edema and lung consolidation et al. The spleen and lymphonodus are the target organs attacked by ASFV, with the most significant lesions, the earliest occurrence time, the longest duration and the highest frequency. The most prominent pathological changes are blood circulation disorders, including multiple pathological manifestations such as edema, hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhage, infarction, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and the most important characteristics are hemorrhagic lesions. The inflammatory reaction of lymphocytic exudation caused by ASFV runs through the whole process, especially in the middle and later stages of the course. The results suggest that the main pathological process of acute African swine fever is a typical immune/inflammatory cascade reaction and severe systemic blood circulation disorder, which resulted in the high incidence rate and high mortality rate of acute ASF.     

牛组织蛋白D基因多态性与肉质、胴体性状的关联分析

以51头西门塔尔和鲁西黄牛的杂交后代作为试验动物,扩增组织蛋白酶D(cathepsin D,CTSD)基因部分外显子,通过DNA测序方法检测到该基因第5、6、8外显子共4个SNPs(T581C、T599C、A861T、A1128G)的遗传变异。SAS软件采用最小二乘法拟合线性模型,将几个位点的不同基因型与牛肉质、胴体性状进行关联分析。结果表明,位于CTSD基因外显子5的T581C突变与大理石纹性状呈显著相关(P<0.05),BB基因型显著优于AA和AB基因型,这为T581C作为肉牛大理石纹的分子标记提供了一定的理论依据。     

甘肃地区牛源金黄色葡萄球菌分子鉴定及RAPD分型

本研究目的是分离鉴定引起甘肃地区奶牛乳房炎的金黄色葡萄球菌,掌握其基因型情况。利用16S、23SrRNA保守序列PCR扩增对乳房炎奶样中的金黄色葡萄球菌进行鉴定,并进行RAPD基因分型。结果表明,310份奶样中共分离出金黄色葡萄球菌100株,RAPD结果显示这100株金黄色葡萄球菌均可得到清晰的RAPD指纹图谱,扩增产物在2～7条带之间,具有多种带型组成。通过聚类分析100株菌产生11个基因型,其中Ⅰ型4株,Ⅱ型4株,Ⅲ型10株,Ⅳ型13株,Ⅴ型7株,Ⅵ型24株,Ⅶ型16株,Ⅷ型6株,Ⅸ型4株,Ⅹ型10株,Ⅺ型2株。Ⅵ型为该地区的流行优势菌群,不同牛场各基因型菌株分布有明显差异。本研究说明牛场的环境与养殖条件对病原菌流行传播有明显的影响,这一结果对地区性奶牛乳房炎的防治提供了可靠的理论依据。     

鸡各种综合症的防治

近年来鸡的各种综合症发病率明显升高，严重危害养鸡业的发展。这些综合症必须要引起我们的重视，认真分析原因，采取有力的防治措施，控制病害的进一步发展和流行。     

母猪卧向行为学的观察

本文通过2个试验对母猪在分娩圈和分娩栏中的卧向行为进行了观察,试验一中, 选择10头大白(Yorkshire)经产母猪作为观察对象,试验二中分别选择10头大白(Yorkshire) 经产母猪和10头长白(Landrace)经产母猪作为观察对象。观察采用瞬时记录方法,每周观察 三次,隔日观察,每天上午、下午各观察一次,每次3 h,每次观察间隔5 min。观察中发现,母猪 卧向以向外为主。分娩栏(四周是栏杆)中的母猪以选择卧向外(向北)为主,其次是卧向内(向 南),卧向左和卧向右最少且差异不显著,上栏前和下栏后差异不显著。分娩圈(四周是墙壁)中 母猪以选择卧向外为主,卧向内最少,卧向左和卧向右差异不显著。长白母猪比大白母猪选择 卧向外的多,妊娠阶段比哺乳阶段选择卧向外的多。     

鸡大肠杆菌O78对喹诺酮类药物高耐药株的分子鉴定

就临床分离的鸡大肠杆菌O78对喹诺酮类药物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）进行了测定，得到对喹诺酮类药物有不同耐药水平的细菌23株。根据GenBank已公布的QRDRs序列，设计了分剐扩增gyrA、gyrB、parC和parE基因的4对引物，以筛选的23株耐药菌DNA为模板，进行了PCR扩增。序列分析及AcrA的Western blotting检测结果表明，临床分离的鸡大肠杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药水平与GyrA和ParC的突变密切相关，而AcrAB外输泵的表达水平无显著变化。提示临床分离的鸡大肠杆菌O78的耐药水平与喹诺酮类药物的选择性压力有关，它诱导了DNA旋转酶和拓扑异构酶IV的基因突变，可能不能激活AcrAB外输泵。