水稻畦式好气栽培法试验

以传统栽培为对照,研究畦式好气栽培对水稻根系、群体消长、产量构成因素及产量的影响。结果表明,畦式好气栽培显著提高了整个生育期水稻根系的生物量,与传统栽培相比,增幅达5.46%－11.18%;显著增加了抽穗后10cm以下土层的根系比例和根系活力,提高了根冠比,促进了水稻分蘖的发生,显著提高了水稻有效穗数、结实率和产量,每公顷可比传统栽培增产稻谷637.5kg,增产9.48%。     

“刘易斯—费景汉—拉尼斯”模型与二元结构下的乡镇企业发展

本文就“刘—费—拉”二元经济模型。提出我国乡镇企业发展模式，揭示其发展约束—金融市场缺憾，并就其发展前景作一初步探讨。     

氦-氖激光治疗新生羔羊腹泻病的疗效试验

采用功率密度408.39 mW,能量密度244.60 J/cm~2的He-Ne激光照射交巢穴,治疗新生羔羊腹泻病,具有显效快、疗程短、方法简便、减少劳动强度及降低治疗费用等特点,是一种新的理疗方法。     

甜杂二号甜椒的选育

甜杂二号甜椒为新育成的一代杂种,其植株生长势旺、早熟、丰产、座果率高,连续结实性好,抗TMV病毒能力强.果实绿色灯笼形,味甜质脆,适宜保护地栽培,比对照茄门,同丰37、同丰16、早熟3号等增产31%以上,增值26%以上.1987年通过北京市品种审定.现已成为北京保护地甜椒生产主栽品种之一.全国20个省市均有试种,反映良好.     

不同栽培方式对生菜产量及品质的影响

采用土壤栽培、有机生态型无土栽培、无机耗能型无土栽培三种栽培方式，进行生菜三次采收四层立体栽培试验。结果表明：采用有机生态型无土栽培进行生菜分次采收立体栽培，可有效降低产品中硝酸盐含量，提高根冠比和相对生长速率，变一次性收获为三次采收，可使每盘产量提高30％以上，变平面栽培为4层立体栽培，使温室复种指数提高4倍。     

奶牛"两病"的监测与思考

奶牛“两病”是指奶牛的结核病和布鲁氏菌病，是世界动物卫生组织(OIE)规定强制报告的两种疫病，二病都属人畜共患病。人的牛型结核感染主要是通过饮用生奶引起，尤其是儿童常因喝生牛奶被感染而患肠结核杆菌病；饮用生奶或制品也易感染布鲁氏菌病。奶牛“两病”严重威胁着人民的身体健     

百合组培中鳞片处理及其颜色变化与鳞茎形成的关系

 研究了百合鳞片发育程度、切割段数、形态及生理变化、培养基的P 和K含量与鳞茎形成的关系。结果表明: 取中层鳞片、每片横切6 段的繁殖系数最高, 基部鳞片结鳞茎数最多, 且鳞茎发生最早。鳞片由基部向顶部繁殖系数递减。培养过程中鳞片颜色和形态变化依次为乳白色、浅黄、浅紫色、绿紫、鳞片干枯、鳞茎增大, 鳞片由浅黄变为绿紫色过程中叶绿素含量增加, 淀粉和可溶性糖含量下降。适当增加培养基中P、K的含量可提高鳞茎形成的数量和质量。     

野榆钱菠菜三种异型种子幼苗的生长特性

野榆钱菠菜是新疆重要的荒漠野生牧草资源,具有褐色(非休眠类型)、黑色大、黑色小(休眠类型)3种异型种子。以种子异型性植物野榆钱菠菜为材料,对3种异型种子在自然条件下进行培育,对比观察研究3种异型种子的萌发物候及幼苗的生长特性。结果表明:1) 异型种子萌发物候不同步,萌发策略不同,褐色种子集中萌发,出苗率为74.30%,萌发期为3 d;两种黑色种子萌发期长,分散萌发,出苗率分别为6.58%(黑色大种子)和1.55%(黑色小种子),萌发期分别为21和17 d。2) 异型种子子叶存留时间长,但存留时间有差异,种子越小子叶存留时间越短。3) 褐色种子幼苗在初期其子叶长宽、根长、地上地下生物量均显著大于黑色种子幼苗,但随着幼苗的生长,3种异型种子幼苗在这些指标方面的差异逐渐缩小。4) 异型种子幼苗具有不同的生物量分配策略,褐色种子幼苗主要将养分输送到地上部分,两种黑色种子幼苗主要将养分输送到地下部分,这种不同的生物量分配策略能够使种子异型性植物在面对荒漠异质环境时具有不同的应对方式,是种子异型性植物能够长期适应荒漠异质环境的重要生态适应机制。研究结果为揭示种子异型性植物长期适应荒漠异质环境提供新的科学依据,也为“两头下注”对策理论提供新的理论基础。     

Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.     

Genomic characterization of the first oral avian papillomavirus in a colony of breeding canaries (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Serinus canaria</Emphasis>)

Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus.